Abusive head trauma in infants: An observational single centre study comparing developmental and functional outcome between 18 months and 5 years.

Background: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a major cause of traumatic brain injury in infancy. This exploratory study compared standardized developmental assessment versus functional outcome assessment between 18 months and 5 years of age following AHT in infancy.

Methods: Observational cross-sectional study after surviving AHT in infancy.

Poor sleep quality in children with atopic dermatitis and its effects on behavior: A multicenter cross-sectional study from a low-middle-income country.

Background: Sleep disturbance in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) frequently goes unnoticed and can be associated with behavioral challenges. The aims of this study were to determine (a) the prevalence and factors associated with sleep disturbance and behavioral problems and (b) the correlation between sleep disturbance and behavioral problems in children with AD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved children aged 4-12 years old with moderate to severe AD.

Relationship between children with neurodevelopmental disorders and their caregivers and friends during early phase of COVID-19 school closure in Japan: Association with difficulty in implementing infection prevention measures.

Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic people had to implement various infection prevention measures. Researchers have reported the difficulties experienced by children with neurodevelopmental disorders in implementing these measures and their caregivers' resultant anxiety and stress. This study examined the relationship between these difficulties and the deterioration of the children's relationships with their caregivers and friends during school closure and after school reopened.

An Explorative Study of Affiliate Stigma, Resilience, and Quality of Life Among Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

Purpose: Children diagnosed with ASD usually have impaired social functions, exhibit repetitive, stereotyped and self-stimulatory behaviors, which make them prone to be stigmatized by the public. However, stigma not only affects those with stigmatization characteristics such as children with ASD but also tends to include other people related to them including parents. This is called affiliate stigma.

The Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for preschoolers within a Malaysian context.

Background: Childhood sleep practices impact growth, development, and long-term health. There is a paucity of sleep data pertaining to preschool children in Asia, especially South-East Asia.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved parents of well siblings, aged 2-6 years.

Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Parenting Stress Across Asian Countries: A Cross-National Study.

In a previous study, we demonstrated that the accumulation of parenting stress during prolonged school closures and restrictions on daily activities due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan indicates the need for mental health intervention for parents at higher risk of parenting stress. However, few studies have focused on parenting stress in other Asian countries, although they have experienced higher numbers of infections. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether parenting stress among caregivers increased across Asia due to school closures and restrictions on activities during the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine whether there were any country-specific, cross-country, or cross-regional risk factors for increased parenting stress.

Outcome of abusive head trauma in children less than 2 years: A single center study from a middle-income country.

Background: Abusive head trauma (AHT) is a severe manifestation of physical abuse in young children. This study examines the outcome of AHT in children under 2 years and features associated with mortality and disability.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 72 children under 2 years diagnosed to have AHT between 2011 and 2018 at a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia.

First Parental Concerns and Age at Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Retrospective Review from Malaysia.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. This is the first study to examine first parental concerns in ASD in Malaysia. We examined: i) age and type of first parental concerns (AOC); ii) association between AOC and severity; iii) time lag between AOC and diagnosis; and iv) factors associated with diagnostic delay.

Health-related quality of life and developmental outcome of children on home mechanical ventilation in a developing country: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Provision of home mechanical ventilation (HMV) to children with chronic respiratory insufficiency enhances growth and quality of life. The hypothesis was that health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the development of these children were poorer than in healthy children.

Objectives: To determine the HRQoL and developmental outcome of children on HMV.

Parents' Experiences of Affiliate Stigma when Caring for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Studies.

Problem: Stigma affects not only children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) themselves, but also people connected with them (i.e., parents, siblings).

Parent-reported pain in non-verbal children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.

Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence, frequency, and intensity of parent-reported pain among non-verbal children with cerebral palsy (CP) and explore associations with medical, demographic, and parental psychosocial factors.

Method: Participants were parents of non-verbal outpatients (aged 2-20y) with CP at University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur and two community centres. Parents answered the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities Questionnaire and a pro forma regarding parent-reported frequency and intensity of pain during the preceding 4 weeks.

Depressive symptoms in children with chronic gastrointestinal disorders.

Background: Children with chronic illness may have depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among children attending a pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic in Malaysia, and whether it differed by age, gender and diagnosis.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with data collected over a 16 month period (April 2010-July 2011).