10% carbon dioxide improves cognitive function after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats: inhibiting neuronal apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Many patients experience long-term cognitive dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and effective treatments are currently lacking. Carbon dioxide (CO2), an inexpensive and easily produced gas, forms carbonic acid when dissolved in water. Studies have suggested that hypercapnia may have neuroprotective effects.

Overcoming immune evasion with innovative multi-target approaches for glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) cells leverage complex endogenous and environmental regulatory mechanisms to drive proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor immune evasion, facilitated by a multifactorial network, poses a significant challenge to effective therapy, as evidenced by the limited clinical benefits of monotherapies, highlighting the adaptive nature of immune evasion. This review explores glioblastoma's immune evasion mechanisms, the role of ICIs in the tumor microenvironment, and recent clinical advancements, offering theoretical insights and directions for monotherapy and combination therapy in glioblastoma management.

Clinical outcome changes in sarcopenic obesity: a meta-analysis of exercise training methods.

Aim: Assessing the effect of various forms of exercise training on patients with sarcopenic obesity.

Methods: Two independent reviewers systematically searched English and Chinese databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI) for randomized controlled trials on various exercise training effects in sarcopenic obesity patients until October 2023. Reference materials and grey literature were also included.

Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Different Rehabilitation Methods on Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objective: The rehabilitation methods after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can affect the recovery of complications and joint function, and the selection and comparison of rehabilitation methods after TKA still need further research.

Methods: A comprehensive search of five databases and two clinical trial registration platforms was conducted from inception through March 31, 2024, and conducted to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We extracted the required data according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.

Structure based release kinetics analysis of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets using micro-computed tomography.

The structures of solid dosage forms determine their release behaviors and are critical attributes for the design and evaluation of the solid dosage forms. Here, the 3D structures of doxazosin mesylate sustained-release tablets were parallelly assessed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). There were no significant differences observed in the release profiles between the RLD and the generic formulation in the conventional dissolution, but the generic preparation released slightly faster in media with ethanol during an alcohol-induced dose-dumping test.

Comparative analysis of tracking and behavioral patterns between wild-type and genetically modified fruit flies using computer vision and statistical methods.

Collective animal behavior occurs in groups and swarms at almost every biological scale, from single-celled organisms to the largest animals on Earth. The intriguing mysteries behind these group behaviors have attracted many scholars, and while it is known that models can reproduce qualitative features of such complex behaviors, this requires data from real animals to demonstrate, and obtaining data on the exact features of these groups is tricky. In this paper, we propose the Hidden Markov Unscented Tracker (HMUT), which combines the state prediction capability of HMM and the high-precision nonlinear processing capability of UKF.

Importance of hip capsular repair in total hip arthroplasty (THA) via the posterior lateral approach: a five year retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the impact of repairing the hip joint capsule during posterior-lateral approach total hip arthroplasty (THA) on postoperative hip joint function and late dislocation incidence.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study included 413 patients, divided into experimental (hip joint capsule repair, n = 204) and control (hip joint capsule excision, n = 209) groups. Patients were followed for five years, evaluating postoperative hip range of motion (ROM), dislocation rate, VAS and HHS scores, inflammatory and coagulation markers, hospitalization, blood loss, and body composition.

The effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate or HMB-rich nutritional supplements on sarcopenia patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sarcopenia is a progressive, systemic skeletal muscle disorder. Resistance exercise and physical activity have been proven effective in its treatment, but consensus on pharmacological interventions has not yet been reached in clinical practice. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) is a nutritional supplement that has demonstrated favorable effects on muscle protein turnover, potentially contributing to beneficial impacts on sarcopenia.

The heart rate response to the 6-min walk test in atrial fibrillation patients with or without beta-blockers: Referring to patients with sinus rhythm.

Background: The aim was to evaluate the effect of beta-blockers (BB) on the response of heart rate (HR) to 6-min walk test (6MWT) in atrial fibrillation (AF) and whether the AF patients treated with BB have a similar HR response to 6MWT as the AF and sinus rhythm (SR) patients without BB treatment at the same resting HR level.

Methods: The before-after study involving 74 AF patients was to evaluate the effect of BB treatment (pre-BB and with BB). The comparison study included 74 BB-treated AF patients (with BB), 74 matched AF patients without BB (no BB), and 74 SR patients.

Clinical Efficacy of Intra-articular Tranexamic Acid Injection in the Management of Hemophilia with Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 24-month Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) effectively treats end-stage hemophilic hip arthropathy. Given hemophilia's unique characteristics, perioperative bleeding remains a significant risk for patients undergoing THA. Tranexamic acid (TXA), an efficient antifibrinolytic agent, may benefit the outcomes of THA for patients with hemophilia (PWH).

