Publications by authors named "Su Hyun Shin"

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide. However, it is still urgent to develop innovative treatments that can effectively manage refractory patients with unpredictable chronic disease courses. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) as a novel agent for AD treatment using a human-like mouse model of AD.

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This study examines how functional disability worsens among older adults exposed to extreme heat, particularly those socially isolated. Analyzing data from over 35,000 older adults aged 50 or older from the Health and Retirement Study from 1996-2018, this study found that more frequent exposure to extreme heat is associated with an increase in the number of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) that older adults find difficulty in performing over time. This heat-related disability progression is greater among those living alone and not working.

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Article Synopsis
  • This study investigates how extreme heat affects cognitive function in older adults, focusing on risk and protective factors using a social-ecological model.
  • Data from the Health and Retirement Study (1996-2016) was analyzed to see how extreme heat days impact fluid and crystallized intelligence scores in older adults aged 50 and up, considering factors like education and social interaction.
  • Results indicated that extreme heat negatively impacted fluid intelligence, with educational level, physical activity, and social engagement helping to mitigate these effects, suggesting the need for policies to enhance resilience in older adults during heat events.
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Excessive neutrophil infiltration into the tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important factor that contributes to tumor overgrowth and limited immunotherapy efficacy. Neutrophils activate various receptors involved in tumor progression, while suppressing the infiltration and activity of cytotoxic T cells and creating optimal conditions for tumor growth. Therefore, the appropriate control of neutrophil infiltration is an effective strategy for tumor treatment.

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During the COVID-19 pandemic, climate-related natural hazards, such as wildfires, storms/hurricanes, and others (e.g., earthquakes, tornadoes), further disrupted the normal functioning of US residents.

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Introduction: Although physical activity (PA) is crucial for health, the literature is mixed about how individuals' PA decisions are affected by their spouses. To fill this gap, we examined the extent to which providing care for one spouse affects the PA of the other spouse among those aged 50 or older in the United States.

Methods: We analyzed 9,173 older adults living with their spouses or partners from the 2004 to 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study.

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Background: The PD-L1 antibody is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) attracting attention. The third-generation anticancer drug has been proven to be very effective due to fewer side effects and higher tumor-specific reactions than conventional anticancer drugs. However, as tumors produce additional resistance in the host immune system, the effectiveness of ICI is gradually weakening.

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The COVID-19 pandemic influenced individuals' anxiety and depression across the United States over a short period, and some Americans relied on drugs for coping. This study examines American adults' drug use trajectories in response to changing anxiety and depression levels during the COVID-19 pandemic and the moderating role of substance use disorder (SUD) services provided by non-profit facilities in anxiety/depression-induced drug use. Heterogeneity in such relationships is further explored based on race/ethnicity.

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Chemotherapy induces tumor cell death and inhibits tumor progression, but the accompanying immune responses in the surrounding dying tissue cause significant inflammation. These responses, such as excessive neutrophil infiltration into tumor tissue, are the main causes of resistance to anticancer treatment. The development of drugs that reduce neutrophil infiltration into tumors is necessary to increase the anticancer effect of chemotherapy.

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Extracellular adenosine in the tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in cancer development. Specifically, activation of adenosine receptors affects tumor cell growth and adenosine release. We examined the anti-tumor efficacy of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) in animal models, revealing the role of PLAG in inhibiting tumor progression by promoting the degradation of adenosine 2B receptors (A2BRs) in tumors.

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Article Synopsis
  • Chemotherapy can cause serious weight loss and muscle loss in cancer patients, making treatment really hard for them.
  • A study with mice showed that a substance called PLAG helped prevent weight loss and muscle damage caused by chemotherapy.
  • PLAG made the levels of certain harmful substances in the body go back to normal and helped the mice recover, suggesting it could help cancer patients in the future.
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Although individuals with autism are at greater risk of mental health challenges than others, we know little about the relationship between the mental health of older adults (50+) and autism because they are less likely to be diagnosed. Identifying the risk and protective factors that are associated with mental health can increase educational awareness, inform clinical practice, and provide information to help diagnose and treat older adults with autism. This study used longitudinal panel data of the 2008-2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study.

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Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the role of purpose in life in the relationship between widowhood and cognitive decline.

