Long-Acting Injectable Prep for People Who Inject Drugs at a Syringe Services Program: A Qualitative Acceptability and Feasibility Study.

Although people who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk of acquiring HIV, knowledge and uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention among this population remain low due to numerous psychosocial and structural barriers. Multiple implementation strategies have been proposed to address this gap, notably providing long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations of PrEP and offering PrEP at syringe services programs (SSPs). This qualitative study explores the acceptability and feasibility of offering LAI-PrEP for PWID at risk for HIV at Florida's first legal SSP.

Shape-responsive host-guest chemistry: metal-free tetracationic porphyrin nonplanarity promoted by clay mineral interactions assessed by theoretical simulations.

Distortions in the porphyrin core from planarity can trigger a unique structure-property relationship, imparting its basicity, chemical stability, redox potential, and excited-state energetics, among other properties. The colour change promoted by such distortion is signed by red shifts in its electronic absorption spectra. The adsorption of guest -substituted free-base porphyrin species onto inorganic hosts, such as clay minerals (layered aluminium or magnesium silicates), is known to further promote colour changes.

State and territory immunization program activities and their association with human papillomavirus vaccine initiation in the United States of America: A multilevel approach.

This study evaluates the association between immunization program (IP) activities aimed at increasing HPV vaccination among adolescents and their impact on initiation rates. Our data sources are: (i) 2016 AIM Annual Survey and (ii) 2019 National Immunization Survey-Teen. We estimated the prevalence of HPV vaccine initiation using a multilevel Poisson model, combining state-level IP data and individual characteristics of adolescents.

Impacts of acid mine drainage remediation in the largest gold mine of Latin America on natural water bodies in the Dominican Republic.

Impacts of the acid mine drainage (AMD) remediation are investigated on the largest gold mine in Latin America, located in the Dominican Republic. Geochemical analysis of suspended matter in water performed in 2022 on water bodies located downstream to the mine, namely, the Margajita River and Lake Hatillo, are compared with analyses made in 2007, before the AMD remediation. The results for the Margajita River show a strong decrease in heavy metal and metalloid concentrations in the dissolved phase for Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Sb, and Pb (between 89.

Current Utilization of Bupropion Treatment in Children, Young Adults, and Adults in the United States.

While available for decades, the use of bupropion has increased in recent years. To provide an updated review on the use of bupropion, this article aimed to describe bupropion prescription details, potential indication, and treatment duration in children, young adults, and adults starting bupropion treatment. Individuals aged 6-64 newly initiating bupropion hydrochloride treatment were identified from commercial claims data (MarketScan, 1/1/2016-12/31/2022).

Sex differences in parental reasons for lack of intent to initiate HPV vaccination among adolescents ages 13-17 years: National Immunization Survey - Teen 2019-2021.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate parents' main reasons for lack of intent to vaccinate their adolescent against human papillomavirus (HPV) from 2019 to 2021 and to examine changes in these main reasons stratified by sex of the adolescent.

Methods: NIS-Teen data from 2019 to 2021 were used. Parents who had not vaccinated their adolescent aged 13-17 against HPV and had no intent to do so in the next 12 months were asked the main reason behind this decision.

Genomic regions associated with Holstein heifer times bred to artificial insemination and embryo transfer services.

This study aimed to identify loci (p < 1 × 10) and gene sets (normalized enrichment score (NES) ≥ 3.0) associated with the number of times a heifer is bred to attain a successful pregnancy (TBRD) for Holstein heifers bred by artificial insemination (AI, n = 2754) or that were embryo transfer (ET, n = 1566) recipients. Eight loci were associated (p < 1 × 10) with TBRD in AI bred heifers and four loci were associated with TBRD in ET recipients.

Clinical measures in chronic neuropathic pain are related to the Kennedy and endocannabinoid pathways.

Background: Chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) is a debilitating condition, often refractory to currently available drugs. Understanding biochemical alterations in peripheral tissues such as blood will be useful for understanding underlying pathophysiological processes relating to CNP.

Methods: We collected blood from two independent cohorts of CNP and pain-free controls (CNP n = 129/Controls n = 127) in the UK and Ireland to investigate the relationship between CNP-associated molecular/biochemical alterations and a range of clinical and pain metric parameters.

Predictors of Injection Visit Adherence in Those Receiving Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine.

Background: There is limited data evaluating potential predictors of adherence to injection visits and the impact of late injections on viral suppression in those receiving long-acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) for the treatment of HIV.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult people with HIV receiving LAI CAB/RPV for at least 6 months between May 2021 and August 2023. Data collected included demographics, office visit no-shows 1 year before switching to LAI CAB/RPV, injection visit no-shows, injections outside the dosing window, and virologic outcomes.

Ecotoxicological and metabolomic investigation of chronic exposure of Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820) to yttrium environmental concentrations.

In order to estimate the effects on aquatic organisms of long-term exposure to low doses of yttrium (Y) as a potential emerging contaminant, ecotoxicological and metabolomic data were collected on the model organism Daphnia magna, a keystone species in freshwater ecosystems. Following an initial acute toxicity assessment, a 21-day chronic exposure experiment was conducted using a sublethal concentration of 27 μg L⁻¹ of Y, corresponding to the effective concentrations inducing 10 % effect (EC) value for mortality endpoint and simulating the environmental Y level in aquatic systems. Results from the 21-day two-factor experiment combining microcrustacean survival, growth and reproduction bioassays and targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics indicated significant adverse effects of chronic exposure to Y on D.

