Application of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine free radicals formed in indapamide and torasemide storage under UV irradiation and at the higher temperatures which appear under light exposition.

Free radical formation in two diuretics: indapamide and torasemide was examined during UV irradiation and storage at higher temperatures using X-band (9.3 GHz) electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of storing indapamide and torasemide under UV irradiation and at higher temperatures, which may occur during exposure to light.

The Effect of Natural Substances Contained in Bee Products on Prostate Cancer in In Vitro Studies.

Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men in older age groups. The WHO forecasts an increase in the incidence of prostate cancer in the coming years. Patients may not respond to treatment, and may not tolerate the side effects of chemotherapy.

Phenothiazine derivatives and their impact on the necroptosis and necrosis processes. A review.

The current review focuses on the effect of phenothiazine derivatives, tested in vitro, on necrosis and necroptosis, the latter constitutes one of the kinds of programmed cell death. Necroptosis is a necrotic and inflammatory type of programmed cell death. Phenothiazines are D1 and D2-like family receptor antagonists, which are used in the treatment of schizophrenia.

Measuring the NQO2: Melatonin Complex by Native Nano-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Melatonin exerts its effects through a series of target proteins/receptors and enzymes. Its antioxidant capacity might be due to its capacity to inhibit a quinone reductase (NQO2) at high concentration (50 μM). Demonstrating the existence of a complex between a compound and a protein is often not easy.

The role of phenothiazine derivatives in autophagy regulation: A systematic review.

In this review, we summarized the current literature on the impact of phenothiazine derivatives on autophagy in vitro. Phenothiazines are antipsychotic drugs used in the treatment of schizophrenia, which is related to altered neurotransmission and dysregulation of neuronal autophagy. Thus, phenothiazine derivatives can impact autophagy.

Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Propolis Samples from Different Geographical Regions.

Propolis composition depends on several factors. The classification of propolis is based on its geographical location, color and agricultural characteristics. It is also classified according to the flora where the bees collect the resins, which represent the raw material for propolis production.

Perphenazine and prochlorperazine decrease glioblastoma U-87 MG cell migration and invasion: Analysis of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters, E-cadherin, α-tubulin and integrins (α3, α5, and β1) levels.

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most frequent type of malignant brain tumor, and is one of the most lethal and untreatable human tumors with a very poor survival rate. Therefore, novel and effective strategies of treatment are required. Integrins play a crucial role in the regulation of cellular adhesion and invasion.

Bee Venom, Honey, and Royal Jelly in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections of the Oral Cavity: A Review.

Oral diseases affect a very large number of people, and the applied pharmacological methods of treatment and/or prevention have serious side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new, safer methods of treatment. Natural bee products, such as honey, royal jelly, and bee venom, can be a promising alternative in the treatment of oral cavity bacterial infections.

Further assessments of ligase LplA-mediated modifications of proteins in vitro and in cellulo.

Background: Posttranslational modifications of proteins are catalyzed by a large family of enzymes catalyzing many chemical modifications. One can hijack the natural use of those enzymes to modify targeted proteins with synthetic chemical moieties. The lipoic acid ligase LplA mutants can be used to introduce onto the lysine sidechain lipoic acid moiety synthetic analogues.

Biochemistry, structure, and cellular internalization of a four nanobody-bearing Fc dimer.

VHH stands for the variable regions of heavy chain only of camelid IgGs. The VHH family forms a set of interesting proteins derived from antibodies that maintain their capacity to recognize the antigen, despite their relatively small molecular weight (in the 12,000 Da range). Continuing our exploration of the possibilities of those molecules, we chose to design alternative molecules with maintained antigen recognition, but enhanced capacity, by fusing four VHH with one Fc, the fragment crystallizable region of antibodies.

Cardioprotective Activity of Selected Polyphenols Based on Epithelial and Aortic Cell Lines. A Review.

Polyphenols have recently gained popularity among the general public as products and diets classified as healthy and containing naturally occurring phenols. Many polyphenolic extracts are available on the market as dietary supplements, functional foods, or cosmetics, taking advantage of clients' desire to live a healthier and longer life. However, due to the difficulty of discovering the in vivo functions of polyphenols, most of the research focuses on in vitro studies.

Biodegradable Electrospun Nonwovens Releasing Propolis as a Promising Dressing Material for Burn Wound Treatment.

The selection of dressing is crucial for the wound healing process. Traditional dressings protect against contamination and mechanical damage of an injured tissue. Alternatives for standard dressings are regenerating systems containing a polymer with an incorporated active compound.

Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induced Apoptosis in Serous Ovarian Cancer OV7 Cells by Deregulation of BCL2/BAX Genes.

Ovarian cancer has the worst prognosis among all gynecological cancers. Therefore, it seems reasonable to seek new drugs that may improve the effectiveness of treatment or mitigate the adverse effects of chemotherapy. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has many beneficial biological properties.

