Risk factors for poor health outcomes for male dairy calves undergoing transportation in western Canada.

The condition of 640 male dairy calves was recorded and their health deterioration, morbidity, and mortality evaluated after long-distance transport. Assessments included a health examination, weight estimation, and measure of failed transfer of passive immunity (FTPI). A McNemar Test and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the effects of pre-transport condition on subsequent health.

Short communication: Condition of male dairy calves at auction markets.

Male dairy calves in North America are frequently marketed through live auctions. Calves have been observed in suboptimal condition both at auctions and upon arrival at calf-rearing facilities that supply the veal or dairy-beef industries. The objectives of this study were to describe the health of male dairy calves at a commercial auction in British Columbia, Canada, examine the relationships between calf price and condition, and use price data from other auctions to reflect more broadly on the variability in calf condition at auction markets.

Management of cull dairy cows: Culling decisions, duration of transport, and effect on cow condition.

Many cows culled from dairy farms arrive at livestock markets or abattoirs in compromised condition, but it is unknown whether cows are compromised at the time of culling or deteriorate during the marketing process. This study followed cull cows from farm to abattoir, monitored any deterioration, and tested the effect of providing such information on subsequent culling. For 11 mo, data were collected from 20 dairy farms, livestock markets, and abattoirs.

Fitness for transport of cull dairy cows at livestock markets.

Cows are regularly removed from dairy herds and sold at livestock markets. Many cows are removed because of health problems, and their fitness for transport may vary because of seasonal variation, delayed or poor on-farm culling decisions, injuries during transport, and other factors. However, many dairy producers lack feedback about the condition of their cows during the marketing process and how cow condition influences sale price.

African Swine Fever Status in Europe.

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious disease that affects the domestic pig and wild boar population. The aim of this study was to describe the introduction and spread of the ASF virus in Western Europe (1960⁻1995) and in Eastern Europe (2007⁻2018), with particular emphasis on the current ASF situation in Poland and its challenges and future perspectives. The first ASF outbreak in Europe was reported in Portugal in 1957, with the virus spreading over most of Western Europe over the next 30 years.

Hot topic: Management of cull dairy cows-Consensus of an expert consultation in Canada.

Many cull dairy cows enter the marketing system and travel to widely dispersed and specialized slaughter plants, and they may experience multiple handling events (e.g., loading, unloading, mixing), change of ownership among dealers, and feed and water deprivation during transport and at livestock markets.

Nonambulatory cows: Duration of recumbency and quality of nursing care affect outcome of flotation therapy.

Cows that are unable or unwilling to stand and remain recumbent for ≥ 12 h are defined as nonambulatory. Care and management of nonambulatory cattle is considered a major animal welfare concern facing the livestock industry, particularly the dairy sector. Flotation therapy has gained interest as a means to promote recovery in nonambulatory cows and is based on the concept that by floating the cow in warm water, secondary pressure damage to muscles and nerves will be reduced.

Assessment of visceral pain associated with metritis in dairy cows.

Metritis is a common disease in dairy cattle, but to our knowledge, no work has assessed pain associated with this disease. Tissue palpation is commonly used to assess pain in human and veterinary medicine. The objective of this study was to evaluate visceral pain responses during rectal palpation, with and without uterine palpation, in healthy cows and in cows diagnosed with metritis.

[Morphology of the renal pelvis and elimination of fragments after ESWL treatment of lower calix calculi].

Introduction And Objective: A prerequisite for successful outcome of exatracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is effective stone fragmentation. Despite successful stone fragmentation, complete clearance of stone fragments cannot be achieved in every patient, due to various factors. The aim of this prospective study was to determine morphological factors that affect clearance following successful stone fragmentation by ESWL.

The management of T1G3 bladder cancer.

Introduction: The treatment of T1G3 bladder cancer is still a controversial issue. Nowadays, intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation is considered to be the treatment of choice for patients with high-grade superficial bladder tumour after transurethral resection of all visible tumour. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the effects and results of this approach, recurrence and progression rates in patients with T1G3 superficial bladder tumours.

Successful surgical reconstruction of ruptured renal pelvis following blunt abdominal trauma.

A 25-year-old man with occult ureteropelvic obstruction presented with abdominal pain 3 h following blunt abdominal trauma. Isolated rupture of the right renal pelvis was promptly diagnosed and the patient underwent immediate pyeloplasty according to the Anderson-Hynes procedure. The patient made an uneventful recovery.

[Modern approach to conservative treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

It has been estimated that more than 30 million of people suffer from the symptoms in the lower urinary tract caused by benign hyperplasia of the prostate. According to data from literature the term benign hyperplasia of the prostate should be reserved only for histological diagnosis. The paper presents contemporary approaches to diagnostics and non-surgical, i.

[Use of radioisotopes in urology].

The use of radionuclide methods in the functional investigation of the urinary tract has become a routine part in the diagnostics of nephro-urologic diseases. These methods provide a great deal of important additional information concerning the functional status of the kidney and renal outlet system such as: overall renal function, contribution of the individual kidney to global renal function, regional distribution of functionally viable renal tissue within the kidney, and the state of upper as well as lower urinary tract urodynamics. These functional parameters are complementary to the anatomic details of the urinary tract status, and are best depicted by radiologic techniques.

Clinical application of high-risk scoring on an obstetric service.

Obstetric risk scoring is a formalized way of recognizing, documenting, and cumulating antepartum and intrapartum factors to predict later complications for mother, fetus, and infant. If simple, practical, and reliable, risk scoring can be clinically useful in determining appropriate levels of care. In this prospective study, antepartum and intrapartum risk scales were integrated into the clinical record, and the relationship of risk scores to outcome was evaluated for 1,275 consecutively delivered gravid women.

Normal and abnormal labor progress: I. A quantitative assessment and survey of the literature.

Quantitative labor data have been reported piecemeal in the literature; there is no previous unified report of the frequencies of each of the dysfunctional labor patterns (DLPs). In order to describe the labor process more clearly a labor diagnostic computer program was used to prospectively study an unselected series of 3,682 nearly consecutive labors from one institution. Cervicometric data for nulliparous and multiparous labor were very similar to the results of others.