Reasons for Intrauterine Device Use, Discontinuation and Non-Use in Malawi: A Qualitative Study of Women and their Partners.

The copper intrauterine device (IUD) is a safe, long-acting, and effective method of contraception that is under-utilized in many countries, including Malawi. A unique cohort of women who had enrolled in a trial of postpartum IUD use one year earlier gave insights into reasons for using, discontinuing, or not using the IUD. We conducted in-depth interviews with 18 women one year after they participated in a pilot study of a randomized controlled trial of postpartum IUD insertion, and 10 of their male partners.

Renewing focus on family planning service quality globally.

Reducing the global unmet need for contraception is currently a priority for many governments, multi-lateral initiatives, non-governmental organizations, and donors. Evidence strongly suggests that the provision of quality family planning services can increase uptake, prevalence, and continuation of contraception. While an accepted framework to define the components of family planning service quality exists, translating this framework into assessment tools that are accessible, easily utilized, and valid for service providers has remained a challenge.

The Relationship Between Eating Disorder Symptoms and Treatment Rejection among Young Adult Men in Residential Substance Use Treatment.

Research has demonstrated that individuals with substance use disorders (SUDs) and comorbid mental health problems evidence heightened negative consequences, including poorer treatment outcomes, a higher risk for relapse, and mortality compared to individuals with a single disorder. In this study, we focus on the comorbidity between SUDs and eating disorder (ED) symptomatology, as EDs are similarly associated with high rates of relapse, morbidity, and mortality. Of particular importance is research examining treatment rejection among individuals in treatment for SUDs with cooccurring ED symptomatology.

Quantitative and mixed analyses to identify factors that affect cervical cancer screening uptake among lesbian and bisexual women and transgender men.

Aims And Objectives: The purposes of this study were to measure the prevalence of, and identify factors associated with, cervical cancer screening among a sample of lesbian, bisexual and queer women, and transgender men.

Background: Past research has found that lesbian, bisexual and queer women underuse cervical screening service. Because deficient screening remains the most significant risk factor for cervical cancer, it is essential to understand the differences between routine and nonroutine screeners.

Psychological Abuse, Mental Health, and Acceptance of Dating Violence Among Adolescents.

Purpose: Existing literature indicates that acceptance of dating violence is a significant and robust risk factor for psychological dating abuse perpetration. Past work also indicates a significant relationship between psychological dating abuse perpetration and poor mental health. However, no known research has examined the relationship between acceptance of dating violence, perpetration of dating abuse, and mental health.

What Is New in Long-Acting Reversible Contraception?: Best Articles From the Past Year.

This month we focus on current research in contraception and women choosing long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). Long-acting reversible contraception improves the health of women and their families. Dr.

The relationship between spirituality and aggression in a sample of men in residential substance use treatment.

There is a robust literature documenting that aggression perpetration is increased among individuals in treatment for substance use. Although aggression decreases with successful substance use treatment, a substantial number of patients continue to engage in aggression following treatment. Thus, continued research is needed on potential protective factors for aggression that could be enhanced during substance use treatment.

The Relationship Between Generalized Anxiety Symptoms and Treatment Dropout Among Women in Residential Treatment for Substance Use Disorders.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) co-occurs with substance use disorders (SUDs) at an alarmingly high rate, and the presence of anxiety is associated with an increased risk for relapse to substance use following treatment. Furthermore, comorbid SUDs and other forms of psychopathology are associated with an increased risk for leaving treatment against medical advice (AMA).

Objective And Method: Research has yet to examine whether the presence of GAD symptoms is associated with leaving treatment AMA in SUDs populations.

Are Borderline Personality Symptoms Associated With Compulsive Sexual Behaviors Among Women in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders? An Exploratory Study.

Objective: Extant literature has documented a significant relationship between borderline symptoms and substance use disorders. As supported in past work, there is a significant theoretical relationship between borderline symptoms and compulsive sexual behaviors because both disorders share common underlying behaviors and traits. There is no known research that has examined the empirical relationship between borderline symptoms and compulsive sexual behaviors in a population with substance use disorders.

Emotion Dysregulation, Gender, and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration: An Exploratory Study in College Students.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent problem, as it is bidirectional and perpetrated by both men and women. Emotion dysregulation may influence IPV perpetration among men and women. This cross-sectional survey study of 598 college students investigated the associations between two important factors related to IPV perpetration: gender and emotion dysregulation.

Genetics moderate alcohol and intimate partner violence treatment outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of hazardous drinking men in batterer intervention programs: A preliminary investigation.

Objective: We examined whether a cumulative genetic score (CGS) containing MAOA and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms moderated drinking and intimate partner violence (IPV) treatment outcomes in hazardous drinking men receiving batterer intervention or batterer intervention plus a brief alcohol intervention.

Method: We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 97 hazardous drinking men who had a relationship partner and were in batterer intervention programs. Participants were randomized to receive 40 hr of standard batterer program (SBP) or the SBP plus a 90-min alcohol intervention (SBP + BAI).

An Examination of the Partner Cyber Abuse Questionnaire in a College Student Sample.

Objective: To examine the factor structure and convergent validity of a newly developed measure of an understudied form of partner abuse, cyber abuse, and to examine the prevalence of, and gender differences in, victimization by cyber abuse.

