Synthesis, and anti-cancer studies of phosphorylated derivatives of didanosine targeting MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

A series of new phosphorylated derivatives of didanosine were designed, synthesized and evaluated their anticancer effects on human breast cancer cells. Their binding affinities were evaluated against aromatase enzyme and the molecular docking studies demonstrated that , and exhibited high binding interactions than the parent molecule (ddI) and other derivatives; evaluated the aromatase enzyme inhibition. The cell viability, cell proliferation, lactate dehydrogenase showed potential anti-proliferative in dose dependent manner, these results were well correlated with hoesch stain and DNA fragmentation on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines.

Critical weather limits for paddy rice under diverse ecosystems of India.

Rice yields are largely influenced by variability in weather. Here, we demonstrate the effect of weather variables viz., maximum and minimum temperatures, rainfall, morning and evening relative humidity, bright sunshine hours on the yield of rice cv.

Taylor-Gorilla troops optimized deep learning network for surface roughness estimation.

In order to guarantee the desired quality of machined products, a reliable surface roughness assessment is essential. Using a surface profile metre with a contact stylus, which can produce accurate measurements of surface profiles, is the most popular technique for determining the surface roughness of machined items. One of the limitations of this technique is the work piece surface degradation brought on by mechanical contact between the stylus and the surface.

Identifying appropriate prediction models for estimating hourly temperature over diverse agro-ecological regions of India.

The present study tests the accuracy of four models in estimating the hourly air temperatures in different agroecological regions of the country during two major crop seasons, kharif and rabi, by taking daily maximum and minimum temperatures as input. These methods that are being used in different crop growth simulation models were selected from the literature. To adjust the biases of estimated hourly temperature, three bias correction methods (Linear regression, Linear scaling and Quantile mapping) were used.

Pest scenario of Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) on pigeonpea during future climate change periods under RCP based projections in India.

Gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) is the major insect pest of pigeonpea and prediction of number of generations (no. of gen.

Understanding the factors contributing to groundwater salinity in the coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India.

The present study focused on understanding the factors responsible for groundwater salinity in the coastal region, Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Groundwater samples were collected and analysed for pH, EC, TDS, TA, TH, CH, NCH, EA, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO, Cl, SO, NO, and F. Groundwater quality was assessed using entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI), Chadha and Gibbs diagrams, ionic ratios, chloro-alkaline indices (CA), saturation indices (SI), principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).

DRR Dhan 58, a Seedling Stage Salinity Tolerant NIL of Improved Samba Mahsuri Shows Superior Performance in Multi-location Trials.

Background: Improved Samba Mahsuri (ISM) is an elite, high-yielding, bacterial blight resistant, fine-grained rice variety with low glycaemic index. It is highly sensitive to salt stress, particularly at seedling stage, which significantly reduces its yield potential in coastal areas. A salinity tolerant QTL, Saltol, associated with seedling stage tolerance was previously mapped on chromosome 1 (10.

Targeting hydrophobicity in biofilm-associated protein (Bap) as a novel antibiofilm strategy against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm.

In this study, a comprehensive in silico characterization was performed on Bap-family proteins to develop novel approaches to deal with Staphylococcus biofilms with a better understanding of the functional, structural, and topological features of Bap proteins. This study showed that Bap-like proteins in staphylococci are highly acidic, large, and cell-wall anchored proteins with tandem repeats. Structurally, Bap-family proteins have two distinct parts.

SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the city of Hyderabad, India in early 2021.

Background: COVID-19 emerged as a global pandemic in 2020, spreading rapidly to most parts of the world. The proportion of infected individuals in a population can be reliably estimated via serosurveillance, making it a valuable tool for planning control measures. Our serosurvey study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the urban population of Hyderabad at the end of the first wave of infections.

Evaluating area-specific adaptation strategies for rainfed maize under future climates of India.

This study investigates the spatio-temporal changes in maize yield under projected climate and identified the potential adaptation measures to reduce the negative impact. Future climate data derived from 30 general circulation models were used to assess the impact of future climate on yield in 16 major maize growing districts of India. DSSAT model was used to simulate maize yield and evaluate adaptation strategies during mid (2040-69) and end-centuries (2070-99) under RCP 4.

Estimation of groundwater pollution levels and specific ionic sources in the groundwater, using a comprehensive approach of geochemical ratios, pollution index of groundwater, unmix model and land use/land cover - A case study.

This study aimed to evaluate the degree of groundwater pollution and to assess the contribution of specific ionic sources to groundwater, thereby helping to identify the changes in groundwater chemistry and also in groundwater quality from a rural part of Telangana, India, using the comprehensive understanding of geochemical ratios (GR), pollution index of groundwater (PIG), unmix model (UM), and land use/land cover. Groundwater samples collected (22) from the study area were analysed for pH, EC, TDS, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO, Cl, SO, NO, and F The hydrogeochemical diagram showed the dominant groundwater type of Ca- Mg- HCO due to the water-soil-rock interactions. GR, chloro-alkaline indices, and saturation indices revealed the groundwater chemistry that explains the mineral weathering and dissolution, ion exchange, and evaporation processes as the chief geogenic origin, and also the contamination of surface water due to the influence of household wastewater, septic tank leaks, irrigation-return-flows, chemical composts, etc.

anti- activity enhancement of curcumin by its monoketone tetramethoxy analog diveratralacetone.

