Antibiotic prophylaxis in oral implant surgery in Germany: a cross-sectional study.

Purpose: Prophylactic antibiotics are used in dental implants to reduce infection risk and implant failure, especially benefiting patients with risk factors. However, evidence suggests that using clindamycin or extending antibiotics postoperatively has an unfavorable risk-benefit ratio.

Methods: This national cross-sectional study analyzed antibiotic prophylaxis during implant insertion across Germany.

Risk factors for flap dehiscence and/or necrosis following standard rotational flap in cranial vault osteomyelitis without intracranial involvement: A retrospective study.

Objectives: The study aimed to estimate the incidence of flap dehiscence and/or necrosis (FD/N) following standard rotational flap (SRF) surgery for cranial vault osteomyelitis without intracranial involvement (CVO) and to identify factors associated with these complications.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using chart reviews of patients who underwent SRF to cover CVO defects over a 10-year period. Twenty-one predictor variables were analysed, categorised into demographic, health status, anatomic, and surgical factors.

Europium Lithosilicates LiEuSiN and LiEuSiO-Crystal Structures and Luminescence.

With LiEuSiN, the end member of the solid-solution series set up by substituting the divalent cation in the well-known host materials LiCaSiN and LiSrSiN with Eu(II) could be synthesized and described by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and single-grain luminescence spectroscopy. The new compound crystallizes isotypically to LiCaSiN and LiSrSiN in cubic space group 3̅ (no. 205) with a lattice parameter of = 10.

Isomorphism of Sr[LiAlO] and Sr[LiGaO] - Syntheses, Crystal Structure, and Europium(II) Luminescence.

While highly efficient red-emitting inorganic phosphors have been discovered in the substance class of alkaline earth oxo(nitrido)lithoaluminates, new narrow-band green- and yellow-emitting components are being sought to improve the performance of phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs). Various solid-state reactions were carried out under protective gas atmosphere in nickel crucibles and sealed tantalum ampules to synthesize Sr[LiAlO], Sr[LiGaO], and five substitutional derivates of Sr[Li(Al Ga )O] at moderate temperatures. The observation of a linear increase in the unit cell parameters as a function of the increasing gallium mole fraction in Sr[Li(Al Ga )O] revealed Vegard behavior in the solid-solution series, which was derived from powder X-ray diffraction data.

Boosting of retinol activity using novel lecithin: Retinol acyltransferase inhibitors.

Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the main enzyme catalysing the esterification of retinol to retinyl esters and, hence, is of central importance for retinol homeostasis. As retinol, by its metabolite retinoic acid, stimulates fibroblasts to synthesize collagen fibres and inhibits collagen-degrading enzymes, the inhibition of LRAT presents an intriguing strategy for anti-ageing ingredients by increasing the available retinol in the skin. Here, we synthesized several derivatives mimicking natural lecithin substrates as potential LRAT inhibitors.

Caspase-8 promotes scramblase-mediated phosphatidylserine exposure and fusion of osteoclast precursors.

Efficient cellular fusion of mononuclear precursors is the prerequisite for the generation of fully functional multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts. However, the exact molecular factors and mechanisms controlling osteoclast fusion remain incompletely understood. Here we identify RANKL-mediated activation of caspase-8 as early key event during osteoclast fusion.

Complications of preseptal versus retroseptal transconjunctival approach for isolated orbital floor fracture repair: A double-blind, non-inferiority, randomized, split-face controlled trial.

Introduction: Effective surgical access to the orbital floor facilitates surgery and mitigates postoperative complications (PC). The aim of this study was to compare PC between the preseptal and retroseptal transconjunctival approaches (PS-TCA/RS-TCA) for isolated orbital floor fracture (OFF).

Materials And Methods: Using a double-blind, non-inferiority, randomized, split-face study design, patients aged ≥ 18 years with bilateral isolated OFF were enrolled.

Metabolic rewiring promotes anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids.

