Antinociceptive effect of CNS peroxynitrite scavenger in a mouse model of orofacial pain.

Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) and species derived from it can oxidize and nitrate lipids, proteins and DNA leading to changes in signaling molecules. The present study was carried out to elucidate possible effects of CNS peroxynitrite in a mouse model of orofacial pain. Mice that received facial carrageenan injection + intracerebroventricular (i.

Distribution of calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA 2) in monkey brain.

The present study was carried out to elucidate the distribution of calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)) in the normal monkey brain. iPLA(2) immunoreactivity was observed in structures derived from the telencephalon, including the cerebral neocortex, amygdala, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens, whereas structures derived from the diencephalon, including the thalamus, hypothalamus and globus pallidus were lightly labeled. The midbrain, vestibular, trigeminal and inferior olivary nuclei, and the cerebellar cortex were densely labeled.

Differential effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on membrane capacitance and exocytosis in rat pheochromocytoma-12 cells.

The fusion of synaptic vesicles with the plasma membrane during exocytosis can be recorded by membrane capacitance measurements under voltage-clamp conditions. These measurements enable high time-resolution quantitation of exocytosis. The present study was carried out using the above technique to elucidate the effects of various polyunsaturated fatty acids on exocytosis in a neuroendocrine cell, the rat pheochromocytoma-12 (PC12) cell.

Injury and recovery of pyramidal neurons in the rat hippocampus after a single episode of oxidative stress induced by intracerebroventricular injection of ferrous ammonium citrate.

The present study was carried out to elucidate the effect of a single episode of oxidative stress on pyramidal neurons of the rat hippocampus. A significant increase in the number of neurons that were immunolabeled for the toxic lipid peroxidation product, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) was observed in field CA3 of the hippocampus, at 1 day, 7 days and 14 days after intracerebroventricular injection of 1 microL of 5 mM ferrous ammonium citrate, compared to ammonium citrate injected controls at these time points. The number of HNE positive cells was fewer at 14 days, compared to 1 day, after ferrous ammonium citrate injection.

Intracerebroventricular injection of phospholipases A2 inhibitors modulates allodynia after facial carrageenan injection in mice.

The present study was carried out, using inhibitors to secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2, 12-epi-scalaradial), cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2, AACOCF3), or calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2, bromoenol lactone), to compare possible contributions of central nervous PLA2 isoforms to the development of allodynia after facial carrageenan injection in mice. C57BL/6J (B6) mice showed increased responses to facial stimulation using a von Frey hair (1 g force), at 8 h, 1 day, and 3 days after facial carrageenan injection. On the other hand, BALB/c mice did not show increased responses at any of the time points.