The Estimation of Blood Paramagnetic Center Changes during Burns Management with Biodegradable Propolis-Nanofiber Dressing.

The evolution of the paramagnetic center system in blood during the healing of skin burn wounds dressed with a biodegradable apitherapeutic nanofiber dressing was examined. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in paramagnetic centers in blood during the influence of apitherapeutic nanofiber dressings on the healing process. The blood samples were tested before burn infliction (day 0) and, respectively, on the 10 and 21 days of the experiment.

Structure-bioavailability relationship study of genistein derivatives with antiproliferative activity on human cancer cell.

The present study assesses the in vitro and in vivo bioavailability of genistein derivatives, hydroxyalkyl- and glycosyl alkyl ethers (glycoconjugates). Studies were carried out using compounds that exhibit higher in vitro antiproliferative activity in comparison with the parent isoflavone. Based on in vitro experiments using the Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay (PAMPA) and the Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability model, we found that modification of the isoflavone structure by O-alkylation improved bioavailability in comparison to genistein.

Bee Products in Dermatology and Skin Care.

Honey, propolis, bee pollen, bee bread, royal jelly, beeswax and bee venom are natural products which have been used in medicine since ancient times. Nowadays, studies indicate that natural bee products can be used for skin treatment and care. Biological properties of these products are related to flavonoids they contain like: chrysin, apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, galangin, pinocembrin or naringenin.

Adipose-derived stem cells undergo differentiation after co-culture with porcine limbal epithelial stem cells.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are objects of interest in regenerative medicine. They are used for various therapies such as for the regeneration of bone, chondrocytes and other tissues. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) inter alia are particularly easy to access, they are relatively abundant in fat tissue.

VHH characterization.Recombinant VHHs: Production, characterization and affinity.

Among the biological approaches to therapeutics, are the cells, such as CAR-T cells engineered or not, the antibodies armed or not, and the smaller protein scaffolds that can be modified to render them specific of other proteins, à la façon of antibodies. For several years, we explored ways to substitute antibodies by nanobodies (also known as VHHs), the smallest recognizing part of camelids' heavy-chain antibodies: production of those small proteins in host microorganisms, minute analyses, characterization, and qualification of their affinity towards designed targets. Here, we present three standard VHHs described in the literature: anti-albumin, anti-EGF receptor and anti-HER2, a typical cancer cell surface -associated protein.

VHH characterization. Comparison of recombinant with chemically synthesized anti-HER2 VHH.

In the continuous exploration of the VHH chemistry, biochemistry and therapeutic future use, we investigated two different production strategies of this small antibody-like protein, using an anti-HER2 VHH as a model. The total chemical synthesis of the 125 amino-acid peptide was performed with reasonable yield, even if optimization will be necessary to upgrade this kind of production. In parallel, we expressed the same sequence in two different hosts: Escherichia coli and Pichia pastoris.

EPR Spectroscopic Examination of Different Types of Paramagnetic Centers in the Blood in the Course of Burn Healing.

The multicomponent electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of the blood during healing of skin burned wounds treated with a new generation biodegradable dressings containing poly(lactide-co-glycolide) were analysed. The evolution of different types of paramagnetic centers in the blood with time of healing was determined. The EPR spectra of the blood samples at 230 K temperature were measured at 1, 10, and 21 days after burning of the pig skin.

S29434, a Quinone Reductase 2 Inhibitor: Main Biochemical and Cellular Characterization.

Quinone reductase 2 (QR2, E.C. 1.

Caffeic Acid Versus Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in the Treatment of Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells: Migration Rate Inhibition.

Epithelium mammary carcinoma is a cancer with a high death rate among women. One factor having a significant impact on metastasis is cell migration. The aim of this study was to compare migration rate inhibition of caffeic acid (CA) and its phenethyl ester (CAPE) on MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Flavonoids, bioactive components of propolis, exhibit cytotoxic activity and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 - a comparative study.

Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of mortality in women. Flavonoids, among other compounds, are bioactive constituents of propolis. In this comparative study, we investigated the effects of flavonoids apigenin (API), genistein (GEN), hesperidin (HES), naringin (NAR) and quercetin (QUE) on the proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle of two different human cancer cells - MDA-MB-231, estrogen-negative, and MCF-7, estrogen-positive receptor breast carcinoma cells.

Effects of Polylactide Copolymer Implants and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Bone Regeneration within a Large Calvarial Defect in Sheep.

The aim of this study was to verify whether L-lactide/DL-lactide copolymer 80/20 (PLDLLA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) trigger bone formation within critical-sized calvarial defects in adult sheep ( = 6). Two craniectomies, each ca. 3 cm in diameter, were created in each animal.