Limited acceptance of buprenorphine in recovery residences in South Florida: A secret shopper survey.

Background: Buprenorphine is a first-line treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), essential for reducing opioid overdose mortality and improving treatment retention. Despite federal policies that mandate the acceptance of buprenorphine in recovery residences, individuals in South Florida taking this medication often face significant barriers to admission. This study uses a secret shopper survey to examine whether federal policies regarding prescribed buprenorphine use are being violated in South Florida recovery residences.

Accessibility of methadone treatment via public transit for syringe services program participants in Miami-Dade County, Florida.

Methadone is an opioid receptor agonist medication used in the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). Geographic distance to opioid treatment programs (OTPs) is a major barrier to treatment, given requirements for direct observation of dosing and periodic drug screens, and 'methadone treatment deserts' are defined as a public transit threshold of 30 minutes. The purpose of this study was to examine public transit access to methadone treatment for participants of a syringe services program (SSP) in Miami-Dade County, Florida.

CD19 CAR T cells for B cell malignancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis focused on clinical impacts of CAR structural domains, manufacturing conditions, cellular product, doses, patient's age, and tumor types.

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) T cells are one of the most remarkable cellular therapies for managing B cell malignancies. However, long-term disease-free survival is still a challenge to overcome. Here, we evaluated the influence of different hinge, transmembrane (TM), and costimulatory CAR domains, as well as manufacturing conditions, cellular product type, doses, patient's age, and tumor types on the clinical outcomes of patients with B cell cancers treated with CD19 CAR T cells.

Comparative Safety of In Utero Exposure to Buprenorphine Combined With Naloxone vs Buprenorphine Alone.

Importance: Buprenorphine combined with naloxone is commonly used to treat opioid use disorders outside of pregnancy. In pregnancy, buprenorphine alone is generally recommended because of limited perinatal safety data on the combination product.

Objective: To compare perinatal outcomes following prenatal exposure to buprenorphine with naloxone vs buprenorphine alone.

Novel Criteria to Provide a Locality/Normality Degree in Molecules and Their Relevance in Physical Chemistry.

In contrast to the traditional analysis of molecules using local mode behavior, where the degree of locality is given through a function in terms of Morse potential parameters, new criteria for locality/normality (LN) suitable for application to any molecular system are proposed. The approach is based on analysis of the connection between the algebraic normal and local mode representations. It is shown that both descriptions are equivalent as long as the polyad (total number of quanta) in the local representation is not conserved.

EMPOWER: Enacting Materials to Promote Ownership, Engagement, and Relevance.

Fostering locally relevant and community-centered forms of science learning that develop students' critical science agency problematizes a "one-size-fits-all" model of teacher learning; teachers must examine how community needs and resources, local inequities and justice issues, and curriculum materials can converge to design novel learning opportunities for science learners. This paper presents the core commitments of EMPOWER, a cross-institutional effort that aims to support teachers' sensemaking and adaptations of curriculum materials to promote student ownership, engagement, and relevance at multiple sites across the U.S.

Identifying Regions of the Genome Associated with Conception Rate to the First Service in Holstein Heifers Bred by Artificial Insemination and as Embryo Transfer Recipients.

Heifer conception rate to the first service (HCR1) is defined as the number of heifers that become pregnant to the first breeding service compared to the heifers bred. This study aimed to identify loci associated and gene sets enriched for HCR1 for heifers that were bred by artificial insemination (AI, = 2829) or were embryo transfer (ET, = 2086) recipients, by completing a genome-wide association analysis and gene set enrichment analysis using SNP data (GSEA-SNP). Three unique loci, containing four positional candidate genes, were associated ( < 1 × 10) with HCR1 for ET recipients, while the GSEA-SNP identified four gene sets (NES ≥ 3) and sixty-two leading edge genes (LEGs) enriched for HCR1.

Triple challenges-small sample size in both exposure and control groups to scan rare maternal outcomes in a signal identification approach: a simulation study.

There is a dearth of safety data on maternal outcomes after perinatal medication exposure. Data-mining for unexpected adverse event occurrence in existing datasets is a potentially useful approach. One method, the Poisson tree-based scan statistic (TBSS), assumes that the expected outcome counts, based on incidence of outcomes in the control group, are estimated without error.

Do NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutations modify prognosis in patients treated with non-intensive regimens?

FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations are key to defining the genetic risk profile of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aimed to assess the prognostic features of the FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations in old and/or unfit individuals with AML treated with non-intensive therapies in the era before azacitidine-venetoclax approbation. The results of various non-intensive regimens were also compared.

Invited commentary: it's not all about residual confounding-a plea for quantitative bias analysis for epidemiologic researchers and educators.

Epidemiologists spend a great deal of time on confounding in our teaching, in our methods development, and in our assessment of study results. This may give the impression that uncontrolled confounding is the biggest problem observational epidemiology faces, when in fact, other sources of bias such as selection bias, measurement error, missing data, and misalignment of zero time may often (especially if they are all present in a single study) lead to a stronger deviation from the truth. Compared with the amount of time we spend teaching how to address confounding in data analysis, we spend relatively little time teaching methods for simulating confounding (and other sources of bias) to learn their impact and develop plans to mitigate or quantify the bias.