Distracted mobile device use among street-crossing college student pedestrians: an observational approach.

To estimate the incidence of mobile device use among street-crossing pedestrians and explore differences by sex and intersection type at a large public South-eastern university in the United States.All instances of campus pedestrians crossing the street during the observation period ( = 4,878).Video recordings of crosswalk activity at four locations were analyzed for pedestrian use of a mobile device while crossing.

Mobile device use while crossing the street: Utilizing the theory of planned behavior.

Every year, thousands of pedestrians are killed and tens-of-thousands are nonfatally injured as a result of traffic crashes. The year 2016 holds the record for the most pedestrians killed in one year since 1990. Mobile device use while crossing the street has been associated with unsafe crossing behaviors and gait abnormalities, potentially increasing the risk of pedestrian injury or death.

Workplace-Related Factors Associated With Employees' Standing Time at Work: A Research Brief.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between work-related, individual, and environmental factors and self-reported standing time during the workday.

Design: Cross-sectional study design.

Setting: Participants were recruited from a large, public university in the southeastern United States.

Ecological Influences on Employees' Workplace Sedentary Behavior: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between ecological factors and occupational sedentary behavior (SB).

Design: Cross-sectional online survey.

Setting: Participants were employees recruited from a large, public university in the Southeastern United States from August to November 2016.

"Drunkorexia": Understanding eating and physical activity behaviors of weight conscious drinkers in a sample of college students.

Objective: Behaviors of weight conscious drinkers (BWCD) include disordered eating, excessive physical activity (PA), and heavy episodic drinking. Considering that approximately 25% of the college students report BWCD, it is important to investigate what characteristics increase the likelihood of college students engaged in BWCD for both moderate and vigorous PAs.

Participants: A total of 510 college students were recruited from a large, public southeastern university.

Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict HPV vaccination intentions of college men.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to test Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs in predicting human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination behavioral intentions of vaccine-eligible college men.

Participants: Participants were unvaccinated college men aged 18-26 years attending a large public university in the southeastern United States during Spring 2015.

Methods: A nonexperimental, cross-sectional study design was employed.

The Relationship Between HIV Risk, High-Risk Behavior, Religiosity, and Spirituality Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM): An Exploratory Study.

Blacks in the USA, including black men who have sex with men (MSM), tend to have stronger religious and spiritual affiliations compared with other racial/ethnic populations. HIV and STD incidence rates continue to rise among Black MSM. Using data from the CDC Brothers y Hermanos (ByHS) project, this study examined correlations between high-risk behavior, e.

The Relationship of Religiosity, Spirituality, Substance Abuse, and Depression Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM).

HIV infection rates continue to disproportionately affect Black men who have sex with men (Black MSM) compared to other groups. Research has shown that higher rates of substance use and higher levels of depression are positively correlated with higher sexual risk behavior, and little research has examined relationships between high levels of religiosity and spirituality prevalent in Black culture and issues of substance use and depression among Black MSM. This study did just that and found a relationship between religiosity, spirituality, and risk behavior.

An Examination of the Situational Factors Associated With the Misuse of Prescription Analgesics Among College Students.

The current study examined the effect that students' educational environment has on the prevalence and motivations associated with the misuse of prescription analgesics (MPA). A sample of 893 undergraduate students was recruited from one religiously affiliated private university and one public university in the Southern United States. Participants completed an in-class survey assessing MPA-related behavior and their associated motivations.

Expanding Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment in Tanzania: Stakeholders' Perceptions of Structural Influences on Scale-Up.

Unlabelled: Tanzania has the highest burden of cervical cancer in East Africa. This study aims to identify perceived barriers and facilitators that influence scale-up of regional and population-level cervical cancer screening and treatment programs in Tanzania. Convenience sampling was used to select participants for this qualitative study among 35 key informants.

The diversion of stimulant medications among a convenience sample of college students with current prescriptions.

Diversion is defined as the unlawful channeling of regulated pharmaceuticals from legal sources to the illicit marketplace. Persons with legal prescriptions often give away or sell their medications to others. The misuse of prescription stimulant medications continues to be a problem on college campuses and a need to understand how students are obtaining stimulant medications exists.

An examination of the misuse of prescription stimulants among college students using the theory of planned behavior.

The misuse of prescription stimulants (MPS) is an emergent adverse health behavior among undergraduate college students. However, current research on MPS is largely atheoretical. The purpose of this study was to validate a survey to assess MPS-related theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs (i.

Gender differences in college leisure time physical activity: application of the theory of planned behavior and integrated behavioral model.

Objective: National data consistently report that males participate in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) at higher rates than females. This study expanded previous research to examine gender differences in LTPA of college students using the theory of planned behavior (TPB) by including 2 additional constructs, descriptive norm and self-efficacy, from the integrated behavioral model.

