Spatio-Temporal Change of Skin and Oral Microbiota: A Longitudinal Study of Microbial Diversity and Stability.

The human skin and oral cavity harbor complex microbial communities, which exist in dynamic equilibrium with the host's physiological state and the external environment. This study investigates the microbial atlas of human skin and oral cavities using samples collected over a 10-month period, aiming to assess how both internal and external factors influence the human microbiome. We examined bacterial community diversity and stability across various body sites, including palm and nasal skin, saliva, and oral epithelial cells, during environmental changes and a COVID-19 pandemic.

Forensic STR Loci and Schizophrenia: An Exploration of Implications for Forensic Applications and Genetic Privacy.

Background/objectives: Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are widely used in forensic genetics for identification and kinship analysis. Traditionally, these loci were selected to avoid medical associations, but recent studies suggest that loci such as TH01 and D16S539 may be linked to psychiatric conditions like schizophrenia. This study explores these potential associations and considers the privacy implications related to disease susceptibility.

Comparative analysis of the human microbiome from four different regions of China and machine learning-based geographical inference.

The human microbiome, the community of microorganisms that reside on and inside the human body, is critically important for health and disease. However, it is influenced by various factors and may vary among individuals residing in distinct geographic regions. In this study, 220 samples, consisting of sterile swabs from palmar skin and oral and nasal cavities were collected from Chinese Han individuals living in Shanghai, Chifeng, Kunming, and Urumqi, representing the geographic regions of east, northeast, southwest, and northwest China.

Whole mitochondrial genome analyses of Han population from Shandong of China using massively parallel sequencing.

Introduction: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been extensively utilized in archeology, human evolutionary genetics, and forensic genetic for over three decades, primarily due to its maternal inheritance and relatively high mutation rate. The Chinese Han, the largest and most widely distributed ethnic group in China, have been the focus of numerous genetic studies. However, the forensic parameters and genetic structure of the Shandong Han, specifically in relation to the whole mitochondrial genome, remain undocumented.

Tagitinin A regulates an F-box gene, CPR30, to resist tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) infection in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) is one of the most destructive pathogens and causes serious losses in agriculture worldwide. Biogenic pesticides application may be an effective approach for defending against TSWV. Tagitinin A (Tag A) extracted from Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.

Phase Angle as an Indicator of Depression in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.

Introduction: Depression is a common psychiatric problem in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Recent studies have begun to explore the relationship between body composition and depression. Phase angle (PhA), a core parameter for assessing body composition, has been observed to be associated with frailty and cognitive dysfunction.

Identification Methods of Tumor Tissue Origin Based on Different STR Typing Kits.

Objectives: To establish the identification method of tumor tissue origin based on commonly used STR typing kits.

Methods: ForenSeq DNA Signature Prep kit was used to detect the typing of 27 autosomal STR loci in 55 paired tumor tissue samples (tumor tissue paired with normal tissue of the same individual) and 75 unrelated individual whole blood samples. The genotyping data of full sibling pairs and parent-child pairs of 55 tumor tissues were simulated.

Effects of and inulin supplementation on intestinal microbial composition in high-fat diet fed mice.

Obesity has become a serious epidemic problem in the world, and probiotics and prebiotics have been used to treat obesity. The effectiveness of diet therapy such as (CB) and inulin supplementation in obesity and whether they can cooperate to produce better effects are still unclear. And during this process, intestinal flora play an important role, while the bacteria involved and the metabolic mechanism need to be explored.

Human complex mixture analysis by "FD Multi-SNP Mixture Kit".

Introduction: Multiple linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have shown potential in personal identification and mixture detection. However, the limited number of marker and sequencing errors have obstructed accurate DNA typing.

Methods: To develop more candidate loci, the diversity value (D-value) was introduced as a new parameter for screening the novel polymorphic multiple linked-SNP markers, referred to as multi-SNP.

Lower extremity function and cardiovascular disease risk in hemodialysis patients: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Physical performance in hemodialysis patients declines and serves as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality predictor. However, lower extremity function's role remains unclear. This study aimed to quantify the association between lower extremity function and CVD risk in hemodialysis patients.

Solution to a case involving the interpretation of trace degraded DNA mixtures.

DNA mixture analysis poses a significant challenge in forensic genetics, particularly when dealing with degraded and trace amount DNA samples. Multi-SNPs (MNPs) are genetic markers similar to microhaplotypes but with smaller molecular sizes (< 75 bp), making them theoretically more suitable for analyzing degraded and trace amount samples. In this case report, we investigated a cold case involving a campstool stored for over a decade, aiming to detect and locate the suspect's DNA.

16S rRNA, metagenomics and 2bRAD-M sequencing to decode human thanatomicrobiome.

