Comparison of Post-Cesarean Pain Perception of General Versus Regional Anesthesia, a Single-Center Study.

: Pain during and after the procedure remains the leading concern among women undergoing cesarean section. Numerous studies have concluded that the type of anesthesia used during a cesarean section undoubtedly affects the intensity and experience of pain after the operation. : This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center "Dragisa Misovic-Dedinje", Belgrade, Serbia.

Identification of COVID-19 spread mechanisms based on first-wave data, simulation models, and evolutionary algorithms.

Background: The COVID-19 epidemic has shown that efficient prediction models are required, and the well-known SI, SIR, and SEIR models are not always capable of capturing the real dynamics. Modified models with novel structures could help identify unknown mechanisms of COVID-19 spread.

Objective: Our objective is to provide additional insights into the COVID-19 spread mechanisms based on different models' parameterization which was performed using evolutionary algorithms and the first-wave data.

Effect of regional vs general anesthesia on vital functions after cesarean section: a single center experience.

Background: The aim was to determine the effect of regional anesthesia (RA) on postoperative vital functions in contrast to general endotracheal anesthesia (GEA) after the cesarean section.

Methods: Prospective cohort study included consecutive term pregnant women delivered by cesarean section (GEA, n = 284; RA, n = 249).

Results: Higher levels of blood pressure and heart rate, as well as lower levels of pulse oximetry were found for GEA in contrast to RA (p < 0.

Use of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Atrial Fibrillation.

The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) ranges from 2.3-23%. This difference in the incidence of AF is explained by the different ages of the patients in different studies and the different times of application of both reperfusion and drug therapies in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Interactions between Ketamine and Magnesium for the Treatment of Pain: Current State of the Art.

Background: Over the past three decades, NMDA-receptor antagonists have been shown to be efficient drugs for treating pain, particularly pain resistant to conventional analgesics. Emphasis will be on the old-new drugs, ketamine and magnesium, and their combination as a novel approach for treating chronic pain.

Methods: The MEDLINE database was searched via PubMed for articles that were published up to March 1, 2020, with the keywords 'ketamine', 'magnesium', and 'pain' (in the title/abstract).

Involvement of serotonergic and opioidergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of ketamine-magnesium sulphate combination in formalin test in rats.

Background: Ketamine and magnesium sulphate showed synergic interaction in the tail-immersion test and additive interaction in the rat formalin test. Aim of study was to evaluate the influence of serotonergic and opioidergic system of this combination in the formalin test in rats.

Methods: Antinociceptive activity was assessed by the formalin test in male Wistar rats (200-250 g).

Pioglitazone