Management of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor-associated rash: a systematic review.

Cancer patients treated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) frequently experience skin toxicities (rash) that can compromise their quality of life and lead to dose reduction or discontinuation of treatment. Reflecting the need for effective management of EGFRI-associated rash, a number of clinical practice guidelines and management recommendations have been developed. The objective of this systematic review is to identify and summarize all available published recommendations of rash management strategies and evaluate their basis of evidence, to describe consensus in the recommendations, and where there is a lack of consensus to describe the opportunities for future clinical research to improve clinical practice in the management of EGFRI rash.

Silver nanoparticles affect glucose metabolism in hepatoma cells through production of reactive oxygen species.

The silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is a candidate for anticancer therapy because of its effects on cell survival and signaling. Although numerous reports are available regarding their effect on cell death, the effect of AgNPs on metabolism is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on glucose metabolism in hepatoma cell lines.

APOE Polymorphism Affects Brain Default Mode Network in Healthy Young Adults: A STROBE Article.

To investigate the effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism on the resting-state brain function, structure, and blood flow in healthy adults younger than 35 years, using multimodality magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.Seventy-six healthy adults (34 men, 23.7 ± 2.

Enrichment of single neurons and defined brain regions from human brain tissue samples for subsequent proteome analysis.

Brain function in normal aging and neurological diseases has long been a subject of interest. With current technology, it is possible to go beyond descriptive analyses to characterize brain cell populations at the molecular level. However, the brain comprises over 100 billion highly specialized cells, and it is a challenge to discriminate different cell groups for analyses.

LPS-Primed Release of HMGB-1 from Cortical Astrocytes is Modulated Through PI3K/AKT Pathway.

Studies have shown that LPS-preconditioned tolerant state could protect against brain injury to subsequent challenges. We hypothesized astrocytes were directly involved in the readjustment to confer neuroprotective effects with LPS pretreatment. High-mobility group box 1(HMGB-1) from LPS-preconditioned astrocytes, presumably serving as a positive regulator, might contribute to the favorable preconditioned effects.

[Effect of ultrafiltration-membrane extracts of Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata on proliferation and genetic stability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by cadmium chloride].

Objective: To study the effect of ultrafiltration-membrane extracts of Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata (UMERRP) on theproliferation and genetic stability of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2).

Methods: Protective effects on the proliferation, micronuclear rates, chromosome aberration rates, and apoptosis rates were observed by micronuclei test, karyotype analysis, and flow cytometry.

Results: Compared with the CdCl2 group, UMERRP with different molecular weights at 0.

Virologic response and safety of tenofovir versus entecavir in treatment-naïve chronic Hepatitis B patients.

Background/aims: This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral response and safety of tenofovir (TDF) versus entecavir (ETV) in treatment-naïve CHB patients.

Patients And Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of treatment-naive CHB patients who were treated with TDF or ETV. We analyzed virologic, biochemical, and serologic responses at 3, 6, and 12 months.

Inhibition of Tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid A and salvianolic acid B on Areca nut extract-induced oral submucous fibrosis in vitro.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge has been reported to possess excellent antifibrotic activity. In this study, we have investigated the effect and mechanism of tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA), salvianolic acid A (Sal-A) and salvianolic acid B (Sal-B), the important active compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, on areca nut extract (ANE)-induced oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) in vitro. Through human procollagen gene promoter luciferase reporter plasmid assay, hydroxyproline assay, gelatin zymography assay, qRT-PCR, ELISA and Western blot assay, the influence of these three compounds on ANE-stimulated cell viability, collagen accumulation, procollagen gene transcription, MMP-2/-9 activity, MMP-1/-13 and TIMP-1/-2 expression, cytokine secretion and the activation of PI3K/AKT, ERK/JNK/p38 MAPK and TGF-β/Smads pathways were detected.

Visfatin Protects Rat Pancreatic β-cells against IFN-γ-Induced Apoptosis through AMPK and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways.

Objective: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) plays an important role in apoptosis and was shown to increase the risk of diabetes. Visfatin, an adipokine, has anti-diabetic, anti-tumor, and regulating inflammatory properties. In this study we investigated the effect of visfatin on IFN-γ-induced apoptosis in rat pancreatic β-cells.

Overexpression of Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis in Human Osteosarcoma.

Human osteosarcoma usually presented a high tendency to metastatic spread and caused poor outcomes, however, the underlying mechanism was still largely unknown. In the present study, using a series of in vitro experiments and an animal model, we investigated the roles of HOX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) during the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma. According with our results, HOTAIR was commonly overexpressed in osteosarcoma, which significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage, highly histological grade and poor prognosis.

Diplopia of pediatric orbital blowout fractures: a retrospective study of 83 patients classified by age groups.

Orbital blowout fractures are relatively rare in patients under 18 years of age, but may lead to serious complications. We conducted this retrospective study to evaluate diplopia, clinical characteristics, and postoperative results in cases of orbital blowout fractures in the pediatric population. Eighty-three patients, all less than 18 years old, with orbital blowout fractures, were divided into 3 groups by age: 0 to 6 years old, 7 to 12 years old, and 13 to 18 years old.

