Conceptual framework for increasing legitimacy and trust of sustainability governance.

Unlabelled: While the quantity of sustainability governance initiatives and systems has increased dramatically, crises persist over whether specific governance systems can be trusted as legitimate regulators of the sustainability of economic activities. This paper focuses on conceptual tools to improve our understanding of these crises as well as the facilitating factors and barriers for sustainability governance to play a role in transitioning to profoundly more sustainable societies than those that currently exist. Bioenergy is used throughout the paper as an example to aid contextually in understanding the theoretical and abstract arguments.

Optimization of Dissolution Compartments in a Biorelevant Dissolution Apparatus Golem v2, Supported by Multivariate Analysis.

Biorelevant dissolution instruments represent an important tool for pharmaceutical research and development. These instruments are designed to simulate the dissolution of drug formulations in conditions most closely mimicking the gastrointestinal tract. In this work, we focused on the optimization of dissolution compartments/vessels for an updated version of the biorelevant dissolution apparatus-Golem v2.

Mapping policies for surface water protection zones on forest land in the Nordic-Baltic region: Large differences in prescriptiveness and zone width.

The forest landscape across the Nordic and Baltic regions hosts numerous lakes and watercourses, which must be included in forest management. In this study, national policy designs regarding protection zones for surface waters on forest land were reviewed and compared for the Nordic countries, Estonia and Latvia. The focus was how each country regulates protection zones, whether they are voluntary or mandatory, and the rationale behind adopting a low or high degree of prescriptiveness.

Do forests best mitigate CO emissions to the atmosphere by setting them aside for maximization of carbon storage or by management for fossil fuel substitution?

Forests' potential to mitigate carbon emissions to the atmosphere is heavily debated and a key question is if forests left unmanaged to store carbon in biomass and soil provide larger carbon emission reductions than forests kept under forest management for production of wood that can substitute fossil fuels and fossil fuel intensive materials. We defined a modelling framework for calculation of the carbon pools and fluxes along the forest energy and wood product supply chains over 200 years for three forest management alternatives (FMA): 1) a traditionally managed European beech forest, as a business-as-usual case, 2) an energy poplar plantation, and 3) a set-aside forest left unmanaged for long-term storage of carbon. We calculated the cumulative net carbon emissions (CCE) and carbon parity times (CPT) of the managed forests relative to the unmanaged forest.

[Molecular-genetic polymorphism of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars detected with AFLP method].

Analysis of molecular-genetic polymorphism of barley varieties was performed using AFLP-method. A system for identification and differentiation of barley varieties based on AFLP-markers was developed. Results of testing for 19 varieties indicate a high differential ability of the developed system.

[Cyclic digene system as a control element of a bacterial biosensor].

The Escherichia coil JC1 58(pCIA12/pG FK5) strain carrying a cyclic digene system with a negative feedback on the pCIA12 plasmid reacting to the DNA damage by changing the synthesis level of reporter genes-GFP and beta-galactosidase-was tested. The acquired phenotype was inherited by the next generations after the removal of the genotoxic action when the concentration of the DNA-damaging compounds was above the threshold level. A potential has been shown for the application of bacterial biosensors to monitor the presence of genotoxicants in the environment and to test the consequences of short-term exposures to toxic compounds.

[Phenotypic switching of Escherichia coli cells containing cyclic digenic systems with negative feedback upon changes in cultivation conditions].

One of the mechanisms for the epigenetic control of cell phenotypes is based on switching the functioning regimes of bistable gene networks, which can maintain the two alternative levels of gene expression under the same conditions. Cyclic digenic systems with negative feedback represent an example of a simple bistable gene network. Cells carrying artificial cyclic digenic systems on plasmids inherit each alternative phenotype upon exponential growth on rich medium during several cell generations.

Inheritance and state switching of genetic toggle switch in different culture growth phases.

Using the gene engineering methods, one can construct simple artificial gene networks with two stable functioning regimes (bistable genetic systems). Such genetic systems make it possible for cells with identical genotype to inherit two alternative phenotypes. The toggle switch is just one of the types of bistable genetic systems.

[Use of laser- and extremely high frequency magnetic therapy in the preoperative period before diskectomy].

Electromagnetic therapy and tractions contributed to reduction of neurovascular structures compression evident not only from regression of clinical symptoms but also from improvement of regional hemodynamics, functional condition of the affected nerves and muscles of the limbs. This prediscectomy preparation appeared an effective conservative treatment for 69% patients. The rest patients benefited from such preoperative preparation which provided stabilization of the patients' condition before and after dyscectomy.

Epigenes: design and construction of new hereditary units.

A plasmid digene construction designed before [Tchuraev, R.N. (1982) J.

[Changes in the cellular immunity factors in suppurative complications of penetrating craniocerebral trauma].

The authors examined patients with penetrating cerebrocranial trauma (CCT) and uneventful course of traumatic disease (30) and those with CCT complicated by intracranial purulent process (24 persons). A direct correlation of the marked character and severity of the clinical course of the posttraumatic period and the changes in the immune system was revealed. Increase of the level of neutrophil rosette formation, indices of the NST test, the activity and intensity of neutrophil phagocytosis in penetrating CCT allows the development of an intracranial purulent process to be predicted at an early stage before the appearance of clinical sings.