Kinetics of the reaction of ferrous ions with hydroxyl radicals in the temperature range 25-300 °C.

The kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between OH radicals and ferrous ions in the temperature range 25-300 °C were studied using pulse radiolysis. At temperatures <150 °C the rate of reaction is essentially independent of temperature, while at temperatures >150 °C the activation energy is 45.8 ± 3.

High-Temperature Reaction Kinetics of the e and HO Radicals with Iron(II) Ions in Aqueous Solutions.

Pulsed electron radiolysis was used to determine the chemical reaction kinetics and Arrhenius parameters for iron(II) reactions in aqueous solutions under irradiation. The second-order Fe reactions with the hydrated electron (e) and the perhydroxyl radical (HO), arising from water radiolysis, were measured to high temperatures using custom-built flow-through cells with a multichannel optical detection system. The reaction with the HO radical was found to proceed via the formation of a metal-ion adduct species, Fe-HO.

Multiomic analysis of homologous recombination-deficient end-stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer.

High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is frequently characterized by homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair deficiency and, while most such tumors are sensitive to initial treatment, acquired resistance is common. We undertook a multiomics approach to interrogate molecular diversity in end-stage disease, using multiple autopsy samples collected from 15 women with HR-deficient HGSC. Patients had polyclonal disease, and several resistance mechanisms were identified within most patients, including reversion mutations and HR restoration by other means.

Calibration and performance characterization of a Mach 5 Ludwieg tube.

Calibration, commissioning, and design features of a new Mach 5 Ludwieg Tube wind tunnel at the University of Arizona are discussed. Mach number uniformity and free-stream noise levels are measured using a Pitot rake at a range of unit Reynolds numbers and at multiple spanwise and streamwise positions. The wind tunnel is shown to have a free-stream Mach number of 4.

TRACEBACK: Testing of Historical Tubo-Ovarian Cancer Patients for Hereditary Risk Genes as a Cancer Prevention Strategy in Family Members.

Purpose: Tubo-ovarian cancer (TOC) is a sentinel cancer for and pathogenic variants (PVs). Identification of a PV in the first member of a family at increased genetic risk (the proband) provides opportunities for cancer prevention in other at-risk family members. Although Australian testing rates are now high, PVs in patients with TOC whose diagnosis predated revised testing guidelines might have been missed.

Impact of cyanosis on ventilatory responses during stair climb exercise in Eisenmenger syndrome and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Studies assessing exercise ventilatory responses during real-life exercise in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which include patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease are scarce. We assessed the ventilatory response to stairclimbing in patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH) and congenital heart disease-associated PAH with Eisenmenger (EIS) physiology compared to healthy controls. Fifteen adults with IPAH, six EIS and 15 age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls were prospectively recruited.

How important is price variation between health insurers?

Prices negotiated between payers and providers affect a health insurance contract's value via enrollees' cost-sharing and self-insured employers' costs. However, price variation across payers is difficult to observe. We measure negotiated prices for hospital-payer pairs in Massachusetts and characterize price variation.

Impact of Medicaid expansion on women with gynecologic cancer: a difference-in-difference analysis.

Background: Women with gynecologic cancer face socioeconomic disparities in care that affect survival outcomes. The Affordable Care Act offered states the option to expand Medicaid enrollment eligibility criteria as a means of improving timely and affordable access to care for the most vulnerable. The variable uptake of expansion by states created a natural experiment, allowing for quasi-experimental methods that offer more unbiased estimates of treatment effects from retrospective data than the traditional regression adjustment.

Variation In Health Spending Growth For The Privately Insured From 2007 To 2014.

We examined the growth in health spending on people with employer-sponsored private insurance in the period 2007-14. Our analysis relied on information from the Health Care Cost Institute data set, which includes insurance claims from Aetna, Humana, and UnitedHealthcare. In the study period private health spending per enrollee grew 16.

Hospital Prices Grew Substantially Faster Than Physician Prices For Hospital-Based Care In 2007-14.

Evidence suggests that growth in providers' prices drives growth in health care spending on the privately insured. However, existing work has not systematically differentiated between the growth rate of hospital prices and that of physician prices. We analyzed growth in both types of prices for inpatient and hospital-based outpatient services using actual negotiated prices paid by insurers.

THE PRICE AIN'T RIGHT? HOSPITAL PRICES AND HEALTH SPENDING ON THE PRIVATELY INSURED.

We use insurance claims data covering 28% of individuals with employer-sponsored health insurance in the United States to study the variation in health spending on the privately insured, examine the structure of insurer-hospital contracts, and analyze the variation in hospital prices across the nation. Health spending per privately insured beneficiary differs by a factor of three across geographic areas and has a very low correlation with Medicare spending. For the privately insured, half of the spending variation is driven by price variation across regions, and half is driven by quantity variation.

