Sarcopenia is a predictor for Alzheimer's continuum and related clinical outcomes.

Low body mass index is closely related to a high risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related biomarkers including amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition. However, the association between sarcopenia and Aβ-confirmed AD remains controversial. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and the AD continuum.

Fasting glucose variability and risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease: a 9-year longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort.

Background: Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD); however, it is unknown whether this association is dependent on continuous hyperglycemia, hypoglycemic events, or glycemic variability. We aimed to investigate the relationship between visit-to-visit fasting glucose variability and PDD development in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, we examined 9,264 patients aged ≥40 years with Parkinson's disease (PD) who underwent ≥3 health examinations and were followed up until December 2019.

P. mirabilis-derived pore-forming haemolysin, HpmA drives intestinal alpha-synuclein aggregation in a mouse model of neurodegeneration.

Background: Recent studies suggesting the importance of the gut-microbiome in intestinal aggregated alpha synuclein (α-syn) have led to the exploration of the possible role of the gut-brain axis in central nervous system degeneration. Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis), a gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium, has been linked to brain neurodegeneration in animal studies.

Effect of internet-based vs. in-person multimodal interventions on patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, cross-over, open-label trial.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the effect of internet-based and in-person cognitive interventions on cognition, mood, and activities of daily living (ADL) on patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) and examine whether internet-based intervention is as effective as the in-person intervention.

Methods: We recruited 52 patients with probable mild AD, of whom 42 completed the trial. We randomly divided participants into intervention and control groups at a 1:1 ratio and statistically compared the neuropsychological test results of the two groups.

Incidence of Parkinson's disease and modifiable risk factors in Korean population: A longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) by age and year for each sex as well as the modifiable risk factors for PD. Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 938,635 PD and dementia-free participants aged ≥40 years who underwent general health examinations were followed to December 2019.

Methods: We analyzed the PD incidence rates according to age, year and sex.

Independent effect of cardiometabolic syndromes and depression on dementia in Parkinson's disease: A 12-year longitudinal follow-up study of a nationwide cohort.

Background: We aimed to investigate the incidence rate of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) according to age and disease duration by sex. Furthermore, we explored the effect of each cardiometabolic syndrome and depression on the incidence of PDD.

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 79,622 patients with de novo Parkinson's disease (PD) aged ≥40 years between January 2002 and December 2010 were followed to December 2019.

Visceral Obesity Is a More Important Factor for Colorectal Adenomas than Skeletal Muscle or Body Fat.

Objective: Although the incidence of colorectal adenomas increases with obesity, the role of various body compositions is still unknown. We aimed to determine which body composition best reflects the risk of colorectal adenomas.

Methods: Patients aged 50-75 years who underwent colonoscopy and a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for a health check-up from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively enrolled.

The relationship between metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and low muscle mass in an asymptomatic Korean population.

Background: Metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) emphasizes the metabolic dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although the relationship between low muscle mass and NAFLD has been suggested, the effect of MAFLD on low muscle mass is yet to be investigated. In this study, we examined the relationship between MAFLD and low muscle mass in an asymptomatic Korean population.

Inverse correlation between gastroesophageal reflux disease and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy and serology.

Background: () infection is known to prevent the occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by inducing gastric mucosal atrophy. However, little is known about the relationship between atrophic gastritis (AG) and GERD.

Aim: To confirm the inverse correlation between AG and the occurrence and severity of GERD.

Non-alcoholic/Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and Additively Increase the Risk of Arterial Stiffness.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and () infection have a close association with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is characterized by metabolic dysfunction in NAFLD. We investigated the synergistic effects of NAFLD/MAFLD and infection on the risk of arterial stiffness in an asymptomatic population.

Independent effect of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.

Purpose: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is an associative or causative factor of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the association between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and neurogenic OH directly associated with the presence of alpha-synuclein in PD remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between MCI and neurogenic OH in patients with de novo PD.

Midazolam dose is associated with recurrence of paradoxical reactions during endoscopy.

Background: Midazolam is commonly used for sedation during gastrointestinal procedures. However, some patients experience paradoxical reactions characterized by excessive movement or excitement.

Aim: To investigate the rate of recurrence of paradoxical reactions to midazolam during an upper endoscopy.

The Risk of Colorectal Adenoma in Nonalcoholic or Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease.

Unlabelled: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease associated with various metabolic disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) emphasizes metabolic dysfunction in NAFLD. Although the relationship between NAFLD and colorectal adenomas has been suggested, the effect of MAFLD on colorectal adenoma has yet to be investigated.

Risk Factors for High-Risk Adenoma on the First Lifetime Colonoscopy Using Decision Tree Method: A Cross-Sectional Study in 6,047 Asymptomatic Koreans.

As risk of colorectal neoplasm is varied even in persons with "average-risk," risk evaluation and tailored screening are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of high-risk adenoma (HRA) in healthy individuals and determine the characteristics of advanced neoplasia (AN) among individual polyps. Asymptomatic adults who underwent the first lifetime screening colonoscopy at the Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center (SNUH GC) were recruited from 2004 to 2007 as SNUH GC Cohort and were followed for 10 years.

The Association between Vitamin D and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Assessed by Controlled Attenuation Parameter.

Background: An association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and low vitamin D levels has been suggested. We investigated the relationship between vitamin D and NAFLD assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of apparently healthy subjects who underwent Fibroscan during health screening tests.

Predicting the longitudinal changes of levodopa dose requirements in Parkinson's disease using item response theory assessment of real-world Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale.

Item response theory (IRT) has been recently adopted to successfully characterize the progression of Parkinson's disease using serial Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) measurements. However, it has yet to be applied in predicting the longitudinal changes of levodopa dose requirements in the real-world setting. Here we use IRT to extract two latent variables that represent tremor and non-tremor-related symptoms from baseline assessments of UPDRS Part III scores.

Characteristics of interval gastric neoplasms detected within two years after negative screening endoscopy among Koreans.

Background: In Korea, where gastric cancer is highly prevalent, biennial endoscopy is recommended among individuals over 40. Even under regular screening, some are still diagnosed at advanced stages. We aimed to identify characteristics of interval gastric neoplasms (IGNs) with rapid progression.

Subcortical and brainstem hemiatrophy accompanied by iron deposition in a patient with hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome: a case report.

Background: There is no established pathogenesis of hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome (HPHA), and the varied clinical presentations have been reported in several case studies. To the best of our knowledge, the present report describes the first case of HPHA with unusual brain imaging findings.

Case Presentation: A 20-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of weakness and clumsiness in his right limbs.

Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Long-Term Outcome of Gastric Cancer Patients with Family History: Seven-Year Follow-Up Study for Korean Health Check-Up Subjects.

Methods: This study was conducted on asymptomatic healthy individuals who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for the purpose of GC screening. Patients who were diagnosed with GC between October 2003 and December 2013 at Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center were identified. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were compared between the groups with and without FHx of GC.