Maternal vitamin B12 during pregnancy and schizophrenia in offspring.

Background: Maternal nutritional deficiency is linked with several adverse outcomes in offspring but the link between maternal vitamin B12 levels and offspring schizophrenia remains unexplored.

Methods: In this nationwide population-based nested case-control design, 1145 schizophrenia cases were born between 1987-1997 and diagnosed by 2017 and each case were matched with a control. Maternal vitamin B12 levels during the first and early second trimesters of pregnancy were measured using chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay from maternal sera.

Parental psychopathology and offspring anxiety disorders in childhood and adolescence: A Finnish nationwide register study.

Background: Research suggests an association between parental psychiatric disorders and offspring anxiety disorders, yet comprehensive studies are limited. This study aims to investigate the associations between various parental psychiatric disorders and anxiety disorders in their offspring.

Method: Using Finnish register data, this nested case-control study analyzed 867,175 singleton live births from 1992 to 2006, identifying 21,671 cases of anxiety disorders diagnosed between 1998 and 2016.

Maternal vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring schizophrenia.

Background: Findings from previous studies on maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and offspring schizophrenia are limited and inconsistent.

Methods: We used nationwide population-based register data with a nested case-control design to examine the association between maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and offspring schizophrenia. The cases of schizophrenia (n = 1145) were born from 1987 to 1997, and received a diagnosis of schizophrenia by 2017, and were matched with equal number of controls.

Prenatal organochlorine pollutant exposure and risk of schizophrenia in a national birth cohort.

Non-genetic prenatal exposures have been associated with schizophrenia risk. However, the role of prenatal exposure to environmental neurotoxicants in offspring schizophrenia risk has been studied in only limited instances. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the pesticide metabolite p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene (DDE) have been linked to neurodevelopmental outcomes, including impairments implicated in schizophrenia.

Maternal Serum Vitamin B12 during Pregnancy and Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder.

This study examined the association between maternal serum vitamin B12 levels during early pregnancy and offspring autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and subtypes. Based on a Finnish national birth cohort, case offspring = 1558) born in 1987-2007 and diagnosed with ASD by 2015 were matched with one control on date of birth, sex and place of birth. Maternal vitamin B12 levels were measured during first and early second trimesters of pregnancy.

Maternal Vitamin D Levels during Pregnancy and Offspring Psychiatric Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Prenatal exposure to vitamin D may play a significant role in human brain development and function. Previous epidemiological studies investigating the associations between maternal vitamin D status and offspring developmental and psychiatric outcomes in humans have been inconclusive. We aimed to systematically assess the results of previously published studies that examined the associations between maternal vitamin D levels, measured as circulating 25(OH)D levels in pregnancy or at birth, and offspring neuropsychiatric and psychiatric outcomes.

Associations Between Delivery Modes, Birth Outcomes and Offspring Anxiety Disorders in a Population-Based Birth Cohort of Children and Adolescents.

Objective: Mode of delivery and well-being markers for newborn infants have been associated with later psychiatric problems in children and adolescents. However, only few studies have examined the association between birth outcomes and anxiety disorders and the results have been contradictory.

Methods: This study was a Finnish population-based register study, which comprised 22,181 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and 74,726 controls.

Preterm birth, poor foetal growth and anxiety disorders in a Finnish nationwide register sample.

Aim: We examined the associations between preterm birth, poor foetal growth and anxiety disorders among children and adolescents. Additionally, we examined the impact of common comorbidities and specific anxiety disorders separately.

Methods: Three Finnish registers provided data on a nationwide birth cohort of 22,181 cases with anxiety disorders and 74,726 controls.

Digitalized Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Depressive Symptoms During Pregnancy: Systematic Review.

Background: Studies have shown a high prevalence of depression during pregnancy, and there is also evidence that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the most effective psychosocial interventions. Emerging evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has shown that technology has been successfully harnessed to provide CBT interventions for other populations. However, very few studies have focused on their use during pregnancy.

Digital mental health literacy -program for the first-year medical students' wellbeing: a one group quasi-experimental study.

Background: Medical students are prone to mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, and their psychological burden is mainly related to their highly demanding studies. Interventions are needed to improve medical students' mental health literacy (MHL) and wellbeing. This study assessed the digital Transitions, a MHL program for medical students that covered blended life skills and mindfulness activities.

Prenatal Vitamin D Levels in Maternal Sera and Offspring Specific Learning Disorders.

Recent evidence has suggested potential harmful effects of vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy on offspring brain development, for example, elevated risks for neuropsychiatric disorders. Findings on general cognition and academic achievement are mixed, and no studies have examined the effect of prenatal 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels on diagnosed specific learning disorders, which was the aim of this study. We examined a nested case-control sample from the source cohort of all singleton-born children in Finland between 1996 and 1997 ( = 115,730).

Maternal Vitamin D Levels During Pregnancy and Offspring Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: Findings from previous studies on maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in offspring are inconsistent.

Methods: The association between maternal 25(OH)D levels during pregnancy and offspring ASD was examined using data from a nationwide population-based register with a nested case-control study design. The ASD cases (n = 1558) were born between 1987 and 2004 and received a diagnosis of ASD by 2015; cases were matched with an equal number of controls.

Parental age and risk of depression: A nationwide, population-based case-control study.

Background: The global prevalence of depression has increased in recent decades and so has the average age of parenthood. Younger and older parental age have been associated with several mental disorders in their offspring, but the associations for depression have been inconsistent.

Methods: This study comprised 37,682 singleton births in Finland from 1987- 2007.

Preterm Birth Is Associated With Depression From Childhood to Early Adulthood.

Objective: There have been inconsistent findings on the associations among prematurity, poor fetal growth, and depression. We examined the associations among gestational age, poor fetal growth, and depression in individuals aged 5 to 25 years.

Method: We identified 37,682 case subjects based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 2961 and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes F32.

Parental Alcohol Problems, Parental Divorce, and Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged Men.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease and a serious global public health concern increasing both mortality and morbidity. Previous studies have found evidence for an association between early psychological stress and diabetes later in life.

Methods: This study examined the association between parental alcohol problems and parental divorce and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Finnish men aged 42 to 61 years (n = 754) in a prospective setting.

Maternal serum Vitamin B12 and offspring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Maternal Vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy is associated with offspring neuropsychiatric disorders. Few previous studies examining this association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report inconsistent findings. The study examines the association between maternal serum Vitamin B12 levels and offsprings' risk of ADHD.

Perinatal risk factors and reactive attachment disorder: A nationwide population-based study.

Aim: To examine the association between several perinatal and obstetric risk factors and reactive attachment disorder in children diagnosed in specialised services.

Methods: In this nested case-control study, 614 cases with reactive attachment disorder and 2423 controls matched with age and sex were identified from Finnish national registers. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between a number of perinatal risk factors and reactive attachment disorder.

Time trends in the incidence of diagnosed depression among people aged 5-25 years living in Finland 1995-2012.

Knowledge of time trends for depression is important for disease prevention and healthcare planning. Only a few studies have addressed these questions regarding the incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression from childhood to early adulthood and findings have been inconclusive. The aim of this national register-based Finnish study was to report the time trends of the age-specific and gender-specific incidence and cumulative incidence of diagnosed depression.

Maternal serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Exposure to infection and inflammation during the fetal period are associated with offspring neuropsychiatric disorders. Few previous studies have examined this association with ADHD with mixed findings. This study aims to examine the association between early gestational maternal C-reactive protein (CRP), prospectively assayed in stored maternal sera and the risk of ADHD in offspring.

Risk factors for impaired maternal bonding when infants are 3 months old: a longitudinal population based study from Japan.

Background: Impaired maternal bonding has been associated with antenatal and postnatal factors, especially postpartum depression. Only a few population-based, longitudinal studies have examined the association between maternal depression and bonding in outside western countries. In addition, little is known about the association between psychosocial factors during pregnancy and impaired maternal bonding.

Parental Risk Factors among Children with Reactive Attachment Disorder Referred to Specialized Services: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

This nationwide population-based register study examined the family and parental risk factors associated with offspring reactive attachment disorder (RAD). We identified 614 children diagnosed with RAD from the Finnish Care Register for Health Care and each case was matched with four controls. Univariate and multivariate models examined the associations between risk factors and RAD.

The association between gestational diabetes mellitus and postpartum depressive symptomatology: A prospective cohort study.

Background: The literature suggests an association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and depression, but data on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and postpartum depressive symptomatology (PPDS) are scarce.

Methods: Altogether, 1066 women with no previous mental health issues enrolled in the Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo, www.kubico.