Publications by authors named "Subhash Chander"

Background And Aims: To investigate gender, racial, ethnic, and regional disparities in first and senior authorship positions in gastroenterology/hepatology-related randomised controlled trials (RCT).

Method: Retrospective bibliometric analysis of PubMed-indexed RCTs published between January 2000 to December 2022 in leading journals with an impact factor of at least five.

Results: 943 RCTs met our inclusion criteria, providing a participant pool of 301 female (15.

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India is a treasure trove of biological diversity with its plant genetic resources playing a crucial role in the crop improvement serving as the foundation for the country's sustainable food and nutritional security. India's in vitro genebank (IVG) is part of the National Genebank at the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR). The IVG houses distinctive multi-crop repository that utilizes several tissue culture techniques for short- to medium-term storage in in vitro active genebank (IVAG) and cryoconservation approaches for long-term storage in in vitro base genebank (IVBG).

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The availability of an effective vaccine does not equate to its use; its effectiveness primarily depends on vaccine acceptance by the targeted population. Despite the rapid development and widespread access to the COVID-19 vaccine, herd immunity is yet to be achieved, with vaccine hesitancy as a major barrier. This study sought to systematically assess the beliefs, attitudes, and acceptance towards COVID-19 vaccines, including factors contributing to vaccination hesitancy in the Eastern and Western Hemispheres.

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  • Phytophthora infestans is a serious pathogen causing late blight disease in potatoes, impacting them throughout their growth stages and spreading quickly.
  • Field experiments in the 2020-21 and 2021-22 winter seasons tested the effectiveness of novel fungicides, showing that certain treatments resulted in the lowest disease incidence and highest tuber yields.
  • The study found that late blight is positively correlated with temperature, humidity, and sunlight, and the use of specific fungicides significantly reduced disease severity and increased profitability compared to untreated controls.
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Cryopreservation serves as an invaluable technique for safeguarding the genetic diversity of plants and various organisms, while also facilitating fundamental biological research. Despite notable advancements in this field, the cryopreservation of certain cell types and tissues remains challenging, particularly those that exhibit sensitivity to low temperatures. Two-celled pollen is a promising model system for the study of cryopreservation.

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  • The study examines the effects of low vs. high vancomycin trough levels on clinical outcomes in adults with sepsis or gram-positive infections, moving away from the previously recommended dosage guidelines.
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 studies involving over 5,200 patients showed no significant links between vancomycin levels and various clinical outcomes like microbial clearance and ICU stay.
  • However, lower trough levels appeared to trend towards reduced treatment failure and were significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality rates.
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  • The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of using urea to treat hyponatremia caused by SIADH, addressing previously raised concerns in the medical community.
  • The study analyzed existing observational research from multiple databases, focusing on patients with SIADH-related low sodium levels and including trials that measured outcomes like serum sodium concentration and any adverse effects from urea administration.
  • Results showed that urea treatment led to a significant improvement in serum sodium levels, particularly in more severe cases of hyponatremia, indicating it may be an effective treatment option despite some variability in outcomes.
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Introduction: Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation. This study presents an updated systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of caloric restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF) on plasma inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein [CRP], tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, and interleukin [IL]-6) in individuals with obesity/overweight compared with unrestricted or ad libitum feeding.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting inflammatory biomarkers after at least 8 weeks of intervention.

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Integrated pest management (IPM) is a comprehensive approach to managing diseases, focusing on combining various strategies to reduce pathogen populations effectively and in an environmentally conscious way. We investigated the effects of IPM on beneficial microbial populations and its relationship with pathogen populations in both direct-seeded rice (DSR) and transplanted rice (TR) systems. This study demonstrates that IPM practices have significantly higher populations of beneficial microbes, such as and , and lower level of the pathogen compared to non-IPM (farmer practices).

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Background: Catheter ablation and antiarrhythmic drug therapy are utilized for rhythm control in atrial fibrillation (AF), but their comparative effectiveness, especially with contemporary treatment modalities, remains undefined. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis contrasting current ablation techniques against antiarrhythmic medications for AF.