Massage for rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of massage for postoperative rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Data Sources: The PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were systematically searched from inception to May 2024.

Study Selection: Any randomized controlled trials on the use of massage for postoperative TKA rehabilitation were included.

Intelligent quality control of traditional chinese medical tongue diagnosis images based on deep learning.

Background: Computer-aided tongue and face diagnosis technology can make Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) more standardized, objective and quantified. However, many tongue images collected by the instrument may not meet the standard in clinical applications, which affects the subsequent quantitative analysis. The common tongue diagnosis instrument cannot determine whether the patient has fully extended the tongue or collected the face.

The association between weight-adjusted-waist index and sarcopenia in adults: a population-based study.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI), a new body index, and sarcopenia, while also assessing the potential of WWI as a tool for screening sarcopenic patients. The cross-sectional study involved adults who possessed complete data on WWI and appendicular skeletal muscle mass from the 1999-2006 and 2011-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Weighted multivariate regression and logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the independent relationship between WWI and sarcopenia.

Factors influencing periprosthetic bone mineral density in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Introduction: Following total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is a significant decline in periprosthetic bone mineral density (BMD), potentially resulting in complications such as prosthetic loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and influencing the postoperative recovery. The objective of this study was to summarize the factors influencing periprosthetic BMD in TKA from existing studies.

Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was performed in 4 databases: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library.

Risk of low bone mineral density in patients with haemophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Patients with haemophilia (PWH) may have lower bone mineral density (BMD). The risk of low BMD in PWH has not been comprehensively analysed. This study aimed to examine the risk of low BMD and changes in BMD in PWH.

Assessing the risk of intracranial aneurysm rupture using computational fluid dynamics: a pilot study.

Objective: This study compared 2 representative cases with ruptured aneurysms to explore the role of hemodynamic and morphological parameters in evaluating the rupture risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs).

Methods: CTA and 3-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA) of 3 IAs in 2 patients were retrospectively analyzed in this study. Hemodynamics and morphological parameters were compared between a ruptured IA and an unruptured IA in case1, and between before and after aneurysm rupture in case 2.

Bleeder's Femur: The Proximal Femoral Morphology in Hemophilic Patients Who Underwent Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Patients with hemophilia (PWH) constantly suffer hemarthrosis, which leads to deformity of the hip joint. Therefore, PWH who are going to receive total hip arthroplasty (THA) should be exclusively treated before the surgery with careful measurement of their proximal femur. Hence, we conducted a retrospective study to explore the anatomical parameters of and differences in the proximal femur in hemophilic patients who underwent THA.

Modified osteochondral autograft transplantation for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: a case report and literature.

Osteochondral autograft transplantation (OAT) has been commonly applied in the knee and ankle while the technique has not yet been a popularity in the femoral head. In this article, we present a 28-year-old female patient, who has a history of 1-year-use of glucocorticoid in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). She underwent surgical hip dislocation, osteochondroplasty, OAT, and internal fixation.

Inter-arm blood pressure difference in post-stroke patients with hemiparesis.

The aim of this study was to investigate that inter-arm blood pressure (BP) difference (IAD) and reference arm in 420 post-stroke patients with hemiparesis. Synchronous bilateral-arm BP was measured with two automatic BP devices, and the systolic BP difference of ≥10 mm Hg was recorded as increased sIAD. The arm with higher systolic BP (SBP) was assigned as the reference arm.

Intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in patients with haemophilia arthritis: retrospective controlled study in total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Total knee arthroplasty is the main method for the treatment of advanced haemophilic knee arthritis. Due to the particularity of hemophilia, the blood management plan is the focus of the perioperative period for haemophilia patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical effect and safety of intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in patients with haemophilia.

The Effect of Three Different Cuff/Arm Circumference Ratios Ranging over 80% on Cuff Blood Pressure Measurements.

We aimed to explore whether the cuff/arm (C/A) circumference ratio within the suggested range (> 80%) affects the accuracy of mercury cuff blood pressure (BP) measurement (cuff BP) using intrabrachial BP (IABP) as a reference.A total of 253 patients aged 62.42 ± 9.

Organic Cathode with Dual-Type Multielectron Reaction Centers for High-Energy-Density Lithium Primary Batteries.

Organic electrode materials are composed of abundant elements, have diverse and designable molecular structures, and are relatively easily synthesized, promising a bright future for low-cost and large-scale energy storage. However, they are facing low specific capacity and low energy density. Herein, we report a high-energy-density organic electrode material, 1,5-dinitroanthraquinone, which is composed of two kinds of electrochemically active sites of nitro and carbonyl groups.