Anal Cancer and Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia Risk among Patients Treated for HPV-Related Gynecological Diseases-A Systematic Review.

Background: The most important causative agent of neoplasms in the anogenital area is the human papillomavirus (HPV). Due to the anatomical proximity of the genital and anus area and the ease with which HPV infection is transmitted, it seems that patients after the treatment of HPV-related gynecological diseases may have an increased risk of developing a second HPV-related neoplasm anal cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and anal cancer (AC) among patients after the treatment of HPV-related gynecological diseases.

Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 alternative splicing in predisposition to ovarian cancer.

Background: The mRNA splicing is regulated on multiple levels, resulting in the proper distribution of genes' transcripts in each cell and maintaining cell homeostasis. At the same time, the expression of alternative transcripts can change in response to underlying genetic variants, often missed during routine diagnostics.

Aim: The main aim of this study was to define the frequency of aberrant splicing in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in blood RNA extracted from ovarian cancer patients who were previously found negative for the presence of pathogenic alterations in the 25 most commonly analysed ovarian cancer genes, including BRCA1 and BRCA2.

Recommendations of the Polish Society of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians, Polish Paediatric Society, Polish Society of Family Medicine, Polish Society of Vaccinology, Polish Society of Oncological Gynaecology and Polish Society of Colposcopy and Pathophysiology of the Uterine Cervix on prophylactic vaccinations against infections with human papillomaviruses in Poland.

Several hundred million people are infected with genital genotypes of the human papillomavirus (HPV) annually in the world. The infections transmitted mainly through sexual routes are usually asymptomatic, but can lead to the development of cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, penile cancers, some head and neck cancers and genital warts (condylomas). The fraction HPV-related cancers range from nearly 100% in the case of cervical cancer to several/over a dozen percent in the case of other cancers and diseases.

Ultrasound-Guided Trans-Uterine Cavity Core Needle Biopsy of Uterine Myometrial Tumors to Differentiate Sarcoma from a Benign Lesion-Description of the Method and Review of the Literature.

Uterine sarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors with poor prognosis that can be further negatively affected by inadequate surgical approaches such as morcellation. There are no clinical and radiologic criteria for differentiating leiomyoma from malignant uterine tumors. However, some ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging findings may be informative.

Total mesometrial resection (TMMR) for cervical cancer FIGO IB-IIA: first results from the multicentric TMMR register study.

Objective: The surgical concept of total mesometrial resection (TMMR) and therapeutic lymphadenectomy (tLNE) for the treatment of early cervical cancer is based on the ontogenetic cancer field model. Unicentric data show excellent locoregional control rates without adjuvant chemoradiation. However, there are so far no prospective, multicentric data supporting the method.

Accuracy of Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Preoperative Staging of Cervical Cancer-Analysis of Patients from the Prospective Study on Total Mesometrial Resection.

We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ultrasonography with gynecologic examination performed by a gynecological oncologist and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interpreted by a radiologist for the local and regional staging of patients with early-stage cervical cancer. The study was a single-site sub-analysis of the multi-institutional prospective, observational Total Mesometrial Resection (TMMR) Register Study, which included all consecutive study patients from Gdynia Oncology Center. Imaging results were compared with pathology findings.

Accuracy of Pretreatment Ultrasonography Assessment of Intra-Abdominal Spread in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Prospective Study.

The aim of this study was to test the accuracy of ultrasonography performed by gynecological oncologists for the preoperative assessment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) spread in the pelvis and abdominal cavity. A prospective, observational cohort study was performed at a single tertiary cancer care unit. Patients with suspected EOC were recruited and underwent comprehensive transvaginal and abdominal ultrasonography performed by a gynecological oncologist.

BARD1 Autoantibody Blood Test for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynaecological cancer. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor chances for successful treatment. An accurate blood test for the early detection of OC could reduce the mortality of this disease.

Lung and Intercostal Upper Abdomen Ultrasonography for Staging Patients with Ovarian Cancer: A Method Description and Feasibility Study.

A detailed transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasound examination, performed by an expert examiner, could render a similar diagnostic performance to computed tomography for assessing pelvic/abdominal tumor spread disease in women with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). This study aimed to describe and assess the feasibility of lung and intercostal upper abdomen ultrasonography as pretreatment imaging of EOC metastases of supradiaphragmatic and subdiaphragmatic areas. A preoperative ultrasound examination of consecutive patients suspected of having EOC was prospectively performed using transvaginal, transabdominal, and intercostal lung and upper abdomen ultrasonography.

Ultrasound and Clinical Preoperative Characteristics for Discrimination Between Ovarian Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Primary Ovarian Cancer: A Case-Control Study.

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and sonographic features of ovarian metastases originating from colorectal cancer (mCRC), and to discriminate mCRC from primary ovarian cancer (OC). We conducted a multi-institutional, retrospective study of consecutive patients with ovarian mCRC who had undergone ultrasound examination using the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) terminology, with the addition of evaluating signs of necrosis and abdominal staging. A control group included patients with primary OC.

Performance of Selected Models for Predicting Malignancy in Ovarian Tumors in Relation to the Degree of Diagnostic Uncertainty by Subjective Assessment With Ultrasound.

Objectives: The study's main aim was to evaluate the relationship between the performance of predictive models for differential diagnoses of ovarian tumors and levels of diagnostic confidence in subjective assessment (SA) with ultrasound. The second aim was to identify the parameters that differentiate between malignant and benign tumors among tumors initially diagnosed as uncertain by SA.

Methods: The study included 250 (55%) benign ovarian masses and 201 (45%) malignant tumors.

Bayesian multilevel model of micro RNA levels in ovarian-cancer and healthy subjects.

