SMIM1 absence is associated with reduced energy expenditure and excess weight.

Background: Obesity rates have nearly tripled in the past 50 years, and by 2030 more than 1 billion individuals worldwide are projected to be obese. This creates a significant economic strain due to the associated non-communicable diseases. The root cause is an energy expenditure imbalance, owing to an interplay of lifestyle, environmental, and genetic factors.

Evidence that CD36 is expressed on red blood cells and constitutes a novel blood group system of clinical importance.

Background And Objectives: Polymorphic molecules expressed on the surface of certain blood cells are traditionally categorized as blood groups and human platelet or neutrophil antigens. CD36 is widely considered a platelet antigen (Nak) and anti-CD36 can cause foetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) in CD36-negative pregnant women. CD36 is used as a marker of differentiation in early erythroid culture.

Elucidation of the low-expressing erythroid CR1 phenotype by bioinformatic mining of the GATA1-driven blood-group regulome.

Genetic determinants underlying most human blood groups are now clarified but variation in expression levels remains largely unexplored. By developing a bioinformatics pipeline analyzing GATA1/Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) datasets, we identify 193 potential regulatory sites in 33 blood-group genes. As proof-of-concept, we aimed to delineate the low-expressing complement receptor 1 (CR1) Helgeson phenotype on erythrocytes, which is correlated with several diseases and protects against severe malaria.

The LW blood group system: not just "tagging along" with D.

This update of the Landsteiner-Wiener (LW) blood group system (Grandstaff Moulds MK. The LW blood group system: a review. Immunohematology 2011;27:136-42.

Shows Equal Predilection for Human ABO Blood Types in an In Vitro Erythrocyte Preference Assay.

is spread to humans via ticks or blood transfusions. Severity of malaria is strongly correlated to the ABO blood group of the patient. is an intraerythrocytic parasite with many similarities to malaria, but the impact of ABO on the susceptibility to and progression of the infection in humans is unknown.

A novel nonsense variant in RHAG underlies a Nordic Rh phenotype.

Background And Objectives: The extremely rare Rh phenotype is characterized by the absence of all Rh antigens on erythrocytes. It is divided into the regulator and amorph types based on the underlying genetic background. The more common regulator type depends on critical variants silencing RHAG, which encodes RhAG glycoprotein, necessary for RhD/RhCE expression.

Yes, MAM: how the cancer-related EMP3 protein became a regulator of erythropoiesis and the key protein underlying a new blood group system.

The MAM blood group system (International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT] 041) consists of one high-prevalence antigen to date, first detected in a 31-year-old woman during her third pregnancy. Epithelial membrane protein 3 () was recently identified as the gene coding the MAM antigen. Six unique genetic variants have been described in in 11 MAM- individuals.

Autoantibodies against red blood cell antigens are common in a malaria endemic area.

Plasmodium falciparum malaria can cause severe anemia. Even after treatment, hematocrit can decrease. The role of autoantibodies against erythrocytes is not clearly elucidated and how common they are, or what they are directed against, is still largely unknown.

International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Red Cell Immunogenetics and Blood Group Terminology Report of Basel and three virtual business meetings: Update on blood group systems.

Background And Objectives: Under the ISBT, the Working Party (WP) for Red Cell Immunogenetics and Blood Group Terminology is charged with ratifying blood group systems, antigens and alleles. This report presents the outcomes from four WP business meetings, one located in Basel in 2019 and three held as virtual meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021.

Materials And Methods: As in previous meetings, matters pertaining to blood group antigen nomenclature were discussed.

The Cromer blood group system: an update.

This update of the Cromer (CROM) blood group system (Storry JR, Reid ME, Yazer MH. The Cromer blood group system: a review. 2010;26:109-17) includes additional variants to the Cromer system (ISBT021), both new antigens and new molecular bases underlying the null phenotype.

Platelets inhibit erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium falciparum at physiological platelet:erythrocyte ratios.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of platelet:erythrocyte (P:E) ratios on Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte invasion.

Background: Recent reports have shown that platelets are directly involved in the immune response towards P. falciparum during erythrocyte invasion.

The Ok blood group system: an update.

This update of the Ok (OK) blood group system (Smart EA, Storry JR. The OK blood group system: a review. Immunohematology 2010;26:124-6) focuses on new information on the role of basigin (BSG), the carrier molecule of the Ok blood group antigens.

[Blood components, special components and whole blood - what and to whom?].

Sweden does not have a national blood authority and guidelines for blood transfusions are lacking, leading to varying routines of production and usage of blood in the different regions. The minimum quality requirements are defined in EU Directive 2002/98/EG and in the Swedish SOSFS 2009:28. The standard blood components are red blood cells, plasma and platelets, while special components such as irradiated, washed, frozen-thawed or antigen-matched products are prescribed on certain clinical indications.

The Role of α-Microglobulin (A1M) in Erythropoiesis and Erythrocyte Homeostasis-Therapeutic Opportunities in Hemolytic Conditions.

α-microglobulin (A1M) is a small protein present in vertebrates including humans. It has several physiologically relevant properties, including binding of heme and radicals as well as enzymatic reduction, that are used in the protection of cells and tissue. Research has revealed that A1M can ameliorate heme and ROS-induced injuries in cell cultures, organs, explants and animal models.

Two Prevalent ∼100-kb Deletions Causative of the GPB-Deficient Blood Group MNS Phenotype S-s-U- in Black Africans.

The U antigen (MNS5) is one of 49 antigens belonging to the MNS blood group system (ISBT002) carried on glycophorins A (GPA) and B (GPB). U is present on the red blood cells in almost all Europeans and Asians but absent in approximately 1.0% of Black Africans.

Association of Maternal Regulatory Single Nucleotide Polymorphic CD99 Genotype with Preeclampsia in Pregnancies Carrying Male Fetuses in Ethiopian Women.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a human specific syndrome with unknown etiology causing maternal and fetal morbidities and mortalities. In PE, maternal inflammatory responses are more exaggerated if the fetus is male than female. Other pregnancy complications such as spontaneous abortions are also more common if the fetus is male.