Categories of training to improve empathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Due to the vital role of empathy in promoting prosocial behaviors and nurturing social bonds, there is a growing interest in cultivating empathy. Yet, the effectiveness of existing training methods on empathy, especially on different dimensions of empathy (i.e.

Advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) has an impact on the initial healing of gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Objectives: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is widely used in wound healing because it contains several growth factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In this study, we investigated the effects of advanced PRF (A-PRF) in early-stage gingival regeneration after tooth extraction.

Methods: Blood sample was collected from females beagle dogs (age: 12 months) before tooth extraction for A-PRF preparation.

Effect of advanced platelet-rich fibrin on accelerating alveolar bone formation in dogs: a histological and immunofluorescence evaluation.

Several methods have been developed to regenerate lost alveolar bone. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a useful adjunct for new bone formation in dentistry. To elucidate the effect of advanced PRF (A-PRF) on bone formation, we inserted A-PRF clots in sockets after tooth extraction.

Growth factor and pro-inflammatory cytokine contents in platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF), and concentrated growth factors (CGF).

Background: The development of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) drastically simplified the preparation procedure of platelet-concentrated biomaterials, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and facilitated their clinical application. PRF's clinical effectiveness has often been demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies; however, it is still controversial whether growth factors are significantly concentrated in PRF preparations to facilitate wound healing and tissue regeneration. To address this matter, we performed a comparative study of growth factor contents in PRP and its derivatives, such as advanced PRF (A-PRF) and concentrated growth factors (CGF).

Micro/nanostructured surface modification using femtosecond laser pulses on minimally invasive electrosurgical devices.

The purpose of the present study was to examine thermal damage and a sticking problem in the tissue after the use of a minimally invasive electrosurgical device with a nanostructured surface treatment that uses a femtosecond laser pulse (FLP) technique. To safely use an electrosurgical device in clinical surgery, it is important to decrease thermal damage to surrounding tissues. The surface characteristics and morphology of the FLP layer were evaluated using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy; element analysis was performed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

Virally inactivated human platelet concentrate lysate induces regulatory T cells and immunosuppressive effect in a murine asthma model.

Background: Platelet concentrate lysates (PCLs) are increasingly used in regenerative medicine. We have developed a solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated PCL. The functional properties of this preparation should be unveiled.

Antimicrobial activity of platelet (PLT)-poor plasma, PLT-rich plasma, PLT gel, and solvent/detergent-treated PLT lysate biomaterials against wound bacteria.

Background: Platelet (PLT) gels exhibit antimicrobial activity useful for wound healing. The nature of the antibacterial component(s) is unknown.

Study Design And Methods: PLT-poor plasma (PPP), PLT-rich plasma (PRP), PLT gel (PG), and solvent/detergent-treated PLT lysate (S/D-PL) from two donors were evaluated either native or after complement heat inactivation.

Human platelet concentrates: a source of solvent/detergent-treated highly enriched brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Background: Human blood platelets (PLTs) contain brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin that binds to neurotrophic tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor on central nervous system cells. This binding promotes neural synaptic plasticity and memory and prevents neuronal degeneration. Alterations in BDNF homeostasis are associated with aging and are found in several neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's diseases and multiple sclerosis.

Human blood-derived fibrin releasates: composition and use for the culture of cell lines and human primary cells.

We have evaluated the capacity of two human blood fractions to substitute for FBS as growth medium supplement for human and animal cell cultures. Non-anticoagulated blood from volunteer donors (N = 13) was centrifuged to isolate a supernatant serum (SS) and a platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) clot which was squeezed to extract the releasate (PRFR). Both materials were characterized for the content in PDGF-AB, TGF-β1, VEGF, bFGF, EGF, IGF, total protein, albumin, IgG, IgM IgA, fibrinogen, cholesterol, triglycerides, various chemistry analytes and hemoglobin.

