CAD-CAM Hollow Obturator Prosthesis: A Technical Report.

An obturator with a hollow bulb can decrease the overall weight of the prosthesis, stress on the underlying tissues, and patient discomfort. Although many techniques and materials have been proposed in the literature for hollowing the obturator prosthesis, they are often time consuming and technique sensitive. This proposed technique used an open-source software program to hollow a digital design of a solid obturator base from a commercially available software in one single convenient step.

Use of intraoral scan for implant-supported dental prosthesis to design and fabricate a CAD-CAM verification device: A dental technique.

This technical report describes a digital process to design and fabricate a verification device directly from an intraoral scan for nonsegmental implant-supported dental prostheses. By using an open source computer-aided design software program, this technique provides an economical option for dentists and dental laboratory technicians to fabricate a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) verification device. This technique is particularly beneficial for a long scanning span and large edentulous space with multiple scan bodies, and a verification device can be used to confirm the accuracy of a CAD-CAM implant definitive cast.

Use of an open-source CAD software program and additive manufacturing technology to design and fabricate a definitive cast for retrofitting a crown to an existing removable partial denture.

This technical report describes a digital process for designing and fabricating a stackable definitive cast and die system to facilitate the fabrication of a new surveyed crown to retrofit to a removable partial denture (RPD). By using an open-source computer-aided design (CAD) software program, this technique provides an economical option for dental clinicians and laboratory technicians to use intraoral scans and design a stackable definitive cast and die system with minimal financial investment in the CAD software. In addition, this technique provides the advantage of a conventional indirect technique in that it can create a definitive cast with an RPD clasp assembly ready for the dental technician to properly contour the new surveyed crown, but without the need for the patient to be without the RPD during the process.

The Role of NF mRNA and Calpain in NF Reduction of Acrylamide Neuropathy.

The purpose of this study was to study the role of neurofilament (NF) mRNA and calpain in NF reduction of acrylamide (ACR) neuropathy. Male Wistar adult rats were injected i.p.

[Analyzing the factors of influencing the musculoskeletal disorders of greenhouse vegetable farmers].

Objective: To study the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among greenhouse vegetable farmers and to explore the risk factors of MSDs.

Methods: A household questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate 203 greenhouse vegetable farmers and 127 non-greenhouse vegetable farmers in February, 2011.

Results: The one-year prevalence rates of MSDs were 70.

First identification of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus MLST types ST5 and ST45 and SCCmec types IV and Vt by multiplex PCR during an outbreak in a respiratory care ward in central Taiwan.

We used molecular typing methods to investigate an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in a respiratory care ward in Taiwan. From March to June 2006, the incidence of MRSA infection increased 3.75-fold.

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates from respiratory care wards in Taiwan: a horizontal surveillance study comparison of the characteristics of nosocomial infection and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in adult Intensive Care Units and two respiratory care facilities for mechanically ventilated patients at a tertiary care centre in Taiwan.

The objectives of this study were to compare the incidence of nosocomial infections (NIs) and the distribution of resistant nosocomial pathogens in adult Intensive Care Units (ICUs) and two respiratory care facilities for prolonged mechanically ventilated patients [i.e. the respiratory care centre (RCC) and the respiratory care ward (RCW)] in a 1100-bed tertiary care hospital in Taiwan from 2003 to 2006.

2,5-hexanedione (HD) treatment alters calmodulin, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, and protein kinase C in rats' nerve tissues.

Calcium-dependent mechanisms, particularly those mediated by Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), have been implicated in neurotoxicant-induced neuropathy. However, it is unknown whether similar mechanisms exist in 2,5-hexanedione (HD)-induced neuropathy. For that, we investigated the changes of CaM, CaMKII, protein kinase C (PKC) and polymerization ratios (PRs) of NF-L, NF-M and NF-H in cerebral cortex (CC, including total cortex and some gray), spinal cord (SC) and sciatic nerve (SN) of rats treated with HD at a dosage of 1.

Effects of acrylamide on the nervous tissue antioxidant system and sciatic nerve electrophysiology in the rat.

To investigate the time-dependent effects of acrylamide (ACR) on the antioxidative status in rat nerve tissues, adult male Wistar rats were given ACR (40 mg/kg, i.p., 3 times/week) for 2, 4, 6 and 10 weeks, respectively.

Malondialdehyde and catalase as the serum biomarkers of allyl chloride-induced toxic neuropathy.

Chronic exposure to allyl chloride (AC) is known to produce a central-peripheral distal axonopathy. To access the biomarker of exposure and elucidate the mechanism of neuropathy induced by AC, we performed a longitudinal observational study of malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-reactive oxygen species (anti-ROS), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in rats serum and sciatic nerve after 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 weeks of AC administration. AC was administrated to Wistar rats by gavage at a single dosage of 200 mg/kg/per dose (three times per week).

Expression changes of neurofilament subunits in the central nervous system of hens treated with tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP).

Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) could induce degeneration of long, large diameter axons within the central and peripheral nervous system of susceptible species including human being and hens, which is referred to as organophosphorus-ester induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN). The mechanisms involved are not understood. Neuropathologic observations suggested that neurofilament subunits (NFs) could be a main target of TOCP in the peripheral nervous system.

Allyl chloride-induced time dependent changes of lipid peroxidation in rat nerve tissue.

To accurately know the time-dependent changes of the lipid peroxidation and antioxidative status for elucidating the mechanism of neuropathy induced by allyl chloride (AC), the malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-reactive oxygen species (anti-ROS), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were investigated in cerebrum, spinal cord and sciatic nerve of rats after 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks of AC administration. AC was administrated to Wistar rats by gavage at a single dosage of 200 mg/kg/per dose (three times per week). Rats were sacrificed after 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks of treatment, and cerebrum, spinal cord, sciatic nerves were dissected, homogenized and used for the determination of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative status.

Effect of subchronic exposure to acrylamide induced on the expression of bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 in the rat nervous system.

Occupational exposure and experimental intoxication with acrylamide (ACR) produce a neuropathy characterized by nerve degeneration. We hypothesize that ACR differentially affects the expression of bcl-2, bax and caspase-3 in the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) tissue. Male adult Wistar rats were given ACR (20, 40 mg/kg i.

2,5-Hexanedione induced reduction in protein content and mRNA expression of neurofilament in rat cerebral cortex.

Exposure chronically to n-hexane produces central-peripheral axonopathy mediated by 2,5-hexanedione (HD). Studies have shown neurofilament (NF) subunit proteins are decreased substantially in cerebral cortices, optic axons, spinal cords, and sciatic nerves from HD-exposed rats. To deeply investigate the alterations in NF contents in HD neuropathy, the relative levels of NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H in rat cerebral cortex were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting.