Assessment of glove stretch and storage temperature on fentanyl permeation: Implications for standard test methods and PPE recommendations.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health recommends the use of nitrile gloves with a minimum thickness of 5.0 ± 2.0 mil [0.

Evaluation of taurine and carnitine concentrations in whole blood, plasma, skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle in dogs.

Little is known about how plasma and whole blood taurine and plasma carnitine correlate to concentrations in skeletal and cardiac muscle and the effects of diet in dogs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation among plasma, skeletal and cardiac muscle carnitine and taurine and whole blood taurine and determine the effect of diet. The study protocol was approved by the Pet Food Solutions Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

The impact of protein source and grain inclusion on digestibility, fecal metabolites, and fecal microbiome in adult canines.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of animal protein inclusion rate and grain-free or grain-inclusive diets on macronutrient digestibility, fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota in mixed-breed hounds and Beagles. Four experimental extruded kibble diets were made with varying amounts of animal protein and carbohydrates: 1) high animal protein, grain-inclusive (HA-GI), 2) low animal protein, grain-free (LA-GF), 3) low animal protein, grain-inclusive (LA-GI), and 4) high animal protein, grain-free (HA-GF). Thirty-two Beagles and 33 mixed-breed hounds were assigned to 1 of the 4 treatment groups in a completely randomized design that lasted 180 d.

Evaluation of the effects of wiping decontamination for filter cartridges of elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs).

Background: A major concern among health care experts is a shortage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators during a pandemic. If the supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators becomes limited, reusable elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs) may be used to protect health care workers. The focus of this study was to evaluate the effects on the filter performance of wiping decontamination for EHMR P100 filter cartridges.

Commercial Extruded Plant-Based Diet Lowers Circulating Levels of Trimethylamine -Oxide (TMAO) Precursors in Healthy Dogs: A Pilot Study.

Elevations in circulating trimethylamine -oxide (TMAO) and its precursors are observed in humans and dogs with heart failure and are associated with adverse outcomes in people. Dietary intervention that reduces or excludes animal ingredients results in rapid reduction of plasma TMAO and TMAO precursors in people, but the impact of diet in dogs has not been studied. The objective of the current study was to determine the effect of diet on plasma TMAO and 2 of its precursors (choline and betaine) in dogs fed a commercial extruded plant-based diet (PBD) or a commercial extruded traditional diet (TD) containing animal and plant ingredients.

Complex central nervous system malformations in a Dutch Warmblood foal.

A neonatal Dutch Warmblood colt was evaluated for inability to stand, incoordination and intention tremor. Despite partial improvement in clinical signs during the first 4 days of hospitalization, neurological deficits remained. Magnetic resonance imaging identified a unilateral infratentorial arachnoid cyst-like lesion with ipsilateral compression and displacement of the cerebellar hemisphere, absent corpus collosum, polymicrogyria, suspect leukoencephalopathy, and noncompressive occipitoatlantal malformation.

Nonpathological phalangeal fractures in cattle: 17 cases (2004-2020).

Objective: To characterize clinical findings and outcomes for cattle with nonpathological phalangeal fractures.

Animals: 17 cattle with nonpathological phalangeal fractures.

Procedures: Medical records of a teaching hospital were reviewed to identify cattle treated for nonpathological phalangeal fracture between May 2004 and May 2020.

Traumatic exungulation in cattle: ten cases (1993-2018).

Objective: To describe clinical findings, treatments, and outcomes for cattle with complete traumatic exungulation.

Animals: 10 bovines.

Procedures: Record databases of 2 teaching hospitals were searched to identify cattle treated for traumatic exungulation between January 1993 and December 2018.

Mycobacterial Cell Wall Stimulant in the Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series Regarding Treatment in Equine, Bovine and Caprine Patients.

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common dermatological neoplasia found in large animal species. Treatment options, such as surgery and cryotherapy may be difficult or not feasible. Alternative therapies, such as immunomodulating drugs, can potentially be used for companion large animals.

Regional Variations in Maternal Mortality and Health Workforce Availability in the United States.

Background: Skilled, high-quality health providers and birth attendants are important for reducing maternal mortality.

Objective: To assess whether U.S.

Review of canine dilated cardiomyopathy in the wake of diet-associated concerns.

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been in the literature and news because of the recent opinion-based journal articles and public releases by regulatory agencies. DCM is commonly associated with a genetic predisposition in certain dog breeds and can also occur secondary to other diseases and nutritional deficiencies. Recent communications in veterinary journals have discussed a potential relationship between grain-free and/or novel protein diets to DCM, citing a subjective increase in DCM in dog breeds that are not known to have a genetic predisposition for the disease.

The geographic alignment of primary care Health Professional Shortage Areas with markers for social determinants of health.