Glucocorticoids represent the mainstay of therapy for a broad spectrum of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-inflammatory mode of action have remained incompletely understood. Here we show that the anti-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids involve reprogramming of the mitochondrial metabolism of macrophages, resulting in increased and sustained production of the anti-inflammatory metabolite itaconate and consequent inhibition of the inflammatory response.

A stepwise approach to chainsaw kickback injury of the nasoorbital complex: a case-based meta-narrative review.

Purpose: This article outlines the management of a rare and severe nasoorbital injury resulting from a chainsaw kickback accident in a 60-year-old male. A meta-narrative review of English, French, and German literature indexed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to January 8, 2024, accompanies the case report.

Methods: This was a case report combined with a comprehensive review based on the 2011 Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine's highest and most recent level of evidence (LoE) and highest recommendation grade (RG).

Current German Recommendations and International Research on the Use of COVID-19 Boosters among Health Care Providers in 2024: A Narrative Review.

While the World Health Organization (WHO) has de-escalated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from a global health emergency, ongoing discussions persist as new viral variants. This article aimed to consolidate German recommendations and international research to offer health care providers (HCPs) a comprehensive guide on COVID-19 boosters in 2024. The review outlines key recommendations from the German Robert Koch Institute.

How does weight gain since the age of 18 years affect breast cancer risk in later life? A meta-analysis.

Early life factors are important risk factors for breast cancer. The association between weight gain after age 18 and breast cancer risk is inconsistent across previous epidemiologic studies. To evaluate this association, we conducted a meta-analysis according to PRISMA guidelines and the established inclusion criteria.

Spirituality in Oncology: Relations between Spirituality, Its Facets, and Psychological and Demographic Factors in Cancer Patients in Germany.

Introduction: Cancer diagnoses are constantly increasing in clinical practice. Therefore, more and more patients are interested in how they can actively participate in the process of treatment. Spirituality represents a hidden issue of the population, which counts as a branch of complementary and alternative treatment.

Associated anomalies in anophthalmia and microphthalmia.

Infants with anophthalmia and microphthalmia (an/microphthalmia) have often other associated congenital anomalies. The reported frequency and the types of these associated anomalies vary between different studies. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the frequency and the types of associated anomalies among cases with an/microphthalmia in a geographically well defined population of northeastern France of 387,067 consecutive pregnancies from 1979 to 2007.

Finetuning of GLIDE stable diffusion model for AI-based text-conditional image synthesis of dermoscopic images.

Background: The development of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms and advances in medical domains rely on large datasets. A recent advancement in text-to-image generative AI is GLIDE (Guided Language to Image Diffusion for Generation and Editing). There are a number of representations available in the GLIDE model, but it has not been refined for medical applications.

Introducing a standardized assessment of patients' interest in and usage of CAM in routine cancer care: chances and risks from patients' and physicians' point of view.

Background: Cancer patients often use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), however, standardized assessment in clinical routine is missing. The aim of this study was to evaluate a screening questionnaire on CAM usage that was published in the S3 Guideline Complementary Medicine in the Treatment of Oncological Patients.

Methods: We developed a survey questionnaire to assess the practicability of the guideline questionnaire and communication on CAM between health care providers (HCPs) and patients.

Associated anomalies in Pierre Robin sequence.

Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) is frequently co-occurring with other non-PRS congenital anomalies. The types and the prevalence of anomalies co-occurring with PRS vary in the reported studies. The aims of this report was to study the types and the prevalence of the anomalies co-occurring with PRS in a well-studied population northeastern France.

Repeated measures of mammographic density and texture to evaluate prediction and risk of breast cancer: a systematic review of the methods used in the literature.

Purpose: It may be important for women to have mammograms at different points in time to track changes in breast density, as fluctuations in breast density can affect breast cancer risk. This systematic review aimed to assess methods used to relate repeated mammographic images to breast cancer risk.

Methods: The databases including Medline (Ovid) 1946-, Embase.

The effect of digital health interventions on postpartum depression or anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of digital health interventions compared with treatment as usual on preventing and treating postpartum depression and postpartum anxiety.

Data Sources: Searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov.