A scoping review of cognition in spina bifida and its consequences for activity and participation throughout life.

Aim: The aim of this scoping review was to summarise findings concerning cognitive characteristics in people with spina bifida and explain how cognitive factors influence activities and participation in different areas and stages of life.

Methods: PubMed, Psych INFO, ERIC, Scopus, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library were searched for English language papers published in 2000-2018. A total of 92 papers were selected and quality was assessed according to the McMaster criteria.

Cognitive, language, and school performance in children and young adults treated for low-grade astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood.

Background: Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common brain tumour type in childhood located in the posterior fossa, and treated mainly with surgery. These tumours have low mortality, but knowledge concerning its long-term outcome is sparse.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether children treated for pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa had late complications affecting cognition, language and learning.

Clinical characteristics, long-term complications and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children and young adults treated for low-grade astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood.

Introduction: Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common brain tumour in childhood but knowledge concerning its long-term outcome is sparse. The aim of the study was to investigate if children treated for low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa had complications affecting physical and psychological health, cognitive functions, learning difficulties and HRQoL.

Methods: A descriptive single-centre study, where 22 children and young adults out of 27 eligible patients (81%) treated for pilocytic astrocytoma, with a mean follow-up time of 12.

Attention difficulties and physical dysfunction common in children with complex congenital malformations: a study of preschool children with VACTERL association.

Aim: Knowledge on the neurodevelopmental and physical function in children with vertebral defects, anorectal malformations, cardiac defects, tracheo-oesophageal fistula, renal and limb malformations (VACTERL) is scarce. We evaluated Swedish preschool children with VACTERL and identified whether they would need extra support in school.

Methods: From 2015 to 2017, we recruited children aged 5-7 with VACTERL association from the paediatric surgical centre at the University Children's Hospital at Uppsala.

Impairment of neutrophilic glucocorticoid receptor function in patients treated with steroids for septic shock.

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC) treatment has variable effect in sepsis. This may be explained by decreased expression or function of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The aim of this study was to determine GR expression and binding capacity in patients during and after sepsis.

A case of life-threatening rectal administration of moist snuff.

Case Report: We report a case of self-administration of 75 sachets of moist snuff rectally in a previously healthy, 42-year-old man. He presented with symptoms of nausea, discomfort, and dizziness. He had dry and warm skin, a pulse rate of 53 bpm, a mean arterial blood pressure of 135 mmHg and fluctuations in consciousness.

Factors of significance for mobility in children with myelomeningocele.

Aim: To investigate neurological impairment, hand function and cognitive function in a group of children with myelomeningocele, in order to identify factors of significance for independent mobility and the physical assistance required for mobility in daily activities.

Methods: The study material comprised 32 children, aged 6-11 y and without mental retardation. Mobility was assessed with the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, scored as caregiver assistance.