[Response of Soil Fungal Communities in Diversified Rotations of Wheat and Different Crops].

Crop-soil microorganism interactions and feedback are critical to soil health and crop production. The aim of this study was to clarify the difference in soil fungal communities under diversified rotations of wheat and different crops in the North China Plain and to provide a theoretical basis for the construction and optimization of ecological sustainable planting systems. The soil fungal community abundance, composition, and diversity of continuous winter wheat-summer maize M, winter wheat-summer peanut (summer maize) PM, and winter wheat-summer soybean (summer maize) SM treatments were studied using real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing technology.

[Effects of dark induced senescence on the function of photosystem II in flag leaves of winter wheat released in different years.].

Cultivar renewing is important for the increases of wheat yield. Studying changes of different physiological characteristics in the succession process of wheat varieties has great implications for future breeding. The senescence rate of flag leaf is a key factor affecting winter wheat yield.

[Effects of postponing nitrogen application on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat subjected to water stress after heading stage].

A pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effects of postponing nitrogen (N) application on photosynthetic characteristics and grain yield of winter wheat subjected to water stress after heading stage. Equal in the total N rate in winter wheat growth season, N application was split before sowing, and/or at jointing and /or at anthesis at the ratio of 10:0:0 (N1), 6:4:0 (N2) and 4:3:3 (N3), combined with unfavorable water condition (either waterlogged or drought) with the sufficient water condition as control. The results showed that, under each of the water condition, both N2 and N3 treatments significantly improved the leaf photosynthetic rate and the SPAD value of flag leaf compared with N1 treatment during grain filling stage, and also the crop ear number, grain number per spike and above-ground biomass were increased.