Method: College students in a dating relationship ( = 502) completed the Partner Cyber Abuse Questionnaire (Hamby, 2013), as well as measures of partner abuse victimization and depression.

Results: Using exploratory factor analysis, we determined a one-factor solution was the most statistically and conceptually best fitting model.

Drinking and Dating: Examining the Link between Relationship Satisfaction, Hazardous Drinking, and Readiness-to-Change in College Dating Relationships.

The present study examined the influence of relationship satisfaction on readiness-to-change alcohol use and the influence of hazardous drinking on readiness-to-change relationship issues in college student dating relationships. A sample of 219 college students in a current dating relationship (aged 18-25) completed self-report measures of dating relationship satisfaction, alcohol use, readiness-to-change alcohol use, and readiness-to-change relationship issues via an online survey from August to December 2011. Participants were grouped on the basis of their scores on measures of alcohol use (hazardous drinkers vs.

The Relationship between Antisocial and Borderline Features and Aggression in Young Adult Men in Treatment for Substance Use Disorders.

There is a large literature documenting that adult men in treatment for substance use disorders perpetrate more aggression than men without substance use disorders. Unfortunately, there is minimal research on aggression among young adult men (i.e.

Impact of calcium-activated potassium channels on NMDA spikes in cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons.

Active electrical events play an important role in shaping signal processing in dendrites. As these events are usually associated with an increase in intracellular calcium, they are likely to be under the control of calcium-activated potassium channels. Here, we investigate the impact of calcium-activated potassium channels onN-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent spikes, or NMDA spikes, evoked by glutamate iontophoresis onto basal dendrites of cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons.

The Relationship Between Family-of-Origin Violence, Hostility, and Intimate Partner Violence in Men Arrested for Domestic Violence: Testing a Mediational Model.

Although research has shown links between family-of-origin violence (FOV), intimate partner violence (IPV), and hostility, research has not examined whether hostility mediates the relationship between FOV and IPV. The current study examined whether hostility mediates FOV and IPV perpetration in 302 men arrested for domestic violence. Results demonstrated that hostility fully mediated the relationship between father-to-participant FOV and physical and psychological IPV, and the relationship between mother-to-participant FOV and physical IPV.

The temporal association between energy drink and alcohol use among adolescents: A short communication.

Purpose: To investigate the temporal relation between energy drink and alcohol use among adolescents.

Methods: Data were collected from adolescents attending public high schools in two waves (n=894).

Results: Path analysis indicated that energy drink use at baseline was positively associated with the number of drinking days but not binge drinking or average drinks per drinking day over the past 30 days at follow-up.

Dispositional Mindfulness and Aggression Among Women in Residential Substance Use Treatment.

There is a large literature on substance misuse and interpersonal aggression, including aggression perpetrated by women in treatment for substance misuse. There is also a growing body of literature on mindfulness and substance use, as well as mindfulness and aggression. However, to date, there has been little research on whether dispositional mindfulness is associated with increased aggression among women in treatment for substance misuse.

Dendritic integration: 60 years of progress.

Understanding how individual neurons integrate the thousands of synaptic inputs they receive is critical to understanding how the brain works. Modeling studies in silico and experimental work in vitro, dating back more than half a century, have revealed that neurons can perform a variety of different passive and active forms of synaptic integration on their inputs. But how are synaptic inputs integrated in the intact brain? With the development of new techniques, this question has recently received substantial attention, with new findings suggesting that many of the forms of synaptic integration observed in vitro also occur in vivo, including in awake animals.

The Temporal Association Between Traditional and Cyber Dating Abuse Among Adolescents.

While research has explored adolescents' use of technology to perpetrate dating violence, little is known about how traditional in-person and cyber abuse are linked, and no studies have examined their relationship over time. Using our sample of 780 diverse adolescents (58 % female), we found that traditional and cyber abuse were positively associated, and cyber abuse perpetration and victimization were correlated at each time point. Cyber abuse perpetration in the previous year (spring 2013) predicted cyber abuse perpetration 1 year later (spring 2014), while controlling for traditional abuse and demographic variables.

In the eye of the beholder: A simulator study of the impact of Google Glass on driving performance.

This study examined whether, and to what extent, driving is affected by reading text on Google Glass. Reading text requires a high level of visual resources and can interfere with safe driving. However, it is currently unclear if the impact of reading text on a head-mounted display, such as Google Glass (Glass), will differ from that found with more traditional head-down electronic devices, such as a dash-mounted smartphone.

Eating Disorder Symptoms and Length of Stay in Residential Treatment for Substance Use: A Brief Report.

Objective: Treatment dropout is common both among people in treatment for eating disorders and for substance use disorders. Because of the high rates of co-occurrence and mortality associated with these disorders, the purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship among eating disorder symptoms, length of stay, and decisions to leave against medical advice among individuals in substance use treatment.

Methods: We analyzed de-identified medical record data for 122 adult women enrolled in residential treatment for substance use disorders over a 12-month period.

Being the victim of violence during a date predicts next-day cannabis use among female college students.

Aims: To determine whether being the victim of violence during a date among female college students on any given day predicted cannabis and alcohol use the following day.

Design, Setting And Participants: Between August 2010 and January 2013, we conducted a 90-day daily diary study with 174 females who were in current dating relationships from a large university in the Southeastern United States. The mean age of the sample was 18.