Indian J Endocrinol Metab
June 2024
Introduction: Obesity, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance are associated with hypopituitarism. The association between these conditions and Sheehan's syndrome (SS) caused by post-partum pituitary gland necrosis is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk surrogate markers in SS patients, and we compared clinical, biochemical and radiological testing with healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData are limited on the genetic profile of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) from developing countries. Here, we report one of the first study on genetic profile of patients with suspected PCD from India. In this prospective cross-sectional study, we enrolled 162 children with suspected PCD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fluoridated mouth rinses improve anti-cariogenic environment but decrease oral pH below critical value, affecting orthodontic bracket surface topography and causing corrosive changes over prolonged use. This invitro study aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the surface topography and metallic ion release of the stainless steel (SS) brackets at varying acidic and alkaline pH.
Materials And Methods: Forty unused SS brackets were divided into four groups (Group A, B, C, D) and immersed for 48- hours in solutions of artificial saliva and sodium fluoride (0.
Inflammation in ulcerative colitis is typically restricted to the mucosal layer of distal gut. Disrupted mucus barrier, coupled with microbial dysbiosis, has been reported to occur prior to the onset of inflammation. Here, we show the involvement of vesicular trafficking protein Rab7 in regulating the colonic mucus system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA substantial percentage of kidney transplant recipients show transplant failure due to BK virus-induced nephropathy. This can be clinically controlled by the rapid and timely detection of BK virus infection in immune-compromised patients. We report a rapid (two hours from sample collection, processing, and detection), cost-effective (< 2$), highly sensitive and BKV-specific nanoLAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) diagnostic methodology using novel primers and gold nanoparticles complex-based visual detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany drugs were recommended as antiviral agents for infection control and effective therapy to reduce the mortality rate for COVID-19 patients. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), an antimalarial drug, has been controversially recommended for prophylactic use in many countries, including India, to control SARS-CoV-2 infections. We have explored the effect of prophylactic HCQ from the cells of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome patients to determine the level of infection and ultrastructural alterations in the ciliated epithelium, type II pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and enucleated granulocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: SARS-CoV-2 was reported to induce cell fusions to form multinuclear syncytia that might facilitate viral replication, dissemination, immune evasion, and inflammatory responses. In this study, we have reported the types of cells involved in syncytia formation at different stages of COVID-19 disease through electron microscopy.
Methods: Bronchoalveolar fluids from the mild (n = 8, SpO2 > 95%, no hypoxia, within 2-8 days of infection), moderate (n = 8, SpO2 90% to ≤ 93% on room air, respiratory rate ≥ 24/min, breathlessness, within 9-16 days of infection), and severe (n = 8, SpO2 < 90%, respiratory rate > 30/min, external oxygen support, after 17th days of infection) COVID-19 patients were examined by PAP (cell type identification), immunofluorescence (for the level of viral infection), scanning (SEM), and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy to identify the syncytia.
