Microbial communities during the composting process of and their effects on mushroom agronomic and nutritional qualities.

Introduction: Tunnel composting technology for preparing cultivation media can achieve a higher biological efficiency (BE) and a lower contamination rate (CR). However, this technology lacks in-depth and systematic study.

Methods: In the present study, the changes in the microbiome and microbial metabolic functions were surveyed using metagenomic analysis.

Valorization of Leaf Powder as a Substrate in King Oyster Mushroom () Cultivation.

is widely planted as a colorful foliage tree, and its leaf can be used as a biomass energy source, but it has been underutilized for a long time. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of garden waste as a substrate component in the cultivation process of the king oyster mushroom (), with the goal of enhancing both the yield of and the efficiency of energy use. The percentages of leaf powder in the substrate were 10.

Diversity of species associated with green mold contaminating substrates of and their interaction.

Introduction: The contamination of species causing green mold in substrates poses a significant obstacle to the global production of , adversely impacting both yield and quality of fruiting bodies. However, the diversity of species in the contaminated substrates of (CSL) in China is not clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the biodiversity of species in CSL, and their interactions with .

Label-free comparative proteomic analysis of Pleurotus eryngii grown on sawdust, bagasse, and peanut shell substrates.

The white rot fungi Pleurotus eryngii are environmental microorganisms that can effectively break down lignocellulosic biomass. However, understanding of the mechanisms by which P. eryngii is effective in degrading lignocellulose is still limited.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals tumor heterogeneity, microenvironment, and drug-resistance mechanisms of recurrent glioblastoma.

Glioblastomas are highly heterogeneous brain tumors. Despite the availability of standard treatment for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), i.e.

Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Carrying circ_0000075 Relieves Cerebral Ischemic Injury by Competitively Inhibiting miR-218-5p and Up-regulating E3 Ubiquitin Ligase SMURF2.

Extracellular vesicle (EV)-encapsulated circRNAs have the potential role in affecting brain disorders. However, the role of circ_0000075 in cerebral ischemic injury remains unclear. Here, we tried to investigate the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived EVs carrying circ_0000075 in the control of cerebral ischemic injury.

Three New Species in Harzianum Clade Associated with the Contaminated Substrates of Edible Fungi.

is known worldwide as biocontrol agents of plant diseases, producers of enzymes and antibiotics, and competitive contaminants of edible fungi. In this investigation of contaminated substrates of edible fungi from North China, 39 strains belonging to 10 species isolated from four kinds of edible fungi were obtained, and three novel species belonging to the Harzianum clade were isolated from the contaminated substrates of and . They were recognized based on integrated studies of phenotypic features, culture characteristics, and molecular analyses of RNA polymerase II subunit B and translation elongation factor 1-α genes.

De Novo Assembly Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Preliminary Molecular Mechanism of Primordium Formation in .

Primordium formation is extremely important for yield of . However, the molecular mechanism underlying primordium formation is largely unknown. This study investigated the transcriptional properties during primordium formation of by comparing transcriptome.

Exploring the pathological relationships between adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma and contiguous structures with tumor origin.

Purpose: Identifying relationships between craniopharyngiomas (CPs) and contiguous structures, and tumor origin are crucial for treatments. This study attempted to explore the relationships and tumor origin.

Methods: CPs that underwent endoscopic surgeries were enrolled.

High D-arabitol production with osmotic pressure control fed-batch fermentation by Yarrowia lipolytica and proteomic analysis under nitrogen source perturbation.

D-arabitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol, is widely used in food and pharmacy industry as a lower calorie sweetener or intermediate. Appropriate osmotic pressure was confirmed to facilitate polyol production by an osmophilic yeast strain of Yarrowia lipolytica with glycerol. In this study, an osmotic pressure control fed-batch fermentation strategy was used for high D-arabitol producing by Y.

Downregulation of lncRNA MEG3 is involved in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MEG3 regulates human cancers, while its role in Parkinson's disease (PD) is unknown. The present study explored the involvement of MEG3 in PD.

Methods: This study enrolled PD patients (n = 79) and healthy controls (n = 62) who were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from May 2016 to March 2018.

Immune Infiltration of MMP14 in Pan Cancer and Its Prognostic Effect on Tumors.

