[Synchronous left atrial myxoma and gastric cancer: a case report].

The authors present a 57-year-old patient with synchronous left atrial myxoma and gastric cancer undergoing staged treatment. Distal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy at the first stage was followed by resection of the left atrial myxoma after 22 days. Postoperative period was uneventful after both interventions.

Complex treatment of multiple high-output enterocutaneous fistulas (gastric, jejunum, transversum) after bariatric surgery.

Multiply high-output enterocutaneous fistulas (ECF) is a tragic postoperative complication. This report describes complex treatment of patient with multiple enterocutaneous fistulas after bariatric surgery, including a comprehensive preoperative preparation for 3 months (sepsis control, nutritional support and wound care) and reconstructive surgery (laparotomy, distal gastrectomy, resection of the small bowel with fistulas, Roux-gastrojejunostomy, transversostomy).

[External-internal sigmoid-vesical fistula following sigmoid diverticulum perforation into the patent urachus].

A patient with external-internal sigmoid-vesical fistula is presented. The authors describe surgical intervention (urachus excision, removal of infiltrate with resection of bladder bottom and fistula-related segment of sigmoid). Surgical challenges due to localization of fistula and appropriate literature data are discussed.

[Surgical treatment of enterocutaneous fistulas in patients with ventral incisional hernia].

Objective: To determine the optimal surgical treatment in patients with enterocutaneous fistulas combined with ventral incisional hernia.

Material And Methods: There were 24 patients with enterocutaneous fistulas combined with ventral incisional hernia. Enterocutaneous fistula was noted in 19 cases, enteroatmospheric fistula - in 5 patients.

The attitude of young people in the city of Yakutsk to DNA-testing.

This pilot research was one of the first sociological studies with general questions on genetic testing with 300 participants, 75% of which were representatives of one people - the Sakha. A quantitative method was used: a sociological survey with quota sampling (Δ ± 5%), held in February - March 2018 in the City of Yakutsk (n = 350).Analysis of the survey results have shown that the respondents have low levels of awareness about the DNA-testing method: 72.

[Management of patients with enterocutaneous fistulae].

Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF) is the most serious postoperative life-threating complication of various abdominal surgical interventions. Treatment of patients with ECF is associated with life-threatening complications including sepsis and septic shock, intestinal failure and severe water-electrolyte disorders that causes high mortality rates (35-75% according to national authors and 6-33% according to foreign colleagues). This issue is especially relevant in the cases of enteroatmospheric fistulae and high ECF with loss of intestinal contents of more than 500 ml per day.

Surgical treatment of neurofibromatosis type I followed by retroperitoneal tumor (in Russian only).

Aim: To determine the optimal surgical approach in patients with abdominal and retroperitoneal manifestations of Recklinghausen's disease.

Material And Methods: There were 4 patients (3 women and 1 man) with neurofibromatosis type I who were treated at Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery.

Results: There were 3 robot-assisted procedures: excision of retroperitoneal tumors (plexiform neurofibroma and schwannoma) in 2 cases and right adrenal pheochromocytoma in 1 patient.

Biomechanics of ramp descent in unilateral trans-tibial amputees: Comparison of a microprocessor controlled foot with conventional ankle-foot mechanisms.

Background: Walking down slopes and/or over uneven terrain is problematic for unilateral trans-tibial amputees. Accordingly, 'ankle' devices have been added to some dynamic-response feet. This study determined whether use of a microprocessor controlled passive-articulating hydraulic ankle-foot device improved the gait biomechanics of ramp descent in comparison to conventional ankle-foot mechanisms.

Interventions to decrease the risk of adverse cardiac events for patients receiving chemotherapy and serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists: a systematic review.

Background: Patients may experience nausea and vomiting when undergoing chemotherapy or surgery requiring anesthesia. Serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists are effective antiemetics, yet may cause adverse cardiac events, such as arrhythmia. We aimed to identify interventions that mitigate the cardiac risk of 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.

The effect of HIV-hepatitis C co-infection on bone mineral density and fracture: a meta-analysis.

Objective: There is a variable body of evidence on adverse bone outcomes in HIV patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We examined the association of HIV/HCV co-infection on osteoporosis or osteopenia (reduced bone mineral density; BMD) and fracture.

Design: Systematic review and random effects meta-analyses.

DNA-bound lipids of normal and tumor cells: retrospective and outlooks for functional genomics.

