Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of Nsp2-HVII, ORF5, and ORF7 coding regions of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from Myanmar.

In this study, PRRSVs that spread during the outbreaks of 2011 in Myanmar were investigated. Sequences and phylogenetic analyses of the Nsp2 middle hypervariable region (Nsp2-HVII) encoding gene, ORF5, and ORF7 showed that they belonged to the North American (NA) genotype and were clustered with HP-PRRSV strains from other Southeast Asian countries. The discontinuous 30-amino acid deletions at positions 481 and 533-561 were found in the Nsp2-HVII of all Myanmarese PRRSVs, implying their derivation from HP-PRRSV.

Skills and knowledge of informatics, and training needs of hospital pharmacists in Thailand: A self-assessment survey.

Objective: Because hospital pharmacists have to deal with large amounts of health information and advanced information technology in practice, they must possess adequate skills and knowledge of informatics to operate efficiently. However, most current pharmacy curricula in Thailand barely address the principles and skills concerned with informatics, and Thai pharmacists usually acquire computer literacy and informatics skills through personal-interest training and self-study. In this study, we aimed to assess the skills and knowledge of informatics and the training needs of hospital pharmacists in Thailand, in order to improve curricular and professional development.

Identification of candidate host proteins that interact with LipL32, the major outer membrane protein of pathogenic Leptospira, by random phage display peptide library.

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. Rodent species are the major reservoir hosts that can excrete leptospires in their urine leading to environmental contamination. After gaining entry into the host via skin breaks and mucosa, leptospires disseminate through the bloodstream to target organs causing a wide range of disease manifestations in susceptible mammalian hosts.

Efficient amplification of light and heavy chain variable regions and construction of a non-immune phage scFv library.

Non-immune phage scFv library is one of the most attractive resources for therapeutics, diagnostics and basic research. As a matter of fact, quality of the library is limited by inefficient PCR cloning of antibody genes using degenerated primers. PCR using this type of primers is difficult to optimize conditions for efficient amplification, and therefore causes loss of antibody diversities.

SIMPLEX: single-molecule PCR-linked in vitro expression: a novel method for high-throughput construction and screening of protein libraries.

A novel strategy for construction of protein libraries called "SIMPLEX: single-molecule PCR-linked in vitro expression" is described. A pool of genes is prepared and thereafter extensively diluted to give one molecule of DNA per well. Each individual molecule is separately amplified by PCR (single-molecule PCR) yielding a one-well-one-gene PCR library.

PCR-linked in vitro expression: a novel system for high-throughput construction and screening of protein libraries.

A novel entirely in vitro strategy for generation and screening of a combinatorial protein library in an array format has been developed and is experimentally demonstrated. The strategy exploits virtues of PCR and in vitro coupled transcription/translation. Our new approach provides high-throughput construction and screening of the in vitro protein library, and compatibility with various selection methods.

High-throughput, cloning-independent protein library construction by combining single-molecule DNA amplification with in vitro expression.

A novel, cloning-independent strategy for construction of protein libraries has been developed and demonstrated experimentally. A pool of genes is prepared and thereafter extensively diluted to give one molecule of DNA per well. Each individual molecule is amplified separately by polymerase chain reaction (single-molecule PCR) yielding a PCR library.