Microorganisms are essential in the decomposition of corpses and play a significant role in forensic science. However, previous studies have primarily focused on animal remains, specifically the gut, skin, and burial environment. Insufficient research has been conducted on the microbiota of human cadavers, especially in cases of advanced decomposition and additional tissues, resulting in a lack of relevant reference data.

Comparison of the full-length sequence and sub-regions of 16S rRNA gene for skin microbiome profiling.

The skin microbiome plays a pivotal role in human health by providing protective and functional benefits. Furthermore, its inherent stability and individual specificity present novel forensic applications. These aspects have sparked considerable research enthusiasm among scholars across various fields.

Association of physical performance with cognitive impairment in middle-aged to older haemodialysis patients: a multicentre cross-sectional observational study.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) among middle-aged to older patients receiving maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) and to investigate the potential association between CI and physical performance.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study enrolled participants aged 55-85 years who received MHD. Cognitive status was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Oat Dietary Fiber Delays the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Mice by Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Reducing Uremic Toxin Levels.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant public health concern. In this article, we investigated the mechanism of oat dietary fiber in regulating CKD. Our findings indicated that the gut microbiota of CKD patients promoted gut microbiota dysbiosis and kidney injury in CKD mice.

Multiple transcriptome analyses reveal mouse testis developmental dynamics.

The testes are the organs of gamete production and testosterone synthesis. Up to date, no model system is available for mammalian testicular development, and only few studies have characterized the mouse testis transcriptome from no more than three postnatal ages. To describe the transcriptome landscape of the developing mouse testis and identify the potential molecular mechanisms underlying testis maturation, we examined multiple RNA-seq data of mouse testes from 3-week-old (puberty) to 11-week-old (adult).

Y-STR analysis of highly degraded DNA from skeletal remains over 70 years old.

The goal of the following study is to clarify whether the skeletal remains over 70 years old from missing persons and their alleged relatives shared identical Y-STR loci. Nowadays, advances in ancient DNA extraction techniques and approaches of using multiple different Y-STRs have significantly increased the possibility of obtaining DNA profiles from highly degraded skeletal remains. Given the ages and conditions of the skeletal remains, ancient DNA extraction methods can be used to maximize the probability of DNA recovery.

Population genetic analyses of Eastern Chinese Han nationality using ForenSeq™ DNA Signature Prep Kit.

Currently, the most commonly used method for human identification and kinship analysis in forensic genetics is the detection of length polymorphism in short tandem repeats (STRs) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). However, numerous studies have shown that considerable sequence variations exist in the repeat and flanking regions of the STR loci, which cannot be identified by CE detection. Comparatively, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology can capture these sequence differences, thereby enhancing the identification capability of certain STRs.

Construction of recombinant Lactococcus expressing thymosin and interferon fusion protein and its application as an immune adjuvant.

Background: In recent years, biosafety and green food safety standards have increased the demand for immune enhancers and adjuvants. In the present study, recombinant food-grade Lactococcus lactis (r-L. lactis-Tα1-IFN) expressing thymosin Tα1 and chicken interferon fusion protein was constructed.

Machine learning based biomarker discovery for chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD).

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is characterized by bone abnormalities, vascular calcification, and some other complications. Although there are diagnostic criteria for CKD-MBD, in situations when conducting target feature examining are unavailable, there is a need to investigate and discover alternative biochemical criteria that are easy to obtain. Moreover, studying the correlations between the newly discovered biomarkers and the existing ones may provide insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of CKD-MBD.

Association between hearing loss and physical performance in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: The correlation between hearing loss (HL) and physical performance in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) remains poorly investigated. This study explored the association between HL and physical performance in patients on MHD.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2020 and April 2021 in seven hemodialysis centers in Shanghai and Suzhou, China.

Changes of dysfunctional lens index before and after implantable collamer lens V4c implantation in patients with moderate-to-high myopia.

Background: Dysfunctional lens index (DLI) changing is rarely reported after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation. In the current research, we hope to investigate the changes of DLI by ray-tracing aberrometry before and after implantation of the posterior chamber phakic implantable collamer lens with a central artificial hole for patients with moderate-to-high myopia.

Methods: This retrospective, observational case series included 206 eyes of 104 patients with moderate-to-high myopia who underwent ICL V4c implantation.

Pheochromocytoma crisis with refractory Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), Takotsubo syndrome, emergency adrenalectomy, and need for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in a previously undiagnosed and asymptomatic patient, due to the use of metoclopramide.

Background: Pheochromocytoma (PCC) crisis is a rare life-threatening endocrine emergency. The diagnosis and treatment of PCC crisis, with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as the first manifestation, is highly challenging, and traditional PCC management strategies are no longer suitable for these patients.

Case Presentation: A 46-year-old female patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) following sudden-onset acute respiratory distress and subsequent initiation of mechanical ventilation via endotracheal intubation.