Novel Mutation Loci Lead to Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella and Literature Review.

The protein encoded by dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 () is a part of dynein, which regulates the function of cilia and sperm flagella. The mutant of causes the deletion of inner dynein arm 3 in the flagellum, leading to multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and severe asthenozoospermia. However, instead of asthenozoospermia and MMAF, the result caused by the mutation of remains unknown.

Microbial community distribution and extracellular enzyme activities in leach bed reactor treating food waste: effect of different leachate recirculation practices.

This study aimed at understanding the relationship between microbial community and extracellular enzyme activities of leach bed reactor (LBR) treating food waste under different leachate recirculation practices (once per day and continuous) and liquid to solid (L/S) ratios (1:1 and 0.5:1). Microbial community analysis using PCR-DGGE revealed that Lactobacillus sp.

A novel way to utilize hydrogen and carbon dioxide in acidogenic reactor through homoacetogenesis.

This study investigated the potential of Acetobacterium woodii, a homoacetogen, in co-culture with common acetogens for acetate production during glucose fermentation. Three types of inocula, A. woodii (AW), heat-treated sludge (HTS) and co-culture of A.

Comparison of wavefront aberrations under cycloplegic, scotopic and photopic conditions using WaveScan.

Purpose: To evaluate the differences of wavefront aberrations under cycloplegic, scotopic and photopic conditions.

Methods: A total of 174 eyes of 105 patients were measured using the wavefront sensor (WaveScan® 3.62) under different pupil conditions: cycloplegic 8.

Effect of inoculum to substrate ratio on the hydrolysis and acidification of food waste in leach bed reactor.

The aim of present study was to determine an appropriate ISR (inoculum to substrate ratio) to enhance the hydrolysis rate and reduce the solid retention time of food waste in hydrolytic-acidogenesis leach bed reactor (LBR). LBR 1-4 were inoculated with 0%, 5%, 20% and 80% (w/w basis) of anaerobically digested sludge, respectively, using artificial food waste as substrate. Experiments were conducted in batch mode at mesophilic condition (35 °C) for 17 days.

Leaching behaviour of bisphenol A from municipal solid waste under landfill environment.

With a preliminary insight into the source and leaching behaviour ofbisphenol A (BPA) from municipal solid wastes (MSW), five kinds of plastic and four kinds of paper materials were leached by distilled water. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste was found to have the highest BPA content of 12.1 microg x g(-1) and leachability of 34.

Optimization of food waste hydrolysis in leach bed coupled with methanogenic reactor: effect of pH and bulking agent.

The effects of pH and bulking agents on hydrolysis/acidogenesis of food waste were studied using leach bed reactor (LBR) coupled with methanogenic up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The hydrolysis rate under regulated pH (6.0) was studied and compared with unregulated one during initial experiment.

Food waste decomposition in leachbed reactor: role of neutralizing solutions on the leachate quality.

The neutralization effects of 0.1M NaHCO(3), KPO(4)-buffer (pH 7.0) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) solutions (500 ml/kg food waste/day) on controlling the pH and leachate quality in an acidogenic reactor of food waste anaerobic digestion was investigated.

[Comparison of the treatment performance in fresh and mature landfill leachates by Fenton process].

The experiments focused on comparing the removal efficiencies of organic matters in fresh and mature landfill leachate by Fenton treatment. The changes in dissolved organic matter before and after Fenton treatment were assessed using gross organic parameters such as organic compound relative molecular mass (Mr) distribution, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and the ratio of COD to TOC. The results from this study demonstrate that high Mr fractions of mature landffill leachate are more easily converted into dissolved small Mr fractions (Mr < 10(3)) by Fenton reaction than those of fresh landfill leachate, since the average Mr of mature landfill leachate is higher than that of fresh landfill leachate and the Mr > 10(5) fraction of the mature leachate account for 64% of the total mass.