Methods: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science until November 2023 for randomized trials comparing AF catheter ablation with antiarrhythmics, against antiarrhythmic drug therapy alone, reporting outcomes for > 6 months.

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  • A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various vasopressors, like epinephrine and vasopressin, in patients who experienced cardiac arrest, focusing on clinical and mortality outcomes.
  • The analysis included 26 studies and found that epinephrine significantly improved survival rates to hospital discharge and the return of spontaneous circulation compared to a placebo, but did not show advantages in other outcomes like short-term survival or neurological function.
  • Combinations of vasopressors did not outperform epinephrine alone, though there was a slight improvement in survival to hospital admission with combined therapies.
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Introduction: Acute pancreatitis poses a significant health risk due to the potential for pancreatic necrosis and multi-organ failure. Fluid resuscitation has demonstrated positive effects; however, consensus on the ideal intravenous fluid type and infusion rate for optimal patient outcomes remains elusive.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2005 and January 2023.

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Background: In recent years, innovation in healthcare technology has significantly improved the efficiency of the healthcare system. Advancements have led to better patient care and more cost-effective services. The electronic medical record (EMR) system, in particular, has enhanced interoperability and collaboration across healthcare departments by facilitating the exchange and utilization of patient data.

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This research work aimed to isolate and culture the bacterium for biogenic fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles, specifically ZnO and ZnO-ME nanoparticles (nanoparticles fabricated from bacterial extracts only - ZnO, and from bacterial cell mass including extract - ZnO-ME). SEM investigation revealed the spherical-shaped NPs with 22.33 and 39 nm in size for ZnO and ZnO-ME, respectively.

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Background: The global use of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) has increased, mirroring the incidence of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Despite its growing clinical usage, patient outcomes with KRT modalities remain controversial. In this meta-analysis, we sought to compare the mortality outcomes of patients with any kidney disease requiring peritoneal dialysis (PD), hemodialysis (HD), or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

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The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the primary cause of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), one of the deadliest pandemic diseases. Various mechanisms and procedures have been pursued to synthesise several anti-HIV agents, but due to the severe side effects and multidrug resistance spawning from the treatment of HIV/AIDS using highly active retroviral therapy (HAART), it has become imperative to design and synthesise novel anti-HIV agents. Literature has shown that natural sources, particularly the plant kingdom, can release important metabolites that have several biological, mechanistic and structural representations similar to chemically synthesised compounds.

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  • The study focused on creating a long-term storage method for pollen from specific plant species to help enhance crop improvement.
  • Different species required different pollen germination media, with varying sucrose concentrations found to be optimal.
  • Cryopreservation at -196°C proved to maintain pollen viability effectively for two months, offering a reliable technique for long-term pollen storage and its application in agriculture.
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The present study reports low-cost novel biogenic magnetite Citrus limetta peels carbon (FeO/CLPC) nanocomposites and modified FeO/CLPC@CS nanocomposites cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and subsequently employed in batch mode sequestration of heavy metals ions. Diverse techniques fully characterized them, and the influence of operating variables on adsorption reactions from aqueous solutions was investigated. The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) surface areas of synthesized FeO/CLPC and FeO/CLPC@CS NCs were 53.

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Rice field bunds and edges can act as near crop habitats, available for planting flowering plants to attract and conserve the natural enemies. We evaluated the effect of ecological engineering on the incidence of Brown Planthopper (BPH), (Stål) (Hemiptera; Delphacidae) and the abundance of its predators in the rice variety Pusa Basmati-1121. Plots included the oilseed crops .

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Background: Females and ethnic minorities are underrepresented in the first and senior authorships positions of academic publications. This stems from various structural and systemic inequalities and discrimination in the journal peer-review process, as well as educational, institutional, and organizational cultures.

Methods: A retrospective bibliometric study design was used to investigate the representation of gender and racial/ethnic groups in the authorship of critical care randomized controlled trials in 12 high-impact journals from 2000 to 2022.

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Wheat ( L.) is the major global staple food crop that meets the food security demands of various nations across the continents. The recent reduction in wheat production is attributed to several biotic and abiotic factors especially, temperature and rainfall patterns, and pest occurrence.

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