A rare case of follicular lymphoma of the bladder.

This case details a 69-year-old female with a 3cm bladder mass on imaging who underwent transurethral resection of the bladder with pathology revealing non-Hodgkin follicular lymphoma to the bladder. The rarity and complexity of this presentation generated a challenging treatment dilemma regarding surveillance and active treatment.

Metastatic melanoma to the proximal ureter.

We present an exceptionally rare scenario of obstructive uropathy secondary to a ureteral mass. This case details a 68-year-old female with metastatic stage IIID melanoma of the right heel found to have a two cm right proximal ureteral mass with associated hydronephrosis. Pathology from ureteroscopic biopsy revealed metastatic melanoma to the ureter, creating a unique treatment quandary.

Submuscular Plating Versus Elastic Intramedullary Nailing in Children with Femoral Shaft Fracture; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) is currently the technique of choice for pediatric femoral fractures. Submuscular plating (SMP) allows reliable healing associated with an early range of motion. The following systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to reveal the functional and surgical outcomes of SMP and ESIN for fixation of pediatric femoral fractures and to aid in the decision-making processes for those who perform these procedures.

Bar-Retained Zygomatic Implant Overdenture as a First Line of Treatment.

Over time the case selection and surgical approach of zygomatic implants has evolved into a primary option for maxillary implant reconstruction. Typically, these implants have been immediately loaded and restored with fixed-hybrid prostheses. This article illustrates an alternative to this traditional approach by using zygomatic implants as a first line of treatment by placing them immediately but restoring them with a delayed loading bar-retained overdenture.

Optimizing drug inhibition of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in mice.

Background: Administering allergens in increasing doses can temporarily suppress IgE-mediated allergy and anaphylaxis by desensitizing mast cells and basophils; however, allergen administration during desensitization therapy can itself induce allergic responses. Several small molecule drugs and nutraceuticals have been used clinically and experimentally to suppress these allergic responses.

Objectives: This study sought to optimize drug inhibition of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.

Associations between oral health and general health: a surveywide association study of the NHANES.

Objective: This proof of concept study uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore potential associations between oral and systemic health in a survey-wide association study (SWAS).

Basic Research Design: Data from n=9,971 records in the 2015-2016 NHANES survey were used to evaluate associations between self-rated oral health and the various systemic health conditions that are included in the survey. Associations were estimated using survey-weighted linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, and smoking status.

Salivary Cortisol Does Not Correlate with Metabolic Syndrome Markers or Subjective Stress in Overweight Children.

Objective: Being overweight is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in children, but not all overweight children develop metabolic syndrome. Cortisol excess from chronic psychological stress has been proposed as an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome in this already at-risk population. The present study assesses the relationship of biochemical and body composition radiographic markers of metabolic syndrome to salivary cortisol and self-report of chronic psychological stress in a cohort of overweight children.

Risk Factors for Intraarticular Heterotopic Bone Formation in the Temporomandibular Joint in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Objective: Intraarticular corticosteroid (IAC) injections are often used to treat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). One potential complication of IA therapy is heterotopic bone formation (HBF). The purpose of our study was to evaluate risk factors for HBF development in children with JIA who received IA therapy for TMJ arthritis.

Anti-FcγRIIB mAb suppresses murine IgG-dependent anaphylaxis by Fc domain targeting of FcγRIII.

Background: The inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB is expressed on human and murine bone marrow-derived cells and limits inflammation by suppressing signaling through stimulatory receptors.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the effects of K9.361, a mouse IgG alloantibody to mouse FcγRIIB, on murine anaphylaxis.

Immunoglobulin Glycosylation Effects in Allergy and Immunity.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review will be to familiarize the reader with the general area of antibody (Ab) glycosylation and to summarize the known functional roles of glycosylation and how glycan structure can contribute to various disease states with emphasis on allergic disease.

