The evaluation and analysis of irritable bowel syndrome-related short videos on social media (TikTok).

Background: TikTok is one of the fastest growing social media platforms. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has recently become a trending topic of interest among TikTok users.

Aim: To better understand the quality and accuracy of information presented in the most popular IBS-relevant videos on TikTok.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in diabetic gastroenteropathy.

Background: Although diabetic gastroenteropathy (DGE) is associated with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), most studies have evaluated SIBO with a hydrogen breath test, which may be affected by altered transit in DGE. The risk factors for the consequences of SIBO in DGE are poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of, risk factors for, and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with SIBO in patients with DGE.

Mindfulness-based Interventions Across the Cancer Continuum in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Objective: To review mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) tested in randomized controlled trials (RCT) across the cancer continuum.

Data Source: Articles identified in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Embase.

Study Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria: Two independent reviewers screened articles for: (1) topic relevance; (2) RCT study design; (3) mindfulness activity; (4) text availability; (5) country (United States); and (6) mindfulness as the primary intervention component.

A randomized double-blind trial of clonidine and colesevelam for women with fecal incontinence.

Background: Diarrhea and rectal urgency are risk factors for fecal incontinence (FI). The effectiveness of bowel modifiers for improving FI is unclear.

Methods: In this double-blind, parallel-group, randomized trial, women with urge FI were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a combination of oral clonidine (0.

Colon Conundrum: A Fascinating Case Report Unraveling the Enigmatic Tactoid Bodies.

Tactile corpuscle-like bodies (TCLBs) are specialized mechanoreceptors found in the dermal papilla of glabrous skin. They are normally not found in the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa. There has been an increase in incidental detection in the GI mucosa due to the widespread use of colonoscopy procedures.

Unveiling the Culprit: Sarcina Infection in the Stomach and Its Link to Unexplained Weight Loss.

species (spp.) infections in humans are relatively rare; however, reported cases have recently increased. We have presented the case of a 56-year-old female with diabetes who presented with bloating, dysphagia, and substantial weight loss, ultimately diagnosed with reactive gastritis secondary to spp.

Video brochures in a mailed fecal immunochemical test outreach program provide cancer screening information in a user-friendly format for rural Appalachian community members.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is recommended for average-risk adults, yet many adults are not up-to-date with screening. One recommended CRC screening approach is the annual completion of a fecal immunochemical test (FIT). However, usually, fewer than half of mailed FIT tests are returned.

Utility of the plasma pancreatic polypeptide response to modified sham feeding in diabetic gastroenteropathy and non-ulcer dyspepsia.

Background: The relationship between cardiovascular and gastrointestinal (ie, plasma pancreatic polypeptide [PP] response to modified sham feeding [MSF]) indices of vagal function is unclear. Hyperglycemia inhibits PP secretion via vagally mediated mechanisms. Our aims were to (a) compare the PP response, (b) its relationship with glycemia, and (c) the relationship between PP response to MSF, gastric emptying (GE) of solids, and symptoms during GE study in healthy controls, patients with diabetic gastroenteropathy (DM), and non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD).

Relationship between symptoms during a gastric emptying study and intestinal chemosensitivity with daily symptoms.

Background: Non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD) is a heterogeneous disorder, which is characterized by upper gastrointestinal symptoms and sensorimotor disturbances, including abnormal gastric emptying (GE) and increased intestinal chemosensitivity, and associated with greater plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels during duodenal lipid infusion. However, the relationship(s) between these disturbances and daily symptoms in NUD is variable. We hypothesize that abnormal GE and symptoms during a GE study and during duodenal lipid infusion are associated with the severity of daily symptoms and that GLP-1 mediates symptoms during duodenal lipid infusion in NUD.

Effects of psychosensory stimulation on anal pressures: Effects of alfuzosin.

Background: Our aim is to explain the lack of clarity in the ways in which anxiety and depression, which are common in defecatory disorders (DD), may contribute to the disorder. In this study, we evaluate the effects of mental stress and relaxation on anal pressures and the mechanisms thereof.

Methods: In 38 healthy women and 36 DD patients, rectoanal pressures were assessed at rest and during mental stressors (ie, word-color conflict [Stroop] and mental arithmetic tests) and mental relaxation, before and after randomization to placebo or the adrenergic α -antagonist alfuzosin.

Anorectal pressures measured with high-resolution manometry in healthy people-Normal values and asymptomatic pelvic floor dysfunction.

Background: High-resolution manometry (HRM) is used to measure rectoanal pressures in defecatory disorders and fecal incontinence. This study sought to define normal values for rectoanal HRM, ascertain the effects of age and BMI on rectoanal pressures, and compare pressures in asymptomatic women with normal and prolonged balloon expulsion time (BET).

Methods: High-resolution manometry pressures and BET were measured in 163 asymptomatic healthy participants.

