Cervical length measurement in nulliparous women at term by ultrasound & its relationship to spontaneous onset of labour.

Background & Objectives: Data on serial cervical length (CL) measurements in pregnancy at term to predict spontaneous labour onset are scarce and conflicting. This study was conducted to observe CL changes preceding spontaneous onset of labour, by serial transvaginal sonography (TVS) and transabdominal sonography (TAS), in nulliparous Indian women near term.

Methods: Only nulliparous women with a singleton foetus in cephalic presentation and who confirmed their gestational age were recruited.

Ovarian germ cell neoplasm in a true hermaphrodite.

True hermaphrodites are extremely rare. The incidence of malignancies in cases of true hermaphrodites range between 1.9-2.