Additive Manufacturing of SmartEx QD 100 Designed Oral Three-Dimensional Printlets Containing Isoniazid for Immediate Gastric Release by Selective Laser Sintering.

The selection of appropriate materials and compatibility of selected materials with drugs and formulations are limiting steps in three-dimensional printing technology. In this study, SmartEx QD 100 (SM QD 100) was introduced as a novel, coprocessed, unexplored excipient that can be used in SLS-mediated 3D printing. The current study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of fabricating SM QD 100 containing INH-embedded SLS-mediated immediate gastric release tablets.

3D printed tinidazole tablets coupled with melt-extrusion techniques for formulating child friendly medicines.

This study investigates the feasibility of fabrication of poly(1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (Kollidon®25)-mediated filaments for producing tinidazole (TNZ)-loaded, customizable, child-friendly tablets (with varying shapes and sizes) using hot melt extrusion (HME) coupled with fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. Kollidon®25, chosen for its ability to enhance the dissolution of TNZ (a BCS Class II drug), was evaluated for polymer-drug compatibility through Hansen solubility, polarity, and interaction parameter analyses, confirming good miscibility and affinity between TNZ and Kollidon®25. Placebo- and TNZ-loaded filaments were prepared in different ratios using HME, followed by the development of 3D-printed tablets via FDM.

Systematic evaluations and integration of Assam indigenous Joha rice starch in intelligent packaging films for monitoring food freshness using beetroot extract.

It is becoming increasingly important to have starch sources with different physicochemical properties to meet the needs of new applications in food, packaging, bioplastic, and pharmaceutical industries. The first part of this study dealt with the isolation of starch from culturally, geographically, nutritionally esteemed, and high-yielding Assam Joha rice. Fine and uniform particle size (6.

Synthesis and characterization of a pH/temperature-dual responsive hydrogel with promising biocompatibility features for stimuli-responsive 5-FU delivery.

The tunable properties of stimuli-responsive copolymers or hydrogels enable their application in different fields such as biomedical engineering, tissue engineering, or even drug release. Here we introduce a new PNIPAM-based triblock copolymer material comprising a controlled amount of a novel hydrophobic crosslinker 2,4'-diacryloyloxy benzophenone (DABP) and acrylic acid (AAc) to achieve lower critical solution temperature (LCST) between ambient and body temperatures. The dual stimuli-responsive p(NIPAM--DABP--AAc) triblock copolymer material and hydrogel were synthesized, and their temperature and pH-responsive behaviors were systematically investigated.

Sketching feasibility of additively manufactured different size gradient conventional hollow capsular shells (HCSs) by selective laser sintering (SLS): From design to applications.

Additive manufacturing (AM) is widely used to fabricate 3D printed objects from Computer-aided Design (CAD) prepared using the SolidWorks CAD modelling software. Different printing techniques are used to fabricate desired 3D objects; among all these techniques, it is widely accepted that SLS is one of the most effective methods of 3D printing for fabricating drug-loaded solid oral dosage forms (SODFs) in bulk quantities using the single-step process. Different SODFs, such as pills, miniprintlets, dual miniprintlets, and tablets, were fabricated with different sizes and shapes.

Recombinant VEGF-C (Cys156Ser) improves mesenteric lymphatic drainage and gut immune surveillance in experimental cirrhosis.

Background & Aims: Lymphatic vessels (LVs) are crucial for maintaining abdominal fluid homoeostasis and immunity. In cirrhosis, mesenteric LVs (mLVs) are dilated and dysfunctional. Given the established role of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in improving LVs, we hypothesised that VEGF-C treatment could ameliorate the functions of mLVs in cirrhosis.

Bootstrap Statistics and Its Application in Disintegration and Dissolution Data Analysis.

Disintegration time (DT) and rate of drug dissolution in different media are among the most widely studied crucial parameters for various types of drug products. In the ever-evolving landscape of generic formulation development, dissolution comparison of reference and test products is the major reliable in vitro method of establishing product similarity. This is one of the most widely accepted methods of proving pharma equivalency between two drug products.

Curcumin nanoparticles as a multipurpose additive to achieve high-fidelity SLA-3D printing and controlled delivery.

Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing has been under use extensively to fabricate complex geometrical constructs which find a vast application in the fields of drug delivery and tissue engineering fields due to its ability to recapitulate the intricate biological architecture and thus provides avenues to achieve previously unachievable biomedical devices. The inherent problem associated with light-based 3D printing (from a biomedical perspective) is that of light scattering causing inaccurate and defective prints which results in erroneous drug loading in 3D printed dosage forms and can also render the environment of the polymers toxic for the biological cells and tissues. In this regard, an innovative additive comprising of a nature-derived drug-cum-photoabsorber (curcumin) entrapped in naturally derived protein (bovine serum albumin) is envisaged to act as a photoabsorbing system that can improve the printing quality of 3D printed drug delivery formulations (macroporous pills) as well as provide stimuli-responsive release of the same upon oral ingestion.

