Urine macrophages reflect kidney macrophage content during acute tubular interstitial and glomerular injury.

Macrophage polarization is a major contributing factor in acute kidney injury (AKI). We aim to determine its biomarker value in differentiating etiologic causes of various intrinsic renal AKI. A total of 205 patients with renal intrinsic AKI were enrolled.

OsmC in Corynebacterium glutamicum was a thiol-dependent organic hydroperoxide reductase.

Bacterial antioxidants play a vital role in the detoxification of exogenous peroxides. Several antioxidant defenses including low-molecular-weight thiols (LMWTs) and protective enzymes were developed to help the bacterium withstand the adverse stress. Although osmotically induced bacterial protein C (OsmC), classified as the organic hydroperoxide reductase (Ohr)/OsmC superfamily, has been demonstrated in some mycobacterial species, including M.

Uplift, climate and biotic changes at the Eocene-Oligocene transition in south-eastern Tibet.

The uplift history of south-eastern Tibet is crucial to understanding processes driving the tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding areas. Underpinning existing palaeoaltimetric studies has been regional mapping based in large part on biostratigraphy that assumes a Neogene modernization of the highly diverse, but threatened, Asian biota. Here, with new radiometric dating and newly collected plant-fossil archives, we quantify the surface height of part of the south-eastern margin of Tibet in the latest Eocene (∼34 Ma) to be ∼3 km and rising, possibly attaining its present elevation (3.

Photophysical Properties Controlled by Substituents with Lone-Pair Electrons at the Ortho- or Para-Positions of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics.

The ortho- or para-substituents of NH or N-alkyl-containing lone-pair electrons were found to change the energy levels and transition configurations of the highest occupied molecular orbital for some fluoroquinolone-based antibiotics (FQs) and can significantly influence the electronic structure, intermolecular hydrogen bonding, internal conversion, and fluorescence and intersystem crossing efficiencies of FQs in acetonitrile or aqueous solution after photoexcitation. These findings provide new insights that can help in the molecular design strategies to regulate the photophysical properties of photosensitive medicines, photodynamic therapy reagents, and energy conversion materials that contain similar aromatic carbonyl structures.

Stomatal frequency of Quercus glauca from three material sources shows the same inverse response to atmospheric pCO2.

Background And Aims: The inverse correlation between atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) and stomatal frequency in many plants has been widely used to estimate palaeo-CO2 levels. However, apparent discrepancies exist among the obtained estimates. This study attempts to find a potential proxy for palaeo-CO2 concentrations by analysing the stomatal frequency of Quercus glauca (section Cyclobalanopsis, Fagaceae), a dominant species in East Asian sub-tropical forests with abundant fossil relatives.

Inflammation Response of Water-Soluble Fractions in Atmospheric Fine Particulates: A Seasonal Observation in 10 Large Chinese Cities.

Spatiotemporal trends in pro-inflammatory (interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8) release after exposure to the water-soluble fractions of PM sampled in 10 large Chinese cities over 1 year were investigated. Chemical components (water-soluble ions, metal(loid) elements, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), humic-like substances (HULIS), and endotoxins) in PM samples were measured, and the molecular structure of WSOC was also analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. Changes in DNA methylation and gene expression of candidate genes were also evaluated to explore the potential mechanisms.

Application of PICCO During Anesthesia of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Ventricular Isolation Plasty Due to Left Ventricular Aneurysm.

Introduction: Left ventricular aneurysm is a common complication type of myocardial infarction. Percutaneous ventricular restoration (PVR) is a new and minimally invasive surgical method for left ventricular aneurysm. Due to its complication and high demand on the surgeon, careful cooperation of anesthesia work is of great significance for the successful implementation of the operation.

Experimental microdissection enables functional harmonisation of pancreatic cancer subtypes.

Objective: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has among the highest stromal fractions of any cancer and this has attempts at expression-based molecular classification. The goal of this work is to profile purified samples of human PDA epithelium and stroma and examine their respective contributions to gene expression in bulk PDA samples.

Design: We used laser capture microdissection (LCM) and RNA sequencing to profile the expression of 60 matched pairs of human PDA malignant epithelium and stroma samples.

OhsR acts as an organic peroxide-sensing transcriptional activator using an S-mycothiolation mechanism in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Background: Corynebacterium glutamicum is a well-known producer of various L-amino acids in industry. During the fermenting process, C. glutamicum unavoidably encounters oxidative stress due to a specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by consistent adverse conditions.

CosR is an oxidative stress sensing a MarR-type transcriptional repressor in .

The MarR family is unique to both bacteria and archaea. The members of this family, one of the most prevalent families of transcriptional regulators in bacteria, enable bacteria to adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as the presence of antibiotics, toxic chemicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly by thiol-disulfide switches. Although the genome of encodes a large number of the putative MarR-type transcriptional regulators, their physiological and biochemical functions have so far been limited to only two proteins, regulator of oxidative stress response RosR and quinone oxidoreductase regulator QosR.

Exosome-mediated microRNA-138 and vascular endothelial growth factor in endometriosis through inflammation and apoptosis via the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway.

Endometriosis (Ems) is a condition that refers to the ectopic implantation and growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of microRNA‑138 (miR‑138) in Ems and the possible underlying mechanism. Flow cytometry was measured CD11b level, cell proliferation was measured using MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays was analyzed using LDH activity kits.

Myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Ino-1) functions as a protection mechanism in Corynebacterium glutamicum under oxidative stress.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in aerobic metabolism and oxidative stress lead to macromolecules damage, such as to proteins, lipids, and DNA, which can be eliminated by the redox buffer mycothiol (AcCys-GlcN-Ins, MSH). Myo-inositol-phosphate synthase (Ino-1) catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of MSH, thus playing a critical role in the growth of the organism. Although Ino-1s have been systematically studied in eukaryotes, their physiological and biochemical functions remain largely unknown in bacteria.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Dual-Target Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Phosphodiesterase 9A (PDE9A) for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.

A series of dual-target AChE/PDE9A inhibitor compounds were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anti-Alzheimer's Disease (AD) agents. Among these target compounds, 11a (AChE: IC = 0.048 μM; PDE9A: IC = 0.

Function of alkyl hydroperoxidase AhpD in resistance to oxidative stress in Corynebacterium glutamicum.

Alkyl hydroperoxidase reductase AhpD, which is functionally equivalent to the bacterial flavin-containing disulfide reductase AhpF, acts as a proton donor for the organic peroxide-scavenging alkyl hydroperoxidase AhpC. Although AhpD has long been demonstrated in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, its physiological and biochemical functions remain largely unknown in other actinobacteria, including Corynebacterium glutamicum, Streptomyces, and Mycobacterium smegmatis. Here, we report that C.

Dingchuan tang essential oil inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators via suppressing the IRAK/NF-κB, IRAK/AP-1, and TBK1/IRF3 pathways in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.

Background: Dingchuan tang (asthma-relieving decoction), a formula of nine herbs, has been used for treating respiratory inflammatory diseases for >400 years in the People's Republic of China. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory action of dingchuan tang is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of Dingchuan tang essential oil (DCEO) on inflammatory mediators and the underlying mechanism of action.

Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Impairments Induced by Formaldehyde in Non-Human Primates.

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) has been implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology as an age-related factor and as a protein cross-linker known to aggregate Amyloid-Beta (Aβ) and tau protein in vitro. Higher levels of FA have also been found in patients with greater cognitive impairment and in AD patient brains.

Objective: To directly evaluate the effect of chronically elevated FA levels on the primate brain with respect to AD pathological markers.

Genome-Wide Survey of Invertase Encoding Genes and Functional Characterization of an Extracellular Fungal Pathogen-Responsive Invertase in .

Invertases are essential enzymes that irreversibly catalyze the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) are glycosylated proteins and exert fundamental roles in plant growth as well as in response to environmental cues. As yet, comprehensive insight into invertase encoding genes are lacking in .

A primitive honey bee from the Middle Miocene deposits of southeastern Yunnan, China (Hymenoptera, Apidae).

While fossils of honey bees (Apini: Linnaeus) are comparatively abundant in European Oligocene and Miocene deposits, the available material from Asia is scant and represented by only a handful of localities. It is therefore significant to report a new deposit with a fossil honey bee from southern China. Apis (Synapis) dalica Engel & Wappler, , is described and figured from Middle Miocene sediments of Maguan County, southeastern Yunnan Province, China.

Evaluating the pathogenic potential of genes with de novo variants in epileptic encephalopathies.

Epileptic encephalopathies comprise a group of catastrophic epilepsies with heterogeneous genetic etiology. Although next-generation sequencing techniques can reveal a number of de novo variants in epileptic encephalopathies, evaluating the pathogenicity of these variants can be challenging. Determining the pathogenic potential of genes in epileptic encephalopathies is critical before evaluating the pathogenicity of variants identified in an individual.

, , and Alleles Associated with Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis in a Chinese Population: A Single-Center Cohort Study.

Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is a common cause of acute kidney injury with various origins. , , and have been associated with development of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome in case reports and small case series, but information about HLA genetic susceptibility to drug hypersensitivity-related ATIN (D-ATIN) or other types of ATIN is limited. In this article, we genotyped 154 patients with ATIN of different causes and 200 healthy controls at , , and - loci.

The Design of Elderly Fracture Rehabilitation Software Based on "Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model".

Guided by the information-motivation-behavioral skills IMB) model theoryan application software with the man-machine interactive unity is designed for meeting the elderly fracture patients' rehabilitation. The software is based on the present situation and rehabilitation needs of elderly patients with fracture rehabilitation training. It provides professional guidance and rehabilitation intervention, influences the rehabilitation behavior of elderly fracture patients from information and motivation factors, and promotes the quality of the implementation of active rehabilitation.

FTO is a transcriptional repressor to auto-regulate its own gene and potentially associated with homeostasis of body weight.

Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein is a ferrous ion (Fe2+)/2-oxoglutarate (2-OG)-dependent demethylase preferentially catalyzing m6A sites in RNA. The FTO gene is highly expressed in the hypothalamus with fluctuation in response to various nutritional conditions, which is believed to be involved in the control of whole body metabolism. However, the underlying mechanism in response to different nutritional cues remains poorly understood.

Evodiamine, a Novel NOTCH3 Methylation Stimulator, Significantly Suppresses Lung Carcinogenesis and .

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. NOTCH3 signaling is mainly expressed in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), and has been proposed as a therapeutic target of NSCLC. While, few agents for preventing or treating NSCLC via targeting NOTCH3 signaling are used in modern clinical practice.

Comparison of the chemical profiles and inflammatory mediator-inhibitory effects of three Siegesbeckia herbs used as Herba Siegesbeckiae (Xixiancao).

Background: Herba Siegesbeckiae (HS, Xixiancao in Chinese) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb for soothing joints. In ancient materia medica books, HS is recorded to be the aerial part of Siegesbeckia pubescens Makino (SP) which is also the only origin of HS in the 1963 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopeia (ChP). The aerial parts of Siegesbeckia orientalis L.