PET and MR imaging of neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy.

Neurological or psychiatric abnormalities associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) range from subclinical findings to coma. HE is commonly accompanied with the accumulation of toxic substances in bloodstream. The toxicity effect of hyperammonemia on astrocyte, such as the alteration in neurotransmission, oxidative stress, astrocyte swelling, is considered as an important factor in the pathogenesis of HE.

Quantifying the effect of trend, fluctuation, and extreme event of climate change on ecosystem productivity.

Climate change comprises three fractions of trend, fluctuation, and extreme event. Assessing the effect of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem requires an understanding of the action mechanism of these fractions, respectively. This study examined 11 years of remotely sensed-derived net primary productivity (NPP) to identify the impacts of the trend and fluctuation of climate change as well as extremely low temperatures caused by a freezing disaster on ecosystem productivity in Hunan province, China.

AP-2α downregulation by cigarette smoke condensate is counteracted by p53 in human lung cancer cells.

Cumulative findings have demonstrated that the dysregulation of tumor suppressor genes may be implicated in cigarette smoke-induced carcinogenesis. Activating enhancer-binding protein 2 (AP-2) is a eukaryotic transcriptional factor that plays a significant role in embryonic development and tumorigenesis. The vertebrate AP-2 family consists of AP-2α, AP-2β, AP-2γ, AP-2δ and AP-2ε.

A reduced graphene oxide supported Cu(3)SnS(4) composite as an efficient visible-light photocatalyst.

In this study, a visible light responsive Cu3SnS4/reduced graphene oxide (RGO) photocatalyst has been synthesized by a facile one-step solvothermal method. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) emission spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the Cu3SnS4/RGO composite under visible-light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) was evaluated by measuring the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and phenol.

The outcomes of peritendon tissue free-grafted on the tendon surface.

Objective: The objective of this study is to observe the gross and histological changes of free-grafted peritendon tissue.

Methods: The incisions were made in the bilateral Achilles tendon sites in six healthy rabbits weighing 2.0-2.

Eagle's syndrome: a case report.

Eagle's syndrome is a disease caused by an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament. Eagle defined the disorder in 1937 by describing clinical findings related to an elongated styloid process, which is one of the numerous causes of pain in the craniofacial and cervical region. The prevalence of individuals with this anatomic abnormality in the adult population is estimated to be 4% with 0.

Serum B-cell activating factor in myeloperoxiase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis.

Background: In this study, the serum B-cell activating factor belonging to tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) levels in patients with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) were measured, and their clinical significance was further analyzed.

Methods: One hundred twenty-one patients with MPO-AAV were enrolled in this study. Eighty-three patients had active vasculitis and 38 were in remission.

An attenuated coxsackievirus b3 vector: a potential tool for viral tracking study and gene delivery.

Cardiomyocytes are quite resistant to gene transfer using standard techniques. We developed an expression vector carrying an attenuated but infectious and replicative coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) genome, and unique ClaI-StuI cloning sites for an exogenous gene, whose product can be released from the nascent viral polyprotein by 2A(pro) cleavage. This vector was tested as an expression vehicle for green fluorescent protein (GFP).

Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of extended-release quetiapine fumarate in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Background And Objective: The extended-release formulation of quetiapine (quetiapine XR), which was developed to provide more convenient once-daily administration, has been widely studied to characterize its pharmacokinetics in Caucasian populations but has rarely been studied in an Asia population. This study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of quetiapine XR administered as a single dose (300 mg) and multiple doses (300, 600, and 800 mg) in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: This was a single-center, open-label, single-dose and multiple-dose randomized study.

Graphene sheets grafted three-dimensional BiOBr0.2I0.8 microspheres with excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light.

A series of graphene sheets grafted three-dimensional BiOBr0.2I0.8 microspheres with different graphene contents have been synthesized by a simple one-step solvothermal method.

CHD1L: a novel oncogene.

Comprehensive sequencing efforts have revealed the genomic landscapes of common forms of human cancer and  - 140 driver genes have been identified, but not all of them have been extensively investigated. CHD1L (chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA binding protein 1-like gene) or ALC1 (amplified in liver cancer 1) is a newly identified oncogene located at Chr1q21 and it is amplified in many solid tumors. Functional studies of CHD1L in hepatocellular carcinoma and other tumors strongly suggested that its oncogenic role in tumorigenesis is through unleashed cell proliferation, G1/S transition and inhibition of apoptosis.

[Effect of flavonoids from hedysari radix on pulmonary functions of pulmonary fibrosis rat].

Objective: To study the effect of flavonoids from Hedysari Radix on pulmonary functions of pulmonary fibrosis rat and its mechanism.

Methods: 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: blank control group, model group, prednisone group, Hedysari Radix flavonoids low, medium and high dosage group. The rat model was established by propelling bleomycin into bronchial tree through endotracheal intubation with laryngoscope.