Four-Dimensional Printed Construct from Temperature-Responsive Self-Folding Feedstock for Pharmaceutical Applications with Machine Learning Modeling.

Four-dimensional (4D) printing, as a newly evolving technology to formulate drug delivery devices, displays distinctive advantages that can autonomously monitor drug release according to the actual physiological circumstances. In this work, we reported our earlier synthesized novel thermo-responsive self-folding feedstock for possible SSE-mediated 3D printing to form a 4D printed construct deploying machine learning (ML) modeling to determine its shape recovery behavior followed by its potential drug delivery applications. Therefore, in the present study, we converted our earlier synthesized temperature-responsive self-folding (both placebo and drug-loaded) feedstock into 4D printed constructs using SSE-mediated 3D printing technology.

Analysis of NSAIDs in Rat Plasma Using 3D-Printed Sorbents by LC-MS/MS: An Approach to Pre-Clinical Pharmacokinetic Studies.

Analytical sample preparation techniques are essential for assessing chemicals in various biological matrices. The development of extraction techniques is a modern trend in the bioanalytical sciences. We fabricated customized filaments using hot-melt extrusion techniques followed by fused filament fabrication-mediated 3D printing technology to rapidly prototype sorbents that extract non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from rat plasma for determining pharmacokinetic profiles.

Selection of appropriate dapsone and poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) ratios for the preparation of amorphous solid dispersions.

Drug-polymer miscibility is a critical requirement for the efficient design and development of amorphous solid dispersions. The objective of the current study was to determine the miscibility between dapsone (DAP) and poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP-VA) through theoretical and experimental approaches, including the use of a thermodynamic phase diagram and Gibbs free energy of mixing. In the theoretical study, the difference in the solubility parameter between the DAP and PVP-VA was 2.

3D Printed Housing Devices for Segregated Compartmental Delivery of Oral Fixed-Dose Anti-Tubercular Drugs Adopting Print and Fill Strategy.

World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, that is, rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH) fixed-dose combination (FDC) therapies in tuberculosis (TB) disease. The absorption of RIF from an FDC incorporates INH, and it is significantly compromised due to its reaction with INH, resulting in a severe loss of RIF under gastric stomach pH condition. Such reduction in the dose of both drugs from FDC formulations has been alleged to be one of the chief obstacles in effective TB treatment.

Extrusion 3D printing of minicaplets for evaluating in vitro & in vivo praziquantel delivery capability.

This study aimed to explore extrusion three dimensional (3D) printing technology to develop praziquantel (PZQ)-loaded minicaplets and evaluate their in vitro and in vivo delivery capabilities. PZQ-loaded minicaplets were 3D printed using a fused deposition modelling (FDM) principle-based extrusion 3D printer and were further characterized by different in vitro physicochemical and sophisticated analytical techniques. In addition, the % PZQ entrapment and in vitro PZQ release performance were evaluated using chromatographic techniques.

Effect of Tartrazine as Photoabsorber for Improved Printing Resolution of 3D Printed "Ghost Tablets": Non-Erodible Inert Matrices.

Stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing of pharmaceuticals suffers from the problem of light scattering, which leads to over-curing, resulting in the printing of objects that are non-compliant with design dimensions and the overloading of drugs. To minimize this problem, photoabsorbers such as tartrazine (food grade) can be used to absorb the stray light produced by scattering, leading to unintended photopolymerization. Ghost tablets (i.

Customized 3D-printed hollow capsular device filled with norfloxacin-loaded micropellets for controlled-release delivery.

Pharmacotherapy has become more focused on the personalized treatment of patients with various diseases. This field of pharmacology and pharmacogenomics focuses on developing drug delivery systems designed to address the unique characteristics of individual patients. Three-dimensional printing technology can be used to fabricate personalized drug delivery systems with desired release properties according to patient needs.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations of Berberine-Loaded Microparticles Filled In-House 3D Printed Hollow Capsular Device for Improved Oral Bioavailability.

The low oral bioavailability, short biological half-life, high dose, and frequent dosing of berberine (BBR) contribute to its restricted clinical use despite its extensive pharmacological activity. Thus, the objective of this study was to formulate sustained-release microparticles (MPs) using a pH-independent release polymer and to evaluate their potential to improve the oral bioavailability of BBR. BBR loaded MPs were prepared using the emulsion crosslinking method and evaluated for particle size, circularity, morphology, entrapment efficiency, solid-state analysis, swelling index, and in vitro BBR release study fitted with different models of release kinetics.

