Harnessing the Phytochemistry Through Pesticidal Potential of Diverse Elsholtzia Species: A Path to Sustainable Agriculture.

This study investigates the phytochemical profiles and pesticidal activities of various Elsholtzia species, including E. ciliata, E. flava, E.

Recent changes to adult national immunization programs for pneumococcal vaccination in Europe and how they impact coverage: A systematic review of published and grey literature.

Despite widespread use of pneumococcal vaccines throughout Europe, the burden of pneumococcal disease (PD) in adults is considerable. To mitigate this burden, National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) agencies assess the value of different vaccine schedules for protecting against PD. The aim of this review was to assess the evidence and rationales used by NITAGs/HTA agencies, when considering recent changes to National Immunization Programs (NIPs) for adults, and how identified changes affected vaccine coverage rates (VCRs).

Environment dependent expression of mycobacterium hormone sensitive lipases: expression pattern under ex-vivo and individual in-vitro stress conditions in M. tuberculosis H37Ra.

Background: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is a neutral lipase capable of hydrolysing various kinds of lipids. In comparison to single human Hormone Sensitive Lipase (hHSL), that is induced under nutritional stress, twelve serine hydrolases are annotated as HSL in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mHSL). Mycobacterium is exposed to multiple stresses inside the host.

Characterization of a novel esterase Rv1497 of Mycobacterium tuberculosisH37Rv demonstrating β-lactamase activity.

The Rv1497 (LipL) of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was predicted to be similar to hypothetical esterases and penicillin binding proteins ofM. tuberculosis as well as to be involved in lipid metabolism. Sequence alignment revealed that Rv1497 protein contains characteristic consensus β-lactamase motif 'SXXK' in addition to a conserve pentapeptide -GXSXG-, characteristic of lipolytic enzymes, at the C-terminus of protein in contrast to its usual N-terminus location.

Characterization of LipN (Rv2970c) of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37Rv and its Probable Role in Xenobiotic Degradation.

LipN (Rv2970c) belongs to the Lip family of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and is homologous to the human Hormone Sensitive Lipase. The enzyme demonstrated preference for short carbon chain substrates with optimal activity at 45°C/pH 8.

Differential expression of two members of Rv1922-LipD operon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Does rv1923 qualify for membership?

rv1922 and rv1923 (lipD) are members of Rv1922-LipD operon in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. rv1922 was expressed under aerobic and stress conditions, whereas rv1923 was not expressed in aerobically grown bacteria but expressed moderately under oxidative stress conditions. Different expression of both the operonic genes under normal and stress conditions posed apprehensions for the inclusion of rv1922 and rv1923 in the same operon.

Characterization of an acid inducible lipase Rv3203 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.

The Rv3203 (LipV) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv, is annotated as a member of Lip family based on the presence of characteristic consensus esterase motif ‘GXSXG’. In vitro culture studies of Mtb H37Ra indicated that expression of Rv3203 gene was up-regulated during acidic stress as compared to normal whereas no expression was observed under nutrient and oxidative stress conditions. Therefore, detailed characterization of Rv3203 was done by gene cloning and its further expression and purification as his-tagged protein in microbial expression system.

Molecular characterization of oxidative stress-inducible LipD of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis has developed intricate strategies to evade the killing of microorganism and support its survival in phagocytes. The genome sequence of bacterium revealed the presence of several genes for lypolytic enzymes. Rv1923 gene, a member of Lip family in M.