Cemento-ossifying fibromas are benign fibro-osseous lesions characterized by deposition of cementum and fibrous tissue. Familial gigantiform cementoma (FGC) is an exceeding rare and distinct subtype of cemento-osseous-fibrous lesion. We hereby present a case of FGC in a young boy who was left to die due to the social stigma caused by the massive bony growth in the upper and lower jaw.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fragment reattachment is the recommended treatment modality in uncomplicated crown fractures. There is a paucity of literature regarding the mechanisms responsible for increased resistance to fracture after fragment rehydration in such cases. Hence, the aim of this proof-of-concept study was to decipher the microscopic changes in the penetration characteristics of resin in tooth fragments after different rehydration protocols.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, we examined the cellular infectivity and ultrastructural changes due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the various cells of bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) from intubated patients of different age groups (≥60 years and <60 years) and with common comorbidities such as diabetes, liver and kidney diseases, and malignancies. BALF of 79 patients (38 cases >60 and 41 cases <60 years) were studied by light microscopy, immunofluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the ultrastructural changes in the ciliated epithelium, type II pneumocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and anucleated granulocytes. This study demonstrated relatively a greater infection and better preservation of subcellular structures in these cells from BALF of younger patients (<60 years compared with the older patients (≥60 years).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare monoclonal disease of antigen presenting cells. Involvement of thyroid gland by LCH is exceedingly rare. Herein, we present a case of LCH involving the thyroid in a 38-year-old woman.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are uncommon; intermediate grade soft tissue tumors occurring in young individuals with an uncertain behaviour. The incidence of pulmonary lymphangitis carcinomatosis (PLC) is around 6-8% of all pulmonary metastases. However, PLC due to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is very uncommon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods Mol Biol
March 2022
Surface ultrastructures of giant cells (GCs) may help distinguish an aggressive tumor from an indolent giant cell tumor (GCT). This protocol describes a better way for ultrastructural surface imaging of GC from GCT of bone by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fresh GCT samples collected in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) are thoroughly washed to remove the blood and treated with collagenase to isolate the GCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpindle cell tumors of the prostate are very uncommon and the majority involve the prostate secondarily from adjacent organs. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are specific C-kit (CD 117) expressing mesenchymal tumors occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, commonly in the stomach and intestine; however, it is seldom seen involving the prostate. Although primary prostatic GISTs have been described, majority of them are secondary involvement from rectal GIST.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEosinophilic solid cystic renal cell carcinoma (ESC-RCC) is a recently described entity, which demonstrates distinct clinical, pathological and molecular features. We present a series of three cases, the first to be reported from the Indian subcontinent. All three patients were over 50 years of age; and presented with a large kidney mass.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To study the presence of biofilms in patients of chronic otitis media (COM)-active squamosal disease and to evaluate the microflora and clinical impact of biofilms.
Methods: A total of 35 patients suffering from COM - active squamosal disease was studied. Cholesteatoma sample was collected at the time of mastoid surgery and the same was used to image for biofilms by scanning electron microscope.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe cardiopulmonary disease characterized by complement-dependent, fibroblast-induced perivascular accumulation and proinflammatory activation of macrophages. We hypothesized that, in PH, nanoscale-sized small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), released by perivascular/adventitial fibroblasts, are critical mediators of complement-dependent proinflammatory activation of macrophages. Pulmonary adventitial fibroblasts were isolated from calves with severe PH (PH-Fibs) and age-matched controls (CO-Fibs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Overnight high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (ON-HDDST) is a simple test to localize the source of ACTH in patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS). However, previous studies have reported its varying accuracy. We studied the utility of ON-HDDST in diagnosing Cushing's disease (CD) in a series of patients with CD and ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a common benign lesion that causes significant morbidity due to the failure of modern medical and surgical treatment. Surface ultra-structures of giant cells (GCs) may help in distinguishing aggressive tumors from indolent GC lesions. This study aimed to standardize scanning electron microscopic (SEM) imaging of GC from GCT of bone.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrimonidine, an anti-glaucoma medicine, acts as an adrenergic agonist which decreases the synthesis of aqueous humour and increases the amount of drainage through Schlemm's canal and trabecular meshwork, but shows dose-dependent (0.2% solution thrice daily) toxicity. To reduce the side effects and improve the efficacy, brimonidine was nanoencapsulated on ultra-small-sized chitosan nanoparticles (nanobrimonidine) (28 ± 4 nm) with 39% encapsulation efficiency, monodispersity, freeze-thawing capability, storage stability, and 2% drug loading capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTargeted nano-delivery vehicles were developed from genetically modified Cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) capsid by ligands bioconjugation for efficient drug delivery in cancer cells. RNA binding (N 1-25aa) and β-hexamer forming (N 27-41aa) domain of capsid was selectively deleted by genetic engineering to achieve the efficient in vitro assembly without natural cargo. Two variants of capsids were generated by truncating 41 and 26 amino acid from N terminus (NΔ41 and NΔ26) designated as F and F respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF