Groundwater Contamination Due to Activities of an Intensive Hog Farming Operation Located on a Geologic Fault in East Mediterranean: A Study on COD, BOD₅ and Microbial Load.

The application of treated animal wastewater produced in intensive fog farming operations (IHFOs) on surface soil, leads to groundwater contamination. In this study, the contamination of a Mediterranean aquifer caused by long-term application of treated wastewater, produced by an IHFO, on a plot with a geologic fault within the IHFO boundaries, was investigated. Groundwater samples were taken from monitoring wells close to the IHFO.

Effects of an intensive hog farming operation on groundwater in east Mediterranean (II): a study on K⁺, Na⁺, Cl ⁻, PO₄³⁻-P, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Ni²⁺.

The application of treated animal wastewater generated in concentrated animal feeding operations on surface soil (within farm borders) leads to degradation of groundwater. Effects of an intensive hog farming operation, located at a Mediterranean limestone soil coastal area, on groundwater were investigated. Treated animal wastewater was discharged on a small plot (~10.

Effects of an intensive hog farming operation on groundwater in east Mediterranean (I): a study on electrical conductivity, as well as nitrogen and sulfur nutrients.

The discharge of treated animal wastewater produced in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) on surface soil (within CAFOs borders) leads to groundwater degradation. In this research, groundwater degradation effects of an intensive hog farming operation, located in a Mediterranean area, were investigated. Treated animal wastewater was discharged on a small plot (~10.

Gene expression of human beta defensins-1 and -2 is significantly reduced in non-inflamed keratinized oral tissue of smokers.

Objective: The impact of smoking on the local innate immune response in the oral cavity, and, commonly, on oral health is actively discussed in the scientific literature. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible effects of smoking on gene expression of human beta-defensin-1 and -2 in human gingival tissue.

Material And Methods: Biopsies of keratinized gingival tissues were taken from donors (with written informed consent) undergoing routine surgical treatment.

HBD-1 and hBD-2 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes stimulated with nicotine.

Objective: The impact of nicotine on the local innate immune response in the oral cavity is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effects of nicotine on the gene expression of human beta-defensin-1 and -2 in HaCaT keratinocytes.

Materials And Methods: HaCaTs were cultured in six-well plates in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS at a density of ×10(6).