A sensitive UPLC/ESI/MS/MS method for concomitant quantification of active plant constituent combinations in rat plasma after single oral administration.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI/MS/MS) for the concomitant quantification of active plant constituents, namely quercetin and piperine, in rat plasma was developed and validated to assess pharmacokinetics after a single oral administration. Liquid-liquid extraction technique with ethyl acetate and -hexane (1 : 1) was used, and fisetin was added as an internal standard (IS). Effective chromatographic separation of quercetin, piperine and IS was executed on a Waters Acquity BEH C column (50.

3D printing of nanocomposite pills through desktop vat photopolymerization (stereolithography) for drug delivery reasons.

Background: The desktop vat polymerization process or stereolithography printing is an ideal approach to develop multifunctional nanocomposites wherein a conventional solid dosage form is used as a reservoir for compliant administration of drug-loaded nanocarriers.

Methods: In this study, a nanocomposite drug delivery system, that is, hydrogel nanoparticles of an approved nutraceutical, berberine entrapped within vat photopolymerized monoliths, was developed for drug delivery applications. For the fabrication of the nanocomposite drug delivery systems/pills, a biocompatible vat photopolymerized resin was selected as an optimum matrix capable of efficiently delivering berberine from stereolithography mediated 3D printed nanocomposite pill.

Stereolithography-assisted fabrication of 3D printed polymeric film for topical berberine delivery: in-vitro, ex-vivo and in-vivo investigations.

Objectives: 3D printed polymeric film intended for topical delivery of berberine (BBR) was developed using stereolithography (SLA) to enhance its local concentrations. PEGDMA was utilized as photopolymerizing resin, with PEG 400 as an inert component to facilitate BBR solubilization and permeation.

Methods: Three batches of topical films were printed by varying resin and PEG 400 compositions.

Extraction of small molecule from human plasma by prototyping 3D printed sorbent through extruded filament for LC-MS/MS analysis.

Analytical sample preparation techniques are regarded as crucial steps for analyzing compounds from different biological matrices. The development of new extraction techniques is a modern trend in the bioanalytical sciences. 3D printed techniques have emerged as a valuable technology for prototyping devices in customized shapes for a cost-effective way to advance analytical sample preparation techniques.

Immunonano-Lipocarrier-Mediated Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell-Specific RUNX1 Inhibition Impedes Immune Cell Infiltration and Hepatic Inflammation in Murine Model of NASH.

Background: Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX1) regulates inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).

Methods: We performed in vivo targeted silencing of the RUNX1 gene in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) by using vegfr3 antibody tagged immunonano-lipocarriers encapsulated RUNX1 siRNA (RUNX1 siRNA) in murine models of methionine choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH. MCD mice given nanolipocarriers-encapsulated negative siRNA were vehicle, and mice with standard diet were controls.

3D printing and enteric coating of a hollow capsular device with controlled drug release characteristics prepared using extruded Eudragit® filaments.

This work focuses on the extrusion of a brittle, tacky, cationic copolymer i.e. Eudragit® E-100 to prepare filament and subsequent 3D printing of hollow capsular device using the extruded filament.

Theoretical and experimental validation of praziquantel with different polymers for selection of an appropriate matrix for hot-melt extrusion.

The selection of an appropriate matrix for the preparation of amorphous extrudate in hot-melt extrusion (HME) deals with the study of various solid-state properties of drugs and polymers. Therefore, it is necessary to have an appropriate knowledge of drug-polymer miscibility, the interaction between the drug-polymer on mixing, and Gibb's free thermal energy of mixing to screen polymers through thermodynamic phase diagrams, to be suitable amorphous matrix system for HME. Here, we evaluated the possibility of three different polymers, namely, Eudragit®EPO, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Kollicoat®IR (KIR) with Praziquantel (PZQ), with proper validation of the Flory-Huggins theory and construction of the phase diagram using the melting point depression approach to determine a suitable matrix for HME.

Quercetin and piperine enriched nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to improve apoptosis in oral squamous cellular carcinoma (FaDu cells) with improved biodistribution profile.

Oral squamous cellular carcinoma (OSCC) is considered a life-threatening disease with detection in late stages, which forces us to opt for dangerous treatment with a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Herbal components such as piperine and quercetin are derived from edible sources, proving their anticancer potential against oral cancer cells in vitro. Encapsulation into lipid matrix-mediated nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) can make both drugs bio-accessible.

3D printed hollow microneedles array using stereolithography for efficient transdermal delivery of rifampicin.

A 3D printed assembly of hollow microneedles (HMNs) array, conjoined with a reservoir void, was designed and additively manufactured using stereolithography (SLA) technology utilizing a proprietary class-I resin. The HMNs array was utilized for transdermal delivery of high molecular weight antibiotics, i.e.