Methods: This study used a sample of 12,856 respondents (20,408 observations) collected from a national panel survey, the 2006-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), that sampled older adults aged 50 or older. The study estimated growth-curve models with years since spousal death, purpose in life, and interaction between the two to predict cognition using three measures-total cognition, fluid, and crystallized intelligence scores.

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Background: Although natural disasters can threaten health and well-being, some people show greater resilience to their effects than others. Identifying the characteristics related to resilience has important implications for reducing the health risks in the aftermath of a disaster.

Objective: Using the Conservation of Resources Theory as a framework, we study the role of resources in moderating the adverse effects of natural disasters on people's health and coping behaviors.

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The present study examines whether people respond heterogeneously to statewide social distancing mandates as a function of factors that proxy for health risk, economic insecurity, and media consumption. Using longitudinal data of 7400 American adults between March 10 and June 23, 2020, the study examines social-distancing and mask-wearing behaviors. We use a staggered difference-in-difference model to explore whether state policies lead to preventive behaviors.

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Objectives: This study investigated whether and to what extent widowhood status is related to engagement in advance care planning (ACP), and further whether race/ethnicity moderated the relation.

Methods: We analyzed a total of 11,257 older Americans from the Health and Retirement Study using random-effect regression models after controlling for covariates and year-fixed effects.

Results: We found that both being a widow/widower ever and having been widowed for a longer period of time were associated with a higher probability of engagement in ACP.

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We investigate how the genetic risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD) relates to saving behavior. Using nationally representative data from the 1996-2014 Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we find that genetic predisposition for AD correlates with, but is not causally related to how older individuals' hold wealth in different asset types. People with a higher AD polygenic risk score (PGS) hold roughly 20 per cent less wealth in IRAs and contribute about 24 percent less to IRAs between survey periods.

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Background And Objectives: This study explored whether the intensity of cognitive activities could moderate the relationship between a genetic predisposition for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive functioning among older adults in the United States. Furthermore, we examined whether the same moderating effects were dependent on different measures of cognition.

Research Design And Methods: We used a data set from the 2000-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study and the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey.

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Acute gouty arthritis is an auto-inflammatory disease caused by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in joints or tissues. Excessive neutrophil recruitment into gouty lesions is a general clinical sign and induces a pain phenotype. Attenuation of successive periods of neutrophil infiltration might be a beneficial approach to achieve therapeutic efficacy.

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Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether necroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of chemoradiation-induced oral mucositis in a murine model and whether 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) ameliorates this disorder.

Materials And Methods: A chemoradiation-induced oral mucositis model was established by treating mice with concurrent 5-fluorouracil (100 mg/kg, i.p.

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Acute lung injury (ALI) is an acute respiratory failure that is associated with excessive neutrophil recruitment and high mortality. To assess the efficacy of 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG) as a therapeutic agent for ALI, this compound was administered orally to mice challenged with an intranasal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using this model, we found that PLAG promotes resolution of ALI through effective control of LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration, endothelial permeability, and inflammatory chemokine production.

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Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) occurs as a result of partial- or whole-body, high-dose exposure to radiation in a very short period of time. Survival is dependent on the severity of the hematopoietic sub-syndrome of ARS. In this study, we investigated the mitigating effects of a lipid molecule, 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-3-acetyl-rac-glycerol (PLAG), on the kinetics of hematopoietic cells, including absolute neutrophil count (ANC), red blood cells (RBCs) and platelet counts, in mice after gamma-ray total-body irradiation (TBI).

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Objective: This study examined whether having a sense of purpose in life protects against cognitive decline among older adults and whether purpose in life moderates the relationship between selected risk factors (age, sex, and race/ethnicity) and cognitive abilities.

Methods: This was a longitudinal analysis of existing secondary data of adults (N = 11,557) aged 50 or older using the 2006-2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. The study measured purpose in life, cognitive functioning score, and various covariates.

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Streptozotocin (STZ) acts specifically on pancreatic beta cells, inducing cell destruction and cell dysfunction, resulting in diabetes. Many studies have reported that nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a main regulator of antioxidant expression, prevents and improves diabetes-related diseases. In this study, we investigated the antidiabetic effect of the newly discovered Nrf2 activator, HX-1171, in the STZ-induced diabetic mouse model.

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Objectives: This study investigated whether widowhood status has an effect on cognitive decline among older adults in the United States.

Design: Longitudinal analysis of existing secondary data.

Setting: The 1996-2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study.

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