Participants: Participants were college students (N = 621) from a large public university in the southeastern United States.

Disordered gambling and co-morbidity of psychiatric disorders among college students: an examination of problem drinking, anxiety and depression.

We assessed the occurrence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders (i.e., problem drinking, anxiety, and depression) among college students who met the threshold for disordered gambling.

Social modeling influences and alcohol consumption during the first semester of college: a natural history study.

The authors examine both the alcohol consumption pattern of freshmen students during their first semester and the degree to which social modeling of peer behavior impacts consumption. A total of 534 students, residing on campus, were prospectively examined at four 30-day intervals. Data were evaluated on the basis of age, gender, and the effects of time using generalized estimating equations (GEEs).

Challenges and recommendations to enforcement of alcohol policies on college campuses: an administrator's perspective.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine challenges and recommendations (identified by college administrators) to enforcing alcohol policies implemented at colleges in the southeastern United States.

Methods: Telephone interviews were conducted with 71 individuals at 21 institutions.

Results: Common challenges included inconsistent enforcement, mixed messages received by students, and students' attitudes toward alcohol use.

Alcohol use and high-risk sexual behavior among collegiate women: a review of research on alcohol myopia theory.

Unlabelled: A review of current English literature in the areas of high-risk alcohol use and sexual behavior was conducted from September 2007 to December 2008.

Objective: The purpose was to specifically review studies that used alcohol myopia theory (AMT) as the theoretical perspective from which they were evaluated and analyzed.

Participants: Collegiate women were the population of interest in the review.

Using the theory of planned behavior to predict gambling behavior.

Gambling is an important public health concern. To better understand gambling behavior, we conducted a classroom-based survey that assessed the role of the theory of planned behavior (TPB; i.e.

Validation of the Drinking Context Scale (DCS-9) for use with non-adjudicated first-year college students.

The Drinking Context Scale (DCS-9) has been used to measure the impact of drinking during social, emotional, and situational contexts. Psychometric properties remain unevaluated in a population of non-adjudicated first-year college students in the southeast. Liseral 8.

Alcohol assessment among college students using wireless mobile technology.

Objective: This study used a two-group randomized design to assess the validity of measuring self-reported alcohol consumption among college students using the Handheld Assisted Network Diary (HAND), a daily diary assessment administered using wireless mobile devices.

Method: A convenience sample of college students was recruited at a large, public university in the southeastern United States and randomized into two groups. A randomly assigned group of 86 students completed the daily HAND assessment during the 30-day study and a Timeline Followback (TLFB) at 30-day follow-up.

Development and validation of the Retrospective Alcohol Context Scale.

Background: Few validated measures exist to capture the context and consequences of specific drinking events among college students.

Objectives: This study sought to describe the development and validation of the Retrospective Alcohol Context Scale (RACS), a 30-day measure of drinking context among college students.

Methods: A sample of 169 college students completed daily alcohol assessments for 30 days and completed the RACS at follow-up.

Reliability and validity of the alcohol consequences expectations scale.

Objectives: To examine the reliability and validity of a new measure of alcohol outcome expectations for college students, the Alcohol Consequences Expectations Scale (ACES).

Methods: College students (N=169) completed the ACES and several other measures.

Results: Results support the existence of 5 internally consistent subscales.

Validation of the College Alcohol Problem Scale-revised (CAPS-r) for use with non-adjudicated first-year students.

First-year students in transition to college are at increased risk for consuming greater amounts of alcohol and are subject to subsequent alcohol-related problems. The 8-item College Alcohol Problem Scale-revised (CAPS-r) has been used to measure alcohol-related problems in adjudicated undergraduates and psychology majors. However, structural validity of the CAPS-r has not been examined in a general first-year student population.

Drinking likelihood, alcohol problems, and peer influence among first-year college students.

Excessive alcohol consumption is a predominant health concern on college campuses in the United States. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was used to examine the predictive values of demographic factors in relation to alcohol subscales (Drinking Context Scale, College Alcohol Problems Scale-revised, and Social Modeling Scale) with the outcome of number of drinking days in the past 30 days among a sample (n = 224) of first-year college students. The final model predicted 37.

Self-reported consequences of intoxication among college students: implications for harm reduction approaches to high-risk drinking.

Although large scale national surveys provide extensive data about the nature and frequency of alcohol use among American college students, survey research on alcohol does not provide detailed information on the context of college alcohol consumption that may contribute to drinking-related negative consequences. This research sought to gather specific information on the contexts in which alcohol use occurs among college students through a series of focus groups. Participants described specific incidents of heavy drinking, alcohol consumption patterns, drinking locations and environments, co-drinkers, and associated consequences experienced from drinking.