Recent Findings: Both immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype and conserved Fc glycosylation sites often dictate the downstream activity of an Ab where complexity and degree of glycosylation contribute to its ability to bind Fc receptors (FcRs) and activate complement. Most information on the effects of glycosylation center on IgG in cancer therapy and autoimmunity.

MuSK induced experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis does not require IgG1 antibody to MuSK.

Sera of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients with muscle-specific receptor kinase-antibody (MuSK-Ab) predominantly display the non-complement fixing IgG4 isotype. Similarly, mouse IgG1, which is the analog of human IgG4, is the predominant isotype in mice with experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) induced by MuSK immunization. The present study was performed to determine whether IgG1 anti-MuSK antibody is required for immunized mice to develop EAMG.

Human IgE-independent systemic anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a rapidly developing, life-threatening, generalized or systemic allergic reaction that is classically elicited by antigen crosslinking of antigen-specific IgE bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI on mast cells and basophils. This initiates signals that induce cellular degranulation with release and secretion of vasoactive mediators, enzymes, and cytokines. However, IgE-independent mechanisms of anaphylaxis have been clearly demonstrated in experimental animals.

Vitamin E and the risk of childhood asthma.

Introduction: Asthma, a heterogeneous disease with multiple phenotypes, remains a significant health problem. Present treatments are not curative and prevention should be our ultimate goal. Vitamin E supplementation presents a potential easy and cheap preventive therapy but the results of studies are confusing and sometimes contradictory.

Head-to-head comparison of protocol modifications for the generation of collagen-induced arthritis in a specific-pathogen free facility using DBA/1 mice.

Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a widely used mouse model for studying inflammatory arthritis (IA). However, CIA induction protocols differ between laboratories, and direct comparison between protocol variations has not been reported. To address this issue, DBA/1 mice housed in conventional and specific-pathogen free (SPF) facilities were administered various combinations of two doses of collagen type II (CII) in complete (CFA) or incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA); some mice were also injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or additional CII at specific intervals.

Cγ1 Deficiency Exacerbates Collagen-Induced Arthritis.

Objective: IgG antibodies protect by aggregating pathogens and activating complement and stimulatory Fcγ receptors (FcγR). Although IgG1 accounts for a large percentage of murine serum antibodies, it poorly activates complement, binds more avidly to inhibitory FcγRIIb than to stimulatory FcγRIII, and has a relatively low aggregating ability. We previously demonstrated that IgG1 protects against complement- and FcγR-independent renal disease by inhibiting immune complex obstruction of glomerular capillaries.

Vanin-1 expression and methylation discriminate pediatric asthma corticosteroid treatment response.

Background: There is considerable heterogeneity in asthma treatment response.

Objective: We sought to identify biomarkers of corticosteroid treatment response in children with asthma and evaluate the utility and mechanistic basis of these biomarkers.

Methods: Children (5-18 years) presenting to the emergency department with an acute asthma exacerbation were recruited and followed during hospitalization.

IgG1 deficiency exacerbates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in BALB/c mice.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness due to neuromuscular junction (NMJ) damage by anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) auto-antibodies and complement. In experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), which is induced by immunization with Torpedo AChR in CFA, anti-AChR IgG2b and IgG1 are the predominant isotypes in the circulation. Complement activation by isotypes such as IgG2b plays a crucial role in EAMG pathogenesis; this suggested the possibility that IgG1, which does not activate complement through the classical pathway, may suppress EAMG.

IgG1 protects against renal disease in a mouse model of cryoglobulinaemia.

Immunoglobulins protect against disease to a considerable extent by activating complement and stimulatory immunoglobulin crystallizable fragment receptors (Ig FcRs), and aggregating microbial pathogens. Yet IgG1, the predominant murine serum Ig isotype, cannot activate complement by the classical pathway, binds more avidly to an inhibitory than to stimulatory FcRs, and has limited ability to aggregate pathogens. In these regards, it resembles human IgG4 (ref.