Osteoarthritis (OA) can be used as a common name for a group of overlapping pathological conditions when the balance between the processes of degradation and synthesis, in individual parts of the cartilage, is disturbed and leads to gradual cartilage destruction. A preventive approach toward OA helps with a timely diagnosis and subsequent treatment of this disease. One of the significant risk factors affecting development of hip joint OA is the mechanism and magnitude of mechanical loading on the joint.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rate of laser ablation at irradiances of approximately 2 x 10{14} W cm{-2} of solid iron has been measured using the transmission of a neonlike zinc x-ray laser at 21.2 nm through thin iron targets. Ablated iron becomes transparent to the x-ray laser flux, enabling the thickness of unablated material and hence the rate of ablation to be measured from time resolved x-ray laser transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys
April 2006
In this paper we present Hugoniot data for plastic foams obtained with laser-driven shocks. Relative equation-of-state data for foams were obtained using Al as a reference material. The diagnostics consisted in the detection of shock breakout from double layer Al/foam targets.
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