Polyethylene glycol hydrogel rectal spacer implantation in patients with prostate cancer undergoing combination high-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: To present rectal toxicity rates in patients administered a polyethylene glycol (PEG) hydrogel rectal spacer in conjunction with combination high-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: Between February 2010 and April 2015, 326 prostate carcinoma patients underwent combination high-dose-rate brachytherapy of 16 Gy (average dose 15.5 Gy; standard deviation [SD] = 1.

Sacral neuromodulation as an effective treatment for refractory pelvic floor dysfunction.

Objectives: To determine the long-term efficacy and complications of sacral nerve stimulation as an alternative therapy for pelvic floor dysfunction. Pelvic floor dysfunction is a complex problem that can be refractory to current treatment modalities. Conservative therapy rarely results in a durable cure of patients, and various surgical procedures have significant side effects and less than optimal results.