[Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and obesity].

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological syndrome characterized by elevated intracranial pressure in the absence of intracerebral abnormalities or hydrocephalus.

Case Description: A 17-year-old girl gained more than 25 kg in weight during treatment with risperidone and subsequently developed headache, diplopia and loss of vision due to IIH. After insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal drain and discontinuation of risperidone she lost weight and her symptoms improved.

Transmission and control of Salmonella in the pig feed chain: a conceptual model.

Infected breeder pigs and contaminated feed represent potential sources of Salmonella introduction to fattening pig herds and may thereby cause human infections acquired via consumption of contaminated pork. Modelling approaches such as quantitative microbial risk assessment could improve the design of strategies for control and tracing of Salmonella in the feed chain. However, the construction of such models requires a thorough understanding of the dynamics of the feed chain, including production processes, microbial processes and transport logistics.

Number of Salmonella on chicken breast filet at retail level and its implications for public health risk.

This study aimed to characterize the number of Salmonella on chicken breast filet at the retail level and to evaluate if this number affects the risk of salmonellosis. From October to December 2005, 220 chilled raw filets (without skin) were collected from five local retail outlets in The Netherlands. Filet rinses that were positive after enrichment were enumerated with a three-tube most-probable-number (MPN) assay.

Nonlinear analysis of EEG in septic encephalopathy.

Electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded in fourteen patients who experienced a severe septic encephalopathy (SE). EEG analysis included visual inspection, spectral analysis and a recently developed nonlinear analysis (the Kaplan test). All EEGs showed decreased fast activity and an increase of slow wave activity on visual inspection.

Transcranial Doppler and systemic hemodynamic studies in septic shock.

The present study outlines the relationship between cerebral and systemic hemodynamics in patients with septic shock. Sepsis is an immune mediated systemic disease in which the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) often decreases as a result of a Gram negative sepsis. The result is a hyperdynamic systemic circulation with redistribution phenomena in different organ systems.

Relationship between atlanto-odontoid osteoarthritis and idiopathic suboccipital neck pain.

We discuss the relationship of atlanto-odontoid (AO) (anterior C1-C2 joint) osteoarthritis to suboccipital pain. A questionnaire regarding suboccipital neck pain was presented to 210 consecutive patients undergoing computed tomography (CT) of the brain or sinuses for a variety of indications. In all patients the AO joint and the lateral scout image of the cervical spine were studied.

Association of transverse ligament calcification with anterior atlanto-odontoid osteoarthritis: CT findings.

The craniocervical junction was assessed in 700 consecutive unselected patients undergoing CT of the brain or paranasal sinuses, to investigate whether transverse ligament calcification was associated with advanced degenerative changes at the anterior atlanto-odontoid (AO) joint. Calcific deposits within the transverse ligament were seen in 40 patients (5.7%).

Atlanto-odontoid osteoarthritis. Appearance and prevalence at computed tomography.

Study Design: In this prospective study, the authors evaluated the atlanto-odontoid (AO) joint in 500 consecutive patients who underwent computed tomographies (CTs) of the brain or paranasal sinuses.

Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine age specificity of various morphologic abnormalities related to osteoarthritis at the AO joint in patients referred for CT primarily to exclude brain or sinus abnormalities.

Summary Of Background Data: In all patients, at least two axial slices through the AO joint were evaluated by two authors, and agreement was reached by consensus.

Carbamyl phosphate synthetase-1 deficiency discovered after valproic acid-induced coma.

Valproic acid induced coma is presented in an adult patient without a history of metabolic disease. Liver biopsy revealed a reduction in activity of carbamyl phosphate synthetase-I, an enzyme obligated for transformation of ammonia to urea in the urea cycle. After recovery CT scan follow-up showed marked cerebral atrophy which did not exist prior to the state of coma.