Chagas disease is a tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite and currently affects millions of people worldwide. Curcumin (CUR), the major constituent of turmeric spice (dry powder of L. plant rhizomes and roots), exhibits antiparasitic activity against protozoan parasites .

Multiparent-Derived, Marker-Assisted Introgression Lines of the Elite Indian Rice Cultivar, 'Krishna Hamsa' Show Resistance against Bacterial Blight and Blast and Tolerance to Drought.

Major biotic stresses viz., bacterial blight (BB) and blast and brown plant hopper (BPH) coupled with abiotic stresses like drought stress, significantly affect rice yields. To address this, marker-assisted intercross (IC) breeding involving multiple donors was used to combine three BB resistance genes- and , two blast resistance genes- and , two BPH resistance genes- and , and four drought tolerant quantitative trait loci (QTL)- and -in the genetic background of the elite Indian rice cultivar 'Krishna Hamsa'.

Judging the sources of inferior groundwater quality and health risk problems through intake of groundwater nitrate and fluoride from a rural part of Telangana, India.

Evaluation of groundwater quality and related health hazards is a prerequisite for taking preventive measures. The rural region of Telangana, India, has been selected for the present study to assess the sources and origins of inferior groundwater quality and to understand the human health risk zones for adults and children due to the consumption of nitrate ([Formula: see text])- and fluoride (F)-contaminated groundwater for drinking purposes. Groundwater samples collected from the study region were determined for various chemical parameters.

Phage therapy in the Covid-19 era: Advantages over antibiotics.

Today, the entire world is battling to contain the spread of COVID-19. Massive efforts are being made to find a therapeutic solution in the shortest possible time. However, the research community is becoming increasingly concerned about taking a shortsighted strategy without contemplating the long-term consequences.

Oriental freshwater mussels arose in East Gondwana and arrived to Asia on the Indian Plate and Burma Terrane.

Freshwater mussels cannot spread through oceanic barriers and represent a suitable model to test the continental drift patterns. Here, we reconstruct the diversification of Oriental freshwater mussels (Unionidae) and revise their taxonomy. We show that the Indian Subcontinent harbors a rather taxonomically poor fauna, containing 25 freshwater mussel species from one subfamily (Parreysiinae).

Application of coating technology to chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems: Recent publications and patents.

In general, extended release systems have the ability to maintain the drug concentration with in therapeutic range for prolonged period of time, but this may not be the primary requisite for circadian rhythm diseases like asthma, hypertension and rheumatoid arthritis, etc. They require prompt release of drug as per the disease condition, which can be achieved by programmed lag time. Chronotherapeutic drug delivery systems (CDDS) can be achieved by several methods, coating is one amongst them.

Evaluation of spatial spreading of phyto-available sulphur and micronutrients in cultivated coastal soils.

Understanding the spatial spreading patterns of plant-available sulphur (S) (AS) and plant-available micronutrients (available zinc (AZn), available iron (AFe), available copper (ACu), available manganese (AMn) and available boron (AB)) in soils, especially in coastal agricultural soils subjected to various natural and anthropogenic activities, is vital for sustainable crop production by adopting site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) strategies. We studied the spatial distribution patterns of AS, AZn, AFe, ACu, AMn, and AB in cultivated soils of coastal districts of India using geostatistical approaches. Altogether 39,097 soil samples from surface (0 to 15 cm depth) layers were gathered from farm lands of 68 coastal districts.

Advanced process analytical tools for identification of adulterants in edible oils - A review.

This review summarizes the use of spectroscopic processes-based analytical tools coupled with chemometric techniques for the identification of adulterants in edible oil. Investigational approaches of process analytical tools such asspectroscopy techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), hyperspectral imaging (HSI), e-tongue and e-nose combined with chemometrics were used to monitor quality of edible oils. Owing to the variety and intricacy of edible oil properties along with the alterations in attributes of the PAT tools, the reliability of the tool used and the operating factors are the crucial components which require attention to enhance the efficiency in identification of adulterants.

Appraisal of vulnerable zones of non-cancer-causing health risks associated with exposure of nitrate and fluoride in groundwater from a rural part of India.

The present investigation carried out from a rural part of Nalgonda district, Telangana, India was to know the general groundwater quality and also to measure the vulnerable zones of non-cancer-causing health risks with respect to infants, children, and adults due to the consumption of nitrate and fluoride contaminated groundwater. Groundwater samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for the major physicochemical parameters. Nitrate and fluoride contents ranged from 2 to 700 mg/L and 0.

Assessment of biogrowth assemblages with depth in a seawater intake system of a coastal power station.

Marine biogrowth infestation of a seawater intake system was investigated. A digital camera fixed onto a skid was used to record the biogrowth at intervals of 5m up to a depth of 55m. Divers inspected the intake shaft and collected the biogrowth samples for biomass estimation.

Pest scenario of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) on groundnut under representative concentration pathways (RCPs) based climate change scenarios.

Multi-model ensemble of Maximum (Tmax) and Minimum (Tmin) temperature data of four Representative Concentration Pathways viz., RCP 2.6, RCP 4.