The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on body composition and performance in collegiate females: a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial.

Background: Betaine supplementation has been shown to improve body composition and some metrics of muscular performance in young men; but, whether betaine enhances body composition or performance in female subjects is currently unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between resistance training adaptation and chronic betaine supplementation in females.

Methods: Twenty-three young women (21.

Self-radiolysis of tritiated water. 4. The scavenging effect of azide ions (N ) on the molecular hydrogen yield in the radiolysis of water by Co γ-rays and tritium β-particles at room temperature.

The effect of the azide ion N on the yield of molecular hydrogen in water irradiated with Co γ-rays (∼1 MeV Compton electrons) and tritium β-electrons (mean electron energy of ∼7.8 keV) at 25 °C is investigated using Monte Carlo track chemistry simulations in conjunction with available experimental data. N is shown to interfere with the formation of H through its high reactivity towards hydrogen atoms and, but to a lesser extent, hydrated electrons, the two major radiolytic precursors of the H yield in the diffusing radiation tracks.

Genomic characterisation of Eμ-Myc mouse lymphomas identifies Bcor as a Myc co-operative tumour-suppressor gene.

The Eμ-Myc mouse is an extensively used model of MYC driven malignancy; however to date there has only been partial characterization of MYC co-operative mutations leading to spontaneous lymphomagenesis. Here we sequence spontaneously arising Eμ-Myc lymphomas to define transgene architecture, somatic mutations, and structural alterations. We identify frequent disruptive mutations in the PRC1-like component and BCL6-corepressor gene Bcor.

Modeling the radiolysis of supercritical water by fast neutrons: density dependence of the yields of primary species at 400°c.

A reliable understanding of radiolysis processes in supercritical water (SCW)-cooled reactors is crucial to developing chemistry control strategies that minimize the corrosion and degradation of materials. However, directly measuring the chemistry in reactor cores is difficult due to the extreme conditions of high temperature and pressure and mixed neutron and gamma-radiation fields, which are incompatible with normal chemical instrumentation. Thus, chemical models and computer simulations are an important route of investigation for predicting the detailed radiation chemistry of the coolant in a SCW reactor and the consequences for materials.

Effects of betaine on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone.

Background: This study investigated the effects of long term betaine supplementation on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL) in experienced strength trained men.

Methods: Twenty-three subjects were matched for training experience (4.8 ± 2.

Betaine supplementation enhances anabolic endocrine and Akt signaling in response to acute bouts of exercise.

Our aim was to examine the effect of betaine supplementation on selected circulating hormonal measures and Akt muscle signaling proteins after an acute exercise session. Twelve trained men (age 19.7 ± 1.

Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance.

Purpose: To examine the effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance.

Methods: Sixteen recreationally active subjects (7 females and 9 males) completed three sprint tests, each consisting of four 12 sec efforts against a resistance equal to 5.5% of body weight; efforts were separated by 2.

The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men.

Trepanowski, JF, Farney, TM, McCarthy, CG, Schilling, BK, Craig, SA, and Bloomer, RJ. The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation, and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res 25(12): 3461-3471, 2011-We examined the effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance and associated parameters in resistance trained men.

Effect of 15 days of betaine ingestion on concentric and eccentric force outputs during isokinetic exercise.

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of 15 days of betaine supplementation on peak concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) force during isokinetic exercise in active college-aged men. Eleven men volunteered for this study (21.7 ± 5.

Long-term γ-radiolysis kinetics of NO3(-) and NO2(-) solutions.

Radiolysis kinetics in NO(3)(-) and NO(2)(-) solutions during γ-irradiation were studied at an absorbed dose rate of 2.1 Gy·s(-1) at room temperature. Air- or argon-saturated nitrate or nitrite solutions at pH 6.

The definition of dietary fiber - discussions at the Ninth Vahouny Fiber Symposium: building scientific agreement.

A definition for dietary fiber was adopted in June 2009 by the Codex Alimentarius Commission based on the recommendation for endorsement of the Codex Committee on Nutrition and Foods for Special Dietary Uses (CCNFSDU) in November 2008. The definition listed three categories of carbohydrate polymers that are not hydrolyzed by the endogenous enzymes in the small intestine of humans. However, the definition left the inclusion of carbohydrates with degrees of polymerization (DP) in the range of 3 and 9 to the discretion of national authorities and left the 'physiological effect(s) of benefit to health' as undefined.

Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance.

Background: We investigated the ergogenic effects of betaine (B) supplementation on strength and power performance.

Methods: Twelve men (mean +/- SD age, 21 +/- 3 yr; mass, 79.1 +/- 10.

The betaine content of sweat from adolescent females.

Background: This study was developed to establish whether betaine was present in the sweat of females and to determine any correlations with other sweat components.

Methods: Sweat patches were placed on eight trained adolescent Highland dancers (age = 13.6 +/- 2.