Background: The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), works to ensure accessible, quality, health care for the nation's underserved populations, especially those who are medically, economically, or geographically vulnerable.

Impacts of ocean acidification on intertidal benthic foraminiferal growth and calcification.

Foraminifera are expected to be particularly susceptible to future changes in ocean carbonate chemistry as a function of increased atmospheric CO2. Studies in an experimental recirculating seawater system were performed with a dominant benthic foraminiferal species collected from intertidal mudflats. We investigated the experimental impacts of ocean acidification on survival, growth/calcification, morphology and the biometric features of a calcareous species Elphidium williamsoni.

Frontal sinusitis in adult beef bulls: 18 cases (1999-2014).

Objective: To characterize frontal sinusitis unrelated to standard dehorning procedures in adult beef bulls.

Animals: 18 beef bulls > 2 years of age treated for frontal sinusitis at a veterinary medical teaching hospital between May 1999 and May 2014.

Procedures: Medical records were reviewed.

Impact of the Health Resources and Services Administration's state oral health workforce grant program on dental workforce density and access to oral health care.

Background: The Health Resources and Services Administration's Grants to States to Support Oral Health Workforce Activities, otherwise known as the State Oral Health Workforce Program (SOHWP), help states develop and implement innovations that address the workforce needs of dental Health Professional Shortage Areas in a manner appropriate to the states' individual needs.

Aim: This cross-sectional study explores the broad impact of the SOHWP by comparing measures of dental workforce density and access to oral health care in states with multiple years of funding versus states with few or no years of funding.

Methods: We used data for 2006-2016 SOHWP awardees together with data from the 2016-2017 Area Health Resources Files and the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to compare numbers of dentists per 100,000 population and age-adjusted prevalence of annual dental visits among adults for long-term SOHWP-funded states versus states with few or no years of funding.

Evaluation of prognostic indicators for goats with pregnancy toxemia.

Objective: To evaluate potential prognostic indicators for does with pregnancy toxemia (PT) and their offspring.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Animals: 56 does.

Outcome and complications in goats treated by perineal urethrostomy for obstructive urolithiasis: 25 cases (2010-2017).

Background: Obstructive urolithiasis commonly affects male goats. Perineal urethrostomy (PU) can be a permanent treatment option but is generally considered undesirable because of the risk of stricture of the urethral stoma. Limited information exists regarding long-term outcome and complications in goats undergoing PU for treatment of obstructive urolithiasis.

Surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus in a dorper sheep.

Objective: To report the diagnosis and treatment of a companion dorper wether with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Study Design: Case report.

Animal: An 8-month-old dorper wether presented to its primary care veterinarian for a persistent cough and was referred for suspected heart failure on the basis of physical examination and thoracic radiography.

Disequilibrium, Adaptation, and the Norse Settlement of Greenland.

There is increasing evidence to suggest that arctic cultures and ecosystems have followed non-linear responses to climate change. Norse Scandinavian farmers introduced agriculture to sub-arctic Greenland in the late tenth century, creating synanthropic landscapes and utilising seasonally abundant marine and terrestrial resources. Using a niche-construction framework and data from recent survey work, studies of diet, and regional-scale climate proxies we examine the potential mismatch between this imported agricultural niche and the constraints of the environment from the tenth to the fifteenth centuries.

Trends in racial and ethnic demographics of the nursing workforce: 2000 to 2015.

Background: The case for a more diverse nursing workforce has never been stronger given the rapidly changing demographics of the United States (U.S.) and the underrepresentation of certain racial and ethnic groups in nursing.

Perspectives: Using Results from HRSA's Health Workforce Simulation Model to Examine the Geography of Primary Care.

Objective: Inform health planning and policy discussions by describing Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA's) Health Workforce Simulation Model (HWSM) and examining the HWSM's 2025 supply and demand projections for primary care physicians, nurse practitioners (NPs), and physician assistants (PAs).

Data Sources: HRSA's recently published projections for primary care providers derive from an integrated microsimulation model that estimates health workforce supply and demand at national, regional, and state levels.

Principal Findings: Thirty-seven states are projected to have shortages of primary care physicians in 2025, and nine states are projected to have shortages of both primary care physicians and PAs.

Veterans' Location in Health Professional Shortage Areas: Implications for Access to Care and Workforce Supply.

Objective: To describe the distribution of Veterans in areas of the United States where there are potentially inadequate supplies of health professionals, and to explore opportunities suggested by this distribution for fostering health workforce flexibility.

Data Sources: County-level data from the 2015-2016 Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA's) Area Health Resources Files (AHRF) were used to estimate Veteran populations in HRSA-designated health professional shortage areas (HPSAs). This information was then linked to 2015 VA health facility information from the Department of Veterans Affairs.