Predictors of Progression in Barrett's Esophagus.

Purpose Of Review: To review recently published data on factors that predict the risk of progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) to high grade dysplasia (HGD) or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).

Recent Findings: Computer models have been developed that could help predict the risk of progression with greater accuracy. The progression of BE score (PIB) is one such model based on clinical and endoscopic features, while a second uses automated image analysis of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues looking for morphologic features and immunostaining patterns for molecular markers.

GI Dysfunctions in Diabetic Gastroenteropathy, Their Relationships With Symptoms, and Effects of a GLP-1 Antagonist.

Context: Delayed gastric emptying (GE) is common but often asymptomatic in diabetes. The relationship between symptoms, glycemia, and neurohormonal functions, including glucagonlike peptide 1 (GLP-1), are unclear.

Objectives: To assess whether GE disturbances, symptoms during a GE study, and symptoms during enteral lipid infusion explain daily symptoms and whether GLP-1 mediates symptoms during enteral lipid infusion.

Effects of Alfuzosin, an α-Adrenergic Antagonist, on Anal Pressures and Bowel Habits in Women With and Without Defecatory Disorders.

Background & Aims: Some patients with defecatory disorders (DD) have high anal pressures that may impede rectal evacuation. Alpha-1 adrenoreceptors mediate as much as 50% of anal resting pressure in humans. We performed a randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of alfuzosin, an alpha1-adrenergic receptor antagonist, on anal pressures alone in healthy women and also on bowel symptoms in women with DD.

Common Functional Gastroenterological Disorders Associated With Abdominal Pain.

Although abdominal pain is a symptom of several structural gastrointestinal disorders (eg, peptic ulcer disease), this comprehensive review will focus on the 4 most common nonstructural, or functional, disorders associated with abdominal pain: functional dyspepsia, constipation-predominant and diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome, and functional abdominal pain syndrome. Together, these conditions affect approximately 1 in 4 people in the United States. They are associated with comorbid conditions (eg, fibromyalgia and depression), impaired quality of life, and increased health care utilization.

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome due to Thrombosis: A Rare Paraneoplastic Presentation of Bronchogenic Carcinoma.

Superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome is not an uncommon occurrence in patients with malignancy and it is often described as a medical emergency. In majority of the cases, SVC syndrome occurs due to mechanical obstruction of the SVC by extraluminal compression with primary intrathoracic malignancies. However, intraluminal obstruction due to thrombosis can also produce symptoms and signs of SVC syndrome.

Characterization and use of HapT1-derived homologous tumors as a preclinical model to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of drugs against pancreatic tumor desmoplasia.

Desmoplasia in human pancreatic cancer (PC) promotes cancer progression and hinders effective drug delivery. The objectives of this study were to characterize a homologous orthotopic model of PC in Syrian golden hamster and investigate the effect of anti-fibrotic (pirfenidone), antioxidant (N-acetyl cysteine, NAC) and anti-addiction (disulfiram, DSF) drugs on desmoplasia and tumor growth in this model. The HapT1 PC cells when implanted orthotopically into hamsters formed tumors with morphological, cellular and molecular similarities to human PC.

A Clinical Process Change and Educational Intervention to Reduce the Use of Unnecessary Preoperative Tests.

Background: Internal medicine residents receive limited training on how to be good stewards of health care dollars while preserving high-quality care.

Intervention: We implemented a clinical process change and an educational intervention focused on the appropriate use of preoperative diagnostic testing by residents at a Veterans Administration (VA) medical center.

Methods: The clinical process change consisted of reducing routine ordering of preoperative tests in the absence of specific indications.

A 50-year-old man presenting with rash after exposure to sunlight.

Photodermatoses is a condition characterized by development of a skin rash following exposure to sunlight. Here we present the case of a patient who presented with pigmented, pruritic, blistering rash that developed shortly after exposure to sunlight. Careful history revealed that the patient was on suppressive therapy with doxycycline for osteomyelitis.

Analysis of NHANES 1999-2002 data reveals noteworthy association of alcohol consumption with obesity.

Background: With the obesity pandemic sweeping the globe and alcohol use on the rise worldwide, there is growing interest in how the two might be linked epidemiologically. The aim of the study was to use data from the NHANES registry from 1999-2002 to analyze the association between obesity and alcohol use.

Methods: Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between alcohol use and obesity.

analysis identifies genes common between five primary gastrointestinal cancer sites with potential clinical applications.

Background: Previous studies have investigated differential gene expression in gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cancers by microarray. The aim of the present study was to use data from the Oncomine database to identify genes that share a similar differential expression in two or more primary GI cancer sites.

Methods: Five thousand of the most differentially expressed genes in epithelial cancers (compared to normal tissue) arising in the pancreas, liver, stomach, esophagus or colorectum were identified (1,000 per primary site) from Oncomine.