Resistance of Anopheles gambiae s.s. against commonly used insecticides and implication of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in resistance to pyrethroids in Lambaréné (Gabon).

Background: Insecticides are a crucial component of vector control. However, resistance constitute a threat on their efficacy and the gains obtained over the years through malaria vector control. In Gabon, little data on phenotypic insecticide resistance in Anopheles vectors are published, compromising the rational implementation of resistance management strategies.

Assessment of environmental and spatial factors influencing the establishment of Anopheles gambiae larval habitats in the malaria endemic province of Woleu-Ntem, northern Gabon.

Background: This study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of Anopheles mosquito larval habitats and the environmental factors associated with them, as a prerequisite for the implementation of larviciding.

Methods: The study was conducted in December 2021, during the transition period between the end of the short rainy season (September-November) and the short dry season (December-February). Physical, biological, and land cover data were integrated with entomological observations to collect Anopheles larvae in three major towns: Mitzic, Oyem, and Bitam, using the "dipping" method during the transition from rainy to dry season.

Anopheles gambiae s.s. resistance to pyrethroids and DDT in semi-urban and rural areas of the Moyen-Ogooué Province, Gabon.

Background: Pyrethroids are the main insecticides used in vector control for malaria. However, their extensive use in the impregnation of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying has led to the development of resistance, threatening its success as a tool for malaria control. Baseline data prior to large scale distribution of LLINs are important for the implementation of efficient strategies.

Assessment of malaria transmission intensity and insecticide resistance mechanisms in three rural areas of the Moyen Ogooué Province of Gabon.

Background: Vector control is considered to be the most successful component of malaria prevention programs and a major contributor to the reduction of malaria incidence over the last two decades. However, the success of this strategy is threatened by the development of resistance to insecticides and behavioural adaptations of vectors. The aim of this study was to monitor malaria transmission and the distribution of insecticide resistance genes in Anopheles populations from three rural areas of the Moyen Ogooué Province of Gabon.

Prevalence of non-Plasmodium falciparum species in southern districts of Brazzaville in The Republic of the Congo.

Background: Although Plasmodium falciparum infection is largely documented and this parasite is the main target for malaria eradication, other Plasmodium species persist, and these require more attention in Africa. Information on the epidemiological situation of non-P. falciparum species infections is scarce in many countries, including in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (hereafter Republic of the Congo) where malaria is highly endemic.

Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) in South-West Cameroon four years after long-lasting insecticidal net mass distribution.

Background: Members of the Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) complex are one of the major vectors of malaria in Africa.