Improving SERS biosensors for the analysis of ovarian cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are lipid bilayer vesicles that carry key molecules (, proteins, DNAs, RNAs, and lipids) for cell-to-cell communication, being regarded as promising biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. However, the detection of sEVs is still challenging due to their unique characteristics such as size and phenotype heterogeneity. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) assay is a promising tool for sEV analysis as it shows the advantages of robustness, high sensitivity, and specificity.

Apigenin impedes cell cycle progression at G phase in prostate cancer cells.

As a natural flavone, apigenin is abundantly present in vegetables, fruits, oregano, tea, chamomile, wheat sprout and is regarded as a major component of the Mediterranean diet. Apigenin is known to inhibit proliferation in different cancer cell lines by inducing G/M arrest, but it is unclear whether this action is predominantly imposed on G or M phases. In this study, we demonstrate that apigenin arrests prostate cancer cells at G phase by flow cytometric analysis of prostate cancer cells co-stained for phospho-Histone H3 and DNA.

Agrimol B present in Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb impedes cell cycle progression of cancer cells through G state arrest.

Cancer recurrence poses a significant challenge. At the cellular level, recurrence takes place as a result of reactivation of dormant cancer cells residing at G phase. The aim of the study was to identify compounds that can trap prostate and lung cancer cells in G phase from a new Chinese herb recipe, Astringent recipe, consisting of Radix Paeoniae Alba, Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb, Fructus Mume, Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.

CPF impedes cell cycle re-entry of quiescent lung cancer cells through transcriptional suppression of FACT and c-MYC.

Blockade of cell cycle re-entry in quiescent cancer cells is a strategy to prevent cancer progression and recurrence. We investigated the action and mode of action of CPF mixture (Coptis chinensis, Pinellia ternata and Fructus trichosanthis) in impeding a proliferative switch in quiescent lung cancer cells. The results indicated that CPF impeded cell cycle re-entry in quiescent lung cancer cells by reduction of FACT and c-MYC mRNA and protein levels, with concomitant decrease in H3K4 tri-methylation and RNA polymerase II occupancy at FACT and c-MYC promoter regions.

Transcriptional regulation of G/M regulatory proteins and perturbation of G/M Cell cycle transition by a traditional Chinese medicine recipe.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (H) and Scutellaria barbata D.Don (S) are ancient anti-cancer Chinese herb medicines.

The histone chaperone complex FACT promotes proliferative switch of G cancer cells.

Cancer cell repopulation through cell cycle re-entry by quiescent (G ) cell is thought to be an important mechanism behind treatment failure and cancer recurrence. Facilitates Chromatin Transcription (FACT) is involved in DNA repair, replication and transcription by eviction of histones or loosening their contact with DNA. While FACT expression is known to be high in a range of cancers, the biological significance of the aberrant increase is not clear.

p27(Kip1) signaling: Transcriptional and post-translational regulation.

p27(Kip1) is an inhibitor of a broad spectrum of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and the loss of a single p27(Kip1) allele is thereby sufficient to increase tumor incidence via CDK-mediated cell cycle entry. As such, down-regulation of p27(Kip1) protein levels, in particular nuclear expressed p27(Kip1), is implicated in both disease progression and poor prognosis in a variety of cancers. p27(Kip1) expression is positively regulated by the transcription factor MENIN, and inhibited by oncogenic transcription factors MYC and PIM.