Collaborative activities in a biological dosimetry network for radiation emergencies in South Korea.

Purpose: Biological dosimetry is an essential analytic method to estimate the absorbed radiation dose in the human body by measuring changes in biomolecules after radiation exposure. Joint response in a network to mass-casualty radiation incidents is one way to overcome the limitations of biological dosimetry, sharing the workload among laboratories. This study aimed to investigate the current performance, collaborative activities and technical advances of the Korea biodosimetry network (K-BioDos), and suggest the future directions toward successful joint response.

Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis: A case report.

A 57-year-old female presented with chest discomfort and exertional dyspnea but no other respiratory symptoms or history of malignancy. Chest CT revealed multifocal centrilobular nodules with ground-glass opacity in both lungs. Thoracoscopic wedge resection was done, and histological examination confirmed interstitial meningothelial-like nodules, consistent with diffuse meningotheliomatosis.

Single Layer of Crown Ether Enables Efficient, Stable, and Pb Leakage-Free Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

Significant challenges in ensuring long-term stability, addressing environmental safety issues, and improving efficiency have hindered the commercialization of inverted Pb-based halide perovskite solar cells (PeSCs). One reasonable approach to addressing these issues is to place an effective buffer layer between the perovskite active layer and the electrode. In this study, we demonstrate the use of crown ether, di--butyl dibenzo-18-crown-6, as a single buffer layer to improve the efficiency, long-term stability, and environmental safety of PeSCs for the first time.

Chromatin remodeling-driven autophagy activation induces cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

It is still challenging to predict the efficacy of cisplatin-based therapy, particularly in relation to the activation of macroautophagy/autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We studied the effect of selected chromatin remodeling genes on the cisplatin resistance and their interplay with autophagy in 3-dimensional tumor model and xenografts. We analyzed gene expression patterns in the cisplatin-sensitive UMSCC1, and a paired cisplatin-resistant UM-Cis cells.

Radiation dose estimation with multiple artificial neural networks in dicentric chromosome assay.

Purpose: The dicentric chromosome assay (DCA), often referred to as the 'gold standard' in radiation dose estimation, exhibits significant challenges as a consequence of its labor-intensive nature and dependency on expert knowledge. Existing automated technologies face limitations in accurately identifying dicentric chromosomes (DCs), resulting in decreased precision for radiation dose estimation. Furthermore, in the process of identifying DCs through automatic or semi-automatic methods, the resulting distribution could demonstrate under-dispersion or over-dispersion, which results in significant deviations from the Poisson distribution.

Mitigation of Silicon Contamination in Fuel Cell Gasket Materials through Silica Surface Treatment.

Gaskets and seals are essential components in the operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and are required for keeping hydrogen and air/oxygen within their individual compartments. The durability of these gaskets and seals is necessary, as it influences not only the lifespan but also the electrochemical efficiency of the PEM fuel cell. In this study, the cause of silicon leaching from silicone gaskets under simulated fuel cell conditions was investigated.

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Mollusca species shell such as oyster shell (OS) and snail shell (SS), are discarded after taking the meat, and the discarded shell causes the environmental problems. Therefore, recycling shell waste could potentially eliminate the environmental problems. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of OS and SS as natural calcium resources.

Akkermansia muciniphila extracellular vesicles have a protective effect against hypertension.

Akkermansia muciniphila (Am) shows a beneficial role as a probiotic in the treatment of metabolic syndrome. However, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that Am extracellular vesicles (AmEVs) have a protective effect against hypertension.

Lessons on harmonization of scoring criteria for dicentric chromosome assay in South Korea.

Purpose: Networking with other biodosimetry laboratories is necessary to assess the radiation exposure of many individuals in large-scale radiological accidents. The Korea biodosimetry network, K-BioDos, prepared harmonized scoring guidelines for dicentric chromosome assay to obtain homogeneous results within the network and investigated the efficiency of the guidelines.

Materials And Methods: Three laboratories in K-BioDos harmonized the scoring guidelines for dicentric chromosome assay.

Metastatic Histiocytic Sarcoma with Secondary Involvement of the Skin: A Case Report.

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant neoplasm of presumed hematopoietic origin, showing morphologic and immunophenotypic evidence of histiocytic differentiation. A 61-year-old woman presented with an abdominal mass. She had a history of HS in both adrenal glands.

Dutasteride in the treatment of frontal fibrosing alopecia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a scarring alopecia with fronto-temporo-parietal hairline recession. Although no proven treatment for FFA exists, dutasteride has been suggested as a potential treatment option. We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic response of oral dutasteride in FFA patients.

Differential effect of cancer-associated fibroblast-derived extracellular vesicles on cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma miR-876-3p.

Platinum-based chemotherapy is commonly used for treating solid tumors, but drug resistance often limits its effectiveness. Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-derived extracellular vesicle (EV), which carry various miRNAs, have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance. However, the molecular mechanism through which CAFs modulate cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not well understood.

Biological dosimetry dose-response curves for residents living near nuclear power plants in South Korea.

The purpose of this study was to establish the dose-response curves for biological dosimetry of the Dong Nam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences to monitor radiation exposure of local residents in the vicinity of the nuclear power plant. The blood samples of five healthy volunteers were irradiated with gamma ray, and each sample was divided equally for analysis of chromosomal aberrations by Giemsa staining and three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization painting of the triplet (chromosomes #1, #2, and #4). The results of chromosomal aberrations followed the Poisson distribution in all individual and averaged data which include inter-individual variation in radiation susceptibility.

Dicentric chromosome assay using a deep learning-based automated system.

The dicentric chromosome assay is the "gold standard" in biodosimetry for estimating radiation exposure. However, its large-scale deployment is limited owing to its time-consuming nature and requirement for expert reviewers. Therefore, a recently developed automated system was evaluated for the dicentric chromosome assay.

Combined Administration of Pravastatin and Metformin Attenuates Acute Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mouse and Minipig Models.

Radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) damage is one of the critical factors that serve as basis for the lethality of nuclear accidents or terrorism. Further, there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved agents available to mitigate radiation-induced intestinal injury. Although pravastatin (PS) has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory and epithelial reconstructive effects following radiation exposure using mouse and minipig models, the treatment failed to improve the survival rate of high-dose irradiated intestinal injury.

Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and Incidence of Venous Thromboembolism in the General Population: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.

To date, the relationship between air pollutants and venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been well established. Our aim is to investigate the association between ambient air pollutants and the incidence of VTE using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) database. From 2003 to 2015, 338,616 subjects from the general population not previously diagnosed with VTE were included.

Metformin Protects the Intestinal Barrier by Activating Goblet Cell Maturation and Epithelial Proliferation in Radiation-Induced Enteropathy.

Radiotherapy or accidental exposure to high-dose radiation can cause severe damage to healthy organs. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a radiation-sensitive organ of the body. The intestinal barrier is the first line of defense in the GI tract, and consists of mucus secreted by goblet cells and a monolayer of epithelium.