STING Agonist Induced Innate Immune Responses Drive Anti-Respiratory Virus Activity with Limited Antiviral Efficacy .

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal outbreaks of other respiratory viruses highlight the urgent need for broad-spectrum antivirals to treat respiratory tract infections. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a key component of innate immune signaling and plays a critical role in protection of the host against viral infections. Previously the STING agonist diABZI-4, a diamidobenzimidazole-based compound, demonstrated protection against SARS-CoV-2 both and .

Development and evaluation of a de-escalation training intervention in adult acute and forensic units: the EDITION systematic review and feasibility trial.

Background: Containment (e.g. physical restraint and seclusion) is used frequently in mental health inpatient settings.

The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) represent a recently discovered polymorphonuclear leukocyte-associated ancient defence mechanism, and they have also been identified as part of polytrauma patients' sterile inflammatory response. This systematic review aimed to determine the clinical significance of NETs in polytrauma, focusing on potential prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. The methodology covered all major databases and all study types, but was restricted to polytraumatised humans.

The Effects of Potato Presentation on Vegetable Intake in School-Aged Children: A Cross-Over Study.

Vegetables are an essential component of a healthy dietary pattern in children; however, their consumption is often insufficient due to lack of preference. To address this, the influence of combining vegetables (mixed peas and carrots-MPACs) with potatoes, a generally liked food, on overall vegetable consumption among children aged 7-13 years was explored. The research involved a cross-over study design with 65 participants who completed five lunchtime meal conditions, each with different combinations of MPACs and potatoes versus a control (MPACs with a wheat roll).

Training Informal Supporters to Improve Responses to Victim-Survivors of Domestic Violence and Abuse: A Systematic Review.

Informal supporters (friends, family, colleagues, and community members) play a crucial role in societal-wide responses to victim-survivors of domestic violence and abuse. Familial and social networks, however, report a sense of helplessness and difficulties in knowing how to respond. This mixed method systematic review examines the effectiveness, and perceived effectiveness, of training informal supporters to improve their responses to victim-survivors.

Students' Perceptions of Their Student-Operated Restaurant Experience: A Qualitative Study.

As there is a rapid increase in the consumption of food outside the home, it is essential that future foodservice managers are well prepared for their critical role in menu creation and nutrition care planning in a variety of foodservice establishments. Student-operated restaurants (SORs) are one method of experiential learning used to educate future foodservice managers. This study aimed to explore the students' perceptions of their SOR experience and the extent to which nutrition concepts were incorporated in their program.

Ethically Driven and Methodologically Tailored: Setting the Agenda for Systematic Reviews in Domestic Violence and Abuse.

Purpose: Systematic reviews have an important, and growing, role to play in the global evidence eco-system of domestic violence and abuse. Alongside substantive contributions to knowledge, such reviews stimulate debates about ethical reviewing practices and the importance of tailoring methods to the nuances of the field. This paper aims to pinpoint a set of ethical and methodological priorities to guide and enhance review practices specifically in the field of domestic abuse.

Digital Hepatic Iron Content: An Artificial Intelligence Model for Spatially Resolved Histologic Iron Quantitative Analysis in Liver Samples.

Currently, the precise evaluation of tissue hepatic iron content (HIC) requires laboratory testing using tissue-destructive methods based on colorimetry or spectrophotometry. To maximize the use of routine histologic stains in this context, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the recognition and spatially resolved measurement of iron in liver samples. Our AI model was developed using a cloud-based, supervised deep learning platform (Aiforia Technologies).

AKT activation because of PTEN loss upregulates xCT via GSK3β/NRF2, leading to inhibition of ferroptosis in PTEN-mutant tumor cells.

Here, we show that the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) sensitizes cells to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, by restraining the expression and activity of the cystine/glutamate antiporter system X (xCT). Loss of PTEN activates AKT kinase to inhibit GSK3β, increasing NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (NRF2) along with transcription of one of its known target genes encoding xCT. Elevated xCT in Pten-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts increases the flux of cystine transport and synthesis of glutathione, which enhances the steady-state levels of these metabolites.

Educational Video Intervention Improves Perceptions of Breakfast in the Classroom Among College Students in Elementary Education.

Objective: Evaluate Elementary Education college students' familiarity and perceptions of Breakfast in the Classroom (BIC) before and after an educational video intervention.

