Dissolved phosphate decreases the stability of amorphous ferric arsenate and nano-crystalline yukonite.

Extensive research has been conducted on the competitive adsorption of arsenate (AsO) and phosphate (PO) to mineral surfaces, but the stability of ferric arsenate mineral(oid)s under elevated phosphate levels remains poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the impact of dissolved phosphate (0, 0.5, 50 mM) on the stability of amorphous ferric arsenate (AFA; FeAsO·nHO) and nano-crystalline yukonite [CaFe(AsO)(OH)·4HO], both synthetic and contained in natural As-contaminated soil (∼16 g/kg As) and mine-waste material (∼39 g/kg As) for up to one year.

Ethyl Cellulose-Core, OSA Starch-Shell Electrosprayed Microcapsules Enhance the Oxidative Stability of Loaded Fish Oil.

The encapsulation and the oxidative stability of cod liver fish oil (CLO) within coaxial electrosprayed (ethyl cellulose/CLO) core-(octenyl succinic anhydride, OSA-modified starch) shell, and monoaxial electrosprayed ethyl cellulose/CLO microcapsules were investigated. Core-shell (H-ECLO) and monoaxial (ECLO) electrosprayed microcapsules with an average diameter of 2.8 ± 1.

Enhanced electric field and charge polarity modulate the microencapsulation and stability of electrosprayed probiotic cells ( ST44).

The effect of the polarity of the direct current electric field on the "organization" of (ST44) probiotic cells within electrosprayed maltodextrin microcapsules was investigated. The generated electrostatic forces between the negatively surface-charged probiotic cells and the applied negative polarity on the electrospray nozzle, allowed to control the location of the cells towards the core of the electrosprayed microcapsules. This "organization" of the cells increased the evaporation of the solvent (water) and successively the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the electrosprayed microcapsules.

Texture and viscoelastic characteristics of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) surimi affected by combination of washing regimes and hydrogen peroxide.

This study aimed to apply H O at different concentrations in combination with mince:water (M:W) ratios and different washing cycles (WCs) to produce surimi gel from silver carp without compromising its quality characteristics. Color, texture, microstructure, and rheological properties of surimi gels were investigated. Water holding capacity, texture profile, and gel strength showed a greater dependency on number of WCs than the M:W ratios and percentage of H O (p < .

Stiffness control in dual color tomographic volumetric 3D printing.

Tomographic volumetric printing (TVP) physically reverses tomography to offer fast and auxiliary-free 3D printing. Here we show that wavelength-sensitive photoresins can be cured using visible ([Formula: see text] nm) and UV ([Formula: see text] nm) sources simultaneously in a TVP setup to generate internal mechanical property gradients with high precision. We develop solutions of mixed acrylate and epoxy monomers and utilize the orthogonal chemistry between free radical and cationic polymerization to realize fully 3D stiffness control.

Bladder wall biomechanics: A comprehensive study on fresh porcine urinary bladder.

Regenerative medicine for reconstructive urogenital surgery has been widely studied during the last two decades. One of the key factors affecting the quality of bladder regeneration is the mechanical properties of the bladder scaffold. Insight into the biomechanics of this organ is expected to assist researchers with functional regeneration of the bladder wall.

Trefoil factor peptide 3 is positively correlated with the viscoelastic properties of the cervical mucus plug.

Introduction: The viscoelastic properties of the cervical mucus plug are considered essential for the occlusion of the cervical canal and thereby for protection against ascending infections during pregnancy. Factors controlling this property are virtually unknown. This study explores a possible role of trefoil factor peptides 1, 2 and 3 (TFF1-3); peptides believed to influence mucus viscosity.

The viscoelastic properties of the cervical mucus plug.

Objective: To characterize the viscoelastic properties of cervical mucus plugs(CMPs) shed during labor at term.

Design: Experimental research.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark.

Autoimmune thyreoiditis in childhood--epidemiology, clinical and laboratory findings in 61 patients.

Autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) is the most common cause of nonendemic goiter and acquired hypothyroidism in children and adolescents. In 61 patients AT was diagnosed following clinical, ultrasonographic, biochemical and cytological examinations. Girls were more often affected than boys, the female/male ratio in our patients was 9:1.

Recombinant human growth hormone and oxandrolone in treatment of short stature in girls with Turner syndrome.

91 girls with Turner syndrome (TS) with a mean chronological age (CA) and bone age (BA) of 10.3 +/- 2.3 and 8.

Growth response to recombinant human growth hormone of mammalian cell origin in prepubertal growth hormone-deficient children during the first two years of treatment.

In five clinical studies performed in Austria, France, the FRG, Italy, Switzerland, the UK and the USA, 304 growth hormone (GH)-deficient children were treated with recombinant human GH (rhGH) of mammalian cell origin. Two hundred and twenty-five patients were previously untreated (naive patients), and 79 were transferred from pituitary hGH after interruption of therapy for at least 6 months (transfer patients). Two treatment protocols, differing in both dose and frequency of injections, were used: (1) a dose of 0.

[Hypophyseal microprolactinoma as a cause of delayed puberty].

Hyperprolactinaemic hypogonadism in adults is a well defined disease with clinical symptoms like ovarian hypofunction or amenorrhea and galactorrhea in females and loss of sexual activity in males. In pediatrics this special form of hypogonadism is almost unknown. Typical manifestation is delay in puberty or pubertal arrest.

Effect of different oestrogen doses on final height reduction in girls with constitutional tall stature.

The effects of different doses of oestrogens in constitutionally tall girls were evaluated in two centres for paediatric endocrinology. In one centre, 38 girls were treated with a high oestrogen dose of 0.3 to 0.

Spontaneous growth in Turner's syndrome.

Growth in Turner's syndrome can be divided into four phases: intrauterine growth is slightly retarded, normal growth occurs up to a bone age of about 3 years, with a tendency to compensate for the loss in growth during intrauterine life, stunting of growth is severe during childhood, after a bone age of about 10 years - the time when puberty normally starts - the growth phase is prolonged, but total height gain is not essentially reduced. Based on a study of 150 patients with Turner's syndrome whose spontaneous growth was observed, standards of height and height velocity (means and SDs) were calculated to allow mathematical analysis of the spontaneous growth and growth during treatment in these patients. The auxological characteristics in Turner's syndrome do not support the assumption that GH deficiency plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of the growth disorder.

[Infection and neonatal meningitis: epidemiology, pathogen spectrum, therapy].

Data from 196 infants were analyzed who had been treated for neonatal septicemia and/or meningitis between 1962-1974 (n = 88) and 1975-1985 (n = 108). In addition to an increase in the incidence of septicemia (1962-1974: 0.88 cases/1000 live births/year; 1975-1985: 1.

Goitre epidemiology: thyroid volume, iodine excretion, thyroglobulin and thyrotropin in Germany and Sweden.

Thyroid volume of 1397 German and 303 Swedish adults were estimated by sonography. Thyroid size of 6-16 year old Germans (n = 619) was determined and compared with findings on palpation. Thyroid volume was more than twice as great in German (21.

[Continuous subcutaneous deferoxamine infusions in thalassemia major. Improvement in glucose tolerance].

Exocrine and endocrine pancreatic functions were studied in 30 patients with homozygotic beta-thalassaemia. All were treated with continuous subcutaneous deferoxamine infusions for a mean period of 30 months. Three patients (aged 18-22 years) had insulin-dependent diabetes, two before and one shortly after the onset of deferoxamine administration.

[Follow-up of a pediatric prolactin-producing hypophyseal tumor].

At the age of 10 years a prolactin-producing pituitary tumor was diagnosed in a boy now aged 16 1/2 years. After surgical removal with a relapse after 1 year, a second surgical intervention and pituitary radiation were necessary. In the cause of further hyperprolactinemia, Pravidel treatment (Bromocriptine) was started with success.

[Longitudinal growth of patients with homozygote beta-thalassemia during continuous subcutaneous infusion of deferoxamine].

Subcutaneous continuous infusions of deferoxamine were administered to 28 children with thalassaemia major. Longitudinal growth beyond the eleventh year was favourably influenced. The normal growth spurt during puberty was not demonstrable in six patients (three boys and three girls) during their puberty.

Regional variations of iodine nutrition and thyroid function during the neonatal period in Europe.

In order to evaluate further the possibility that transient hypothyroidism and hyperthyrotropinemia in newborn infants could result from a state of relative iodine deficiency, the urinary concentration of iodine, used as an index of the dietary intake of iodine was determined in casual urine samples collected in 1,076 full-term infants aged 3-6 days in 16 cities in 10 different European countries and in Toronto, Canada. In addition, the results obtained by programs of systematic neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism in the same areas were compared. There were marked regional differences in iodine nutrition during the neonatal period in Europe (median urinary iodine: 16.

Neonatal septicemia and meningitis in Göttingen, West Germany.

Data were analyzed from 181 infants treated for neonatal septicemia and/or meningitis between 1962 and 1974 (n = 88) and between 1975 and 1982 (n = 93). In addition to an increase in the incidence of septicemia (1962 to 1974, 0.88 case/1000 live births (LB)/year; 1975 to 1982, 2.