By very soft phenol method, the high-molecular-mass natural DNA complexes (10(8)-10(9) Da), which contain 1-3% specific lipids, were isolated from different eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Two pools of DNA-bound lipids were isolated: loosely bound (extracted with 35% ethanol) and tightly bound lipids (extracted after additional treatment DNAse I). The composition of these two lipid pools of different sources (rat thymus, liver, regenerating liver, loach sperm, pigeon erythrocytes, Zajdel ascites hepatoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, sarcoma 37, Escherichia coli B, T2 phage) was studied.

Specific natural DNA-bound lipids in post-genome era. The lipid conception of chromatin organization.

Two pools of DNA-bound lipids were isolated from DNA supramolecular complex (SC-DNA): loosely bound (extracted with 35% ethanol) and tightly bound lipids (extracted after additional treatment DNase I). The compositions of the two lipid pools from different sources (rat thymus, liver, loach sperm, pigeon erythrocytes, Zajdel ascites hepatoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, sarcoma 37, Escherichia coli B and T2 phage) were studied. The possible functions of DNA-bound lipids, especially of cardiolipin and cholesterol, at the attachment of DNA loops to the nuclear matrix, in DNA replicon organization, replication and transcription are discussed.

[Risk factors and measures of prevention of infant mortality].

The authors analyze endo- and exogenous factors responsible for infant death during the first year of life. Biological anamnesis, conditions and life style were studied in 102 families which had infants dead during the first year of life. The data were collected by interviewing mothers and analyzing primary case histories of infants.

Chromatin-bound cardiolipin: the phospholipid of proliferation.

Chromatin-bound lipids, cardiolipin (CL), diglycerides, cholesterol, and cholesterol esters, together with nonhistone proteins, play a key role in structural and functional organization of the chromatin genome during various stages of evolution. There are two pools of chromatin lipids, namely loosely- and tightly-bound lipids. The entire chromatin cardiolipin is bound to DNA.

Structural and functional aspects of nuclear lipids in normal and tumor cells.

This review summarizes available data on the structural and functional role of neutral lipids and phospholipids in normal and tumor eukaryotic cells. The role of acidic phospholipids (cardiolipin, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol) in regulation of activities of DNA- and RNA-polymerases, DNA-topoisomerases I and II, DNA-methylases, and replication initiation proteins (dnaA and T-antigen) is discussed. The role of sphingolipids is emphasized considering, on one hand, the involvement of sphingosines in signal transduction, chromatin association-dissociation, and regulation of DNA and RNA synthesis and protein kinase C and, on the other hand, participation of ceramides and dihydroceramides in apoptosis.

[The role of disulfide bridges of the residual protein in chromosomal DNA organization].

The review of literature data and our investigation on the role of disulfide bridges of residual protein (RP) in structural organization of chromosomal DNA is presented. It was studied the action of several S-S cleaving agents (2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, NaBH4, glutathione reductase) on native DNA-RP complexes, isolating from the different eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. It was shown, that the thiols result the fragmentation of DNA-RP complex in double-strand subunits of several size (5 x 10(5), (18-20) x 10(6), 70 x 10(6) Da) on dependence of the incubate condition (concentration of thiols, pH, time).

[DNA-binding lipids: composition and possible functions].

The experimental data concerning the composition of DNA-bound lipids of different eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells have been summarized. Using X-ray diffraction patterns, circular dichroism, microcalorimetry, electron microscopy, viscoelastometry and sedimentation methods, it has been proved that the lipids are important integral components of chromosomal DNA. It was shown that the DNA-bound lipids have a specific composition which differs from that of chromatin, nuclear membrane and matrix lipids.

[Thiol-induced fragmentation of chromosomal DNA].

Supramolecular complexes of DNA (SC DNA) were isolated from loach sperm, loach erythrocytes and hen erythrocytes by the phenol method. By the use of UV-sedimentation on neutral 5-20% sucrose gradient, we studied the effect of 2-mercaptoethanol (ME), dithiothreitol (DTT) and NaBH4 on SC DNA at different pH and long-time incubation (5 and 10 days). It appeared that ME treatment at pH 4.

[DNA-bound lipids from eukaryotic (loach spermatozoa, pigeon erythrocytes) and prokaryotic (E. coli B, phage T2) cells].

Using thin-layer chromatography, some specific DNA-bound neutral lipids and phospholipids of loach spermatozoa, pigeon erythrocytes, E. coli B and phage T2 cells were studied. These lipids are represented by loosely and firmly bound components.