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) is a member of the MMP family, which interacts with tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs), and is involved in normal physiological functions such as cell migration, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and proliferation, as well as tumor genesis and progression. However, there has been a lack of relevant reports on the effect of MMP14 across cancers. This study aims to explore the correlation between MMP14 and pan-cancer prognosis, immune infiltration, and the effects of pan-cancer gene mismatch repair (MMR), microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), DNA methylation, and immune checkpoint genes.

Erratum: MicroRNA-181 inhibits the proliferation, drug sensitivity and invasion of human glioma cells by targeting Selenoprotein K (SELK).

[This corrects the article on p. 6632 in vol. 11, PMID: 31737213.

Identification of the Extradural and Intradural Extension of Pituitary Adenomas to the Suprasellar Region: Classification, Surgical Strategies, and Outcomes.

Objective: Suprasellar pituitary adenomas (PAs) can be located in either extradural or intradural spaces, which impacts surgical strategies and outcomes. This study determined how to distinguish these two different types of PAs and analyzed their corresponding surgical strategies and outcomes.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 389 patients who underwent surgery for PAs with suprasellar extension between 2016 to 2020 at our center.

The effects of aging and dopaminergic inhibition on large scale maze learning in rhesus monkeys.

Studies have shown that both aging and dopaminergic dysfunction affected spatial learning and memory. Systematic dopaminergic inhibition, by dopamine receptor (DR) antagonist treatment, impaired spatial delayed-response (SDR) performance, which mostly requires self/body centered egocentric reference frame, in rhesus monkeys. However, the influence of DR blocking on large scale maze learning, which mainly involves world centered allocentric reference frame, remains unclear.

MMP12 is a potential therapeutic target for Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: Conclusions from bioinformatics analysis and experiments.

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is considered a benign intracranial tumor, but it can also exhibit aggressive characteristics. Due to its unique location in the suprasellar, which brings it close to important nerves and vascular structures, ACP can often lead to significant neuroendocrine diseases. The current treatments primarily include surgical intervention, radiation therapy or a combination of the two, but these can lead to serious complications and adversely affect the quality of life of patients.

Extracellular vesicles derived from M2 microglia reduce ischemic brain injury through microRNA-135a-5p/TXNIP/NLRP3 axis.

Accumulating evidences have suggested that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial players in the pathogenesis of ischemic brain injury. This study was designed to explore the specific functions of M2 phenotype microglia-derived EVs in ischemic brain injury progression. The expression of microRNA-135a-5p (miR-135a-5p) in M2 microglia-derived EVs was determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), followed by the identification of expression relationship among miR-135a-5p, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.

Hypothalamic injury patterns after resection of craniopharyngiomas and correlation to tumor origin: A study based on endoscopic observation.

The precise understanding of hypothalamic injury (HI) patterns and their relationship with different craniopharyngioma (CP) classifications remains poorly addressed. Here, four HI patterns after CP resection based on endoscopic observation were introduced. A total of 131 CP cases treated with endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) were reviewed retrospectively and divided into four HI patterns: no-HI, mild-HI, unilateral-HI and bilateral-HI, according to intraoperative findings.

miRNA Profiling of Circulating Small Extracellular Vesicles From Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Rats Using Next-Generation Sequencing.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced during abnormal and normal physiological conditions. Understanding the expression profile of microRNA (miRNA) in plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and their roles in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that cause cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is imperative.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (250-300 g) were allocated to sham or SAH groups established using endovascular perforation method.

Is awake physiological confirmation necessary for DBS treatment of Parkinson's disease today? A comparison of intraoperative imaging, physiology, and physiology imaging-guided DBS in the past decade.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established surgical therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). Intraoperative imaging (IMG), intraoperative physiology (PHY) and their combination (COMB) are the three mainstream DBS guidance methods.

Objective: To comprehensively compare the use of IMG-DBS, PHY-DBS and COMB-DBS in treating PD.

Persistent adverse effects following different targets and periods after bilateral deep brain stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Performed as one of the major treatments for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery can induce adverse effects (AEs) on cognition, gait, mood, speech and swallowing, which are frequently reported and seriously affect the patient's daily life.

Objective: To comprehensively analysis the adverse effect rates (AERs) of cognition, mood, gait, speech and swallowing after bilateral DBS in patients with PD.

Method: We performed a systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to collect all the articles reporting AEs after DBS in sufferers of PD.