Development of a rectally administrable Dnase1 to treat septic shock by targeting NETs.

Aims: Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET), which is formed by DNA threads, induces septic shock by aggravating systemic inflammation. An intravenous administration of deoxyribonuclease is regarded as a compelling modality for treating septic shock. However, alternative routes should be chosen when cutaneous veins are all collapsed due to hypotension.

The polyol pathway and nuclear ketohexokinase A signaling drive hyperglycemia-induced metastasis of gastric cancer.

Diabetes might be associated with increased cancer risk, with several studies reporting hyperglycemia as a primary oncogenic stimulant. Since glucose metabolism is linked to numerous metabolic pathways, it is difficult to specify the mechanisms underlying hyperglycemia-induced cancer progression. Here, we focused on the polyol pathway, which is dramatically activated under hyperglycemia and causes diabetic complications.

Tumor regionalization after surgery: Roles of the tumor microenvironment and neutrophil extracellular traps.

Surgery is unanimously regarded as the primary strategy to cure solid tumors in the early stages but is not always used in advanced cases. However, tumor surgery must be carefully considered because the risk of metastasis could be increased by the surgical procedure. Tumor surgery may result in a deep wound, which induces many biological responses favoring tumor metastasis.

Extract Suppresses NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome Activation by Inhibition of ASC Phosphorylation.

var. (Asteraceae, ) is a well-known traditional medicinal herb used for treating various inflammatory disorders in Korea, Japan, China, and other Asian countries. In the present study, we investigated the effects of extract (APO) on interleukin- (IL-) 1 regulation and inflammasome activation in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and monosodium urate- (MSU-) induced peritonitis mouse model .

Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Extract Inflammasome Activation.

, Compositae, is considered a potential source of nutrition and is used as a traditional medicine in East Asian countries for centuries. Although several studies have shown its biological activities as an anti-inflammatory agent, there have been no reports on with regard to regulatory role in inflammasome activation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of extract (ALE) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and explore the underlying mechanisms.

Anti-inflammatory properties of Morus bombycis Koidzumi via inhibiting IFN-β signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Morus bombycis Koidzumi (M. bombycis, Moraceae) has been used in Asian countries as a traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension, diabetes, and inflammation-related disorders.

Aim Of Study: Although its anti-inflammatory actions have been partly documented, scientific evidence involving its molecular mechanisms related to inflammasome activation signaling pathways remains unknown.

Anti-inflammatory effect of emodin via attenuation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Emodin, an active constituent of oriental herbs, is widely used to treat allergy, inflammation, and other symptoms. This study provides the scientific basis for the anti-inflammasome effects of emodin on both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were used to study the effects of emodin on inflammasome activation by using inflammasome inducers such as ATP, nigericin, and silica crystals.

Syneilesis palmata (Thunb.) Maxim. extract attenuates inflammatory responses via the regulation of TRIF-dependent signaling and inflammasome activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Syneilesis palmata (Thunb.) Maxim. (S.