Methods: A 5-minute educational video was developed as an intervention in a pilot study. Quantitative data were collected from Elementary Education students using preintervention and postintervention surveys and analyzed using paired sample t tests (P < 0.

PROTOCOL: Informal social support interventions for improving outcomes for victim-survivors of domestic violence and abuse: An evidence and gap map.

This is the protocol for a Campbell Evidence Gap Map. The main objectives of the EGM are: establish the nature and extent of the primary empirical evidence on informal social support interventions, identify interventions and clusters of evidence suitable for systematic review/evidence synthesis and identify gaps in the evidence on informal social support interventions.

Content Analysis of Websites of Didactic Programs in Dietetics for Evidence of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.

Objective: To examine websites of didactic programs in dietetics (DPD) for diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI)-related language and to assess perceived gender and ethnic/racial representation in images.

Methods: We conducted a content analysis on the first 6 website images and 3-elements of DPD (n = 212) websites (mission statement, goals and objectives, and the immediate landing page). Descriptive statistics and a website DEI score were calculated.

A Comparison of Experiences with Factors Related to Food Insecurity between College Students Who Are Food Secure and Food Insecure: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Previous research has reported negative health consequences and poor academic achievement among college students who are food insecure. It is unknown if students with food insecurity's experiences qualitatively differ from students who are food secure.

Objective: To qualitatively evaluate experiences of students who are food secure and food insecure with internal and external factors related to food insecurity.

The Science of Learning and Art of Education in Cardiology Fellowship.

The science of learning, bolstered by the foundational principles of adult learning, has evolved to allow for a more sophisticated understanding of how humans acquire knowledge. To optimize learning outcomes, cardiology educators should be familiar with these concepts and apply them routinely when teaching trainees. This paper presents an overview of the neurobiology of learning and adult learning principles and offers examples of ways in which this science can be applied in cardiology fellowships.

Sexual and Reproductive Health Care Experiences and Perceptions of Women with Congenital Heart Disease.

Due to medical advances, women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are living longer, healthier lives and many are considering pregnancy. The hemodynamic changes of pregnancy present high risks of morbidity and mortality for many women with CHD. As little is known about these women's reproductive health experiences, this study explores their perceptions of pregnancy and family planning care as related to CHD.

Preparing Future Foodservice Managers: Operational and Educational Characteristics of Student-Operated Restaurants.

Objective: To study operational, management, and educational experiences of student-operated restaurants (SOR) through the perspective of SOR managers across the US.

Methods: Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 SOR managers. Qualitative case study procedures were used for analysis.

Discovery and structure-activity relationships of a novel oxazolidinone class of bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors.

There is an increasingly urgent and unmet medical need for novel antibiotic drugs that tackle infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Novel bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) are of high interest due to limited cross-resistance with fluoroquinolones, however analogues with Gram-negative activity often suffer from hERG channel inhibition. A novel series of bicyclic-oxazolidinone inhibitors of bacterial type II topoisomerase were identified which display potent broad-spectrum anti-bacterial activity, including against MDR strains, along with an encouraging in vitro safety profile.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Forensic Mental Health Services and Clinical Outcomes: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a substantial impact on forensic mental health service provision and implementation. This study aimed to provide an analysis of the impact of COVID-19 related restrictions on routine outcomes within a large forensic mental health service in London, UK.

Method: We conducted a longitudinal cohort study using data collected routinely prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2018-March 2020) and then stages thereafter (March 2020-March 2021; analyzed as March-May 2020, June-September 2020, October-December 2020, January-March 2021).

Educational Attainment, Race, and Ethnicity as Predictors for Ideal Cardiovascular Health: From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Background Educational attainment is protective for cardiovascular health (CVH), but the benefits of education may not persist across racial and ethnic groups. Our objective was to determine whether the association between educational attainment and ideal CVH differs by race and ethnicity in a nationally representative sample. Methods and Results Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we determined the distribution of ideal CVH, measured by Life's Simple 7, across levels of educational attainment.

Sexual violence and cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death among adults. Over 35% of women worldwide report lifetime exposure to sexual violence. While psychosocial factors broadly have been linked to CVD risk, it is unclear if a history of sexual violence is associated with increased risk for CVD.

The effect of the lone parent household on cardiovascular health (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2015-2016).

Study Objective: Single parenthood is associated with adverse health outcomes. How cardiovascular risk differs by parenthood status has had limited study. We hypothesized that single parents would have worse cardiovascular risk profiles compared to those in partnered-parent households.