VEGF-targeted therapy and beyond: pharmacotherapy and emerging treatments in agerelated macular degeneration.

Treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has changed dramatically over the last decade. It has evolved from primarily destructive therapies (laser-based treatment strategies) to nondestructive therapies (intravitreal pharmacotherapies that target angiogenesis). Intermittent intravitreal ranibizumab, an inhibitor of VEGF, is currently the gold standard of care for neovascular AMD as it is the only treatment where a significant proportion of treated eyes have been shown to experience improvements in visual acuity.

Homocysteine, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism, and risk of retinal vein occlusion: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the role of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations and homozygosity for the thermolabile variant of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T gene as risk factors for retinal vascular occlusive disease.

Design: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) is an important cause of vision loss. Early meta-analyses showed that tHcy was associated with an increased risk of RVO, but a significant number of new studies have been published.

Presentation of intraocular foreign body 25 years after the event.

Delayed presentation of retained intraocular foreign body is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the ophthalmologist. Herein a case of a man presenting 25 five years after initial injury with a retained metallic foreign body adjacent to the optic disc is described.

Retinal vein occlusion, homocysteine, and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase genotype.

Purpose: The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the relationship between homocysteine (tHcy), 5,10 methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype, folate and vitamin B12 status, and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Subjects with RVO (n = 106) were recruited from outpatient and inpatient sources. Controls (n = 98) were selected to achieve a similar age and sex distribution.

Suprachoroidal haemorrhage following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.

Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is the commonest procedure for posterior capsule thickening following cataract surgery. Complications following this laser surgery are relatively few, and this is ordinarily a safe and effective procedure. Herein a case is described of suprachoroidal haemorrhage following Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.