In transcriptomics, micro RNAs (miRNAs) has gained much interest especially as potential disease indicators. However, apart from holding a great promise related to their clinical application, a lot of inconsistent results have been published. Our aim was to compare the miRNA expression levels in ovarian cancer and healthy subjects using the Bayesian multilevel model and to assess their potential usefulness in diagnosis.

Development and validation of a model that includes two ultrasound parameters and the plasma D-dimer level for predicting malignancy in adnexal masses: an observational study.

Background: Pre-operative discrimination of malignant from benign adnexal masses is crucial for planning additional imaging, preparation, surgery and postoperative care. This study aimed to define key ultrasound and clinical variables and develop a predictive model for calculating preoperative ovarian tumor malignancy risk in a gynecologic oncology referral center. We compared our model to a subjective ultrasound assessment (SUA) method and previously described models.

Spectrum and Prevalence of Pathogenic Variants in Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility Genes in a Group of 333 Patients.

Constitutional loss-of-function pathogenic variants in the tumor suppressor genes and are widely associated with an elevated risk of ovarian cancer (OC). As only ~15% of OC individuals carry the pathogenic variants, the identification of other potential OC-susceptibility genes is of great clinical importance. Here, we established the prevalence and spectrum of the germline pathogenic variants in the and 23 other cancer-related genes in a large Polish population of 333 unselected OC cases.

Dynamic Asphaltene-Stearic Acid Competition at the Oil-Water Interface.

Interfacial tension (IFT) is one of the major parameters which govern the fluid flow in oil production and recovery. This paper investigates the interfacial activity of different natural surfactants found in crude oil. The main objective was to better understand the competition between carboxylic acids and asphaltenes on toluene/water interfaces.

Detection of mutations in circulating tumor DNA from patients with ovarian cancer.

Approximately 25% of patients with ovarian cancer harbor a pathogenic mutation that has been associated with favorable responses for targeted therapy with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors compared to wild-type individuals. The overall frequency of germline and somatic alterations is estimated at 13-15% and 3-10%, respectively. A high incidence of somatic variants significantly increases the number of patients eligible for treatment with PARP1 inhibitors.

Drainage of malignant ascites: patient selection and perspectives.

Malignant ascites (MA) is a sign of advanced cancer and poor prognosis. MA can result in impairment in quality of life (QOL) and significant symptoms. As a supportive treatment, ascites can be drained by paracentesis (PC), percutaneously implanted catheters (tunneled, untunneled, central venous catheters), or peritoneal ports, or peritoneovenous shunts.

Potential Targets' Analysis Reveals Dual PI3K/mTOR Pathway Inhibition as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy for Uterine Leiomyosarcomas-an ENITEC Group Initiative.

Uterine sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous tumors characterized by an aggressive clinical behavior. Their high rates of recurrence and mortality point to the urgent need for novel targeted therapies and alternative treatment strategies. However, no molecular prognostic or predictive biomarkers are available so far to guide choice and modality of treatment.

Independent psychometric validation of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Endometrial Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-EN24).

The endometrial cancer (EC)-specific Quality of Life module of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ-EN24), was developed and validated in one study. We independently validated and assessed the psychometric properties of the instrument. Two hundred and eight women with EC before surgery, during adjuvant treatment and follow-up; in three different cancer centres completed the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the EN24.

Quantifying mineral surface energy by scanning force microscopy.

Fundamental understanding of the wettability of carbonate formations can potentially be applied to the development of oil recovery strategies in a complex carbonate reservoir. In the present study, surface energies of representative carbonate samples were evaluated by direct quantitative force measurements, using scanning force microscopy (SFM) at sub-micron scale, to develop a reliable method to predict reservoir wettability. Local adhesion force measurements were conducted on appropriate calcite and dolomite samples and performed in air as well as in the presence of polar and nonpolar fluids.

A novel splicing mutation in the SLC9A3R1 gene in tumors from ovarian cancer patients.

The aim of the present study was to investigate novel molecular markers that could improve the diagnosis of ovarian cancer patients or be of predictive value. The sequence of the sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3 regulator 1 (SLC9A3R1) gene that codes for the PDZ2 motif of the Na/H exchanger regulatory factor 1 (NHERF1) protein was analyzed. Changes in migration and cell transformation, and alterations of growth factor signaling pathways have been described in cells lacking endogenous NHERF1 or expressing an isoform lacking the function of the PDZ2 domain.

Analysis of large mutations in BARD1 in patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer: the Polish population as an example.

Only approximately 50% of all familial breast cancers can be explained by known genetic factors, including mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. One of the most extensively studied candidates for breast and/or ovarian cancer susceptibility is BARD1. Although it was suggested that large mutations may contribute substantially to the deleterious variants of BARD1, no systematic study of the large mutations in BARD1 has been performed.

Usefulness of diagnostic indices comprising clinical, sonographic, and biomarker data for discriminating benign from malignant ovarian masses.

The objective of this study was to review the accuracy of indices combining several diagnostic variables, in comparison to other models, sonography alone, and biomarker assays, for predicting benign or malignant ovarian lesions. Different single modalities were reviewed. The most useful complex models were International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) sonographic logistic regression model 2 (area under the curve, 0.

Management of symptomatic ascites and post-operative lymphocysts with an easy-to-use, patient-controlled, vascular catheter.

Objective: Malignant ascites (MA) can be managed with paracentesis, diuretics, shunt-systems, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. Some treatments are ineffective; others are associated with complications, involve inpatient procedures, or are not cost-effective. Postoperative lymphocysts (LCs) are managed with inpatient drainage and sclerotherapy or surgery.