Expansion of adipose tissue mesenchymal stromal progenitors in serum-free medium supplemented with virally inactivated allogeneic human platelet lysate.

Background: Single-donor or pooled platelet lysates (PL) can substitute for fetal bovine serum (FBS) for mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) expansion. However, for clinical applications of MSCs, the use of virally inactivated PL would be desirable. Recently, we have developed a solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated human PL preparation (S/D-PL) rich in growth factors.

A novel virally inactivated human platelet lysate preparation rich in TGF-beta, EGF and IGF, and depleted of PDGF and VEGF.

There is emerging interest in the use of standardized virally inactivated human platelet lysate preparations rich in GFs (growth factors) for cell cultures, cell therapy and clinical applications. In the present paper, we report a simple process to prepare a virally inactivated platelet lysate preparation rich in TGF-beta1 (transforming growth factor-beta1), EGF (epidermal growth factor) and IGF (insulin-like growth factor) and depleted of PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor). Apheresis platelet concentrates were treated by the S/D (solvent/detergent) viral inactivation procedure, then subjected to an oil extraction followed by adsorption with activated charcoal and finally sterile-filtered.

A virally inactivated platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor concentrate fractionated from human platelets.

Background: Human platelet concentrates (PCs) may be a source material to produce purified growth factors (GFs) for clinical use or cell therapy. However, no fractionation process of therapeutic-grade GF from PCs has ever been developed.

Study Design And Methods: PCs were virally inactivated by solvent/detergent (S/D) treatment, subjected to oil extraction to remove part of the S/D agents, and fractionated on a SP-Sepharose (SP) chromatographic column equilibrated in a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer, pH 7.

Influence of ethanol on the release of growth factors in human blood-derived platelet gels.

Platelet gels (PG) are new topical single-donor blood products which are attracting great interest in regenerative medicine. They are obtained by mixing a platelet-rich plasma fraction with thrombin to generate a fibrin gel enriched in platelet growth factors (GF). The type of thrombin preparation may affect PG reproducibility.

Assessment of the impact of solvent/detergent treatment on the quality and potency of a whole IgG equine antivenom.

We have evaluated for the first time the impact of a solvent/detergent (S/D) treatment on the quality and in vivo neutralization potency of horse-derived whole IgG antivenom used in the treatment of viperid snake bite envenoming in Central America. The S/D treatment by 1% tri (n-butyl) phosphate (TnBP) - 1% Triton X-45 at 22-25 degrees C was applied either on starting plasma or on purified immunoglobulins. The S/D agents were removed from both fractions by extractions with oil.

In vitro release of growth factors from platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): a proposal to optimize the clinical applications of PRF.

Objective: Determine the release of growth factors (GF) from platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and supernatant serum to optimize clinical use.

Study Design: Platelet-derived growth factors-AB (PDGF-AB), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were quantified in PRF releasate and in the supernatant serum (N = 8) over 300 minutes after clot formation. Protein profiles were determined by SDS-PAGE.

Early experience and results of bone graft enriched with autologous platelet gel for recalcitrant nonunions of lower extremity.

Background: Refractory nonunions of the tibia or femur are physically and mentally devastating conditions for the patients, and the treatment is challenging for orthopedic surgeons. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility and outcome of surgical treatment in recalcitrant nonunions of a lower extremity with bone graft enriched with autologous platelet gel (APG).

Methods: Twelve patients with four femoral and eight tibial atrophic nonunions after multiple prior procedures were included.

A stereomorphologic study of bone matrix apposition in HA-implanted cavities observed with SEM, being prepared by a microvascular cast and freeze-fracture method.

In order to obtain further understanding of the relationship between hydroxyapatite (HA) with regard to its properties as an implantation bed, dense HA particles were implanted into the tibiae of dogs. Following the healing periods of 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months, the specimens were prepared with a combination of a microvascular cast method and a freeze-fracture technique, allowing observations to be made with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Under SEM, osteogenesis among the HA particles developed in a programmed sequence.