Biological Functions and Therapeutic Potential of NAD Metabolism in Gynecological Cancers.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an important cofactor for both metabolic and signaling pathways, with the dysregulation of NAD levels acting as a driver for diseases such as neurodegeneration, cancers, and metabolic diseases. NAD plays an essential role in regulating the growth and progression of cancers by controlling important cellular processes including metabolism, transcription, and translation. NAD regulates several metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the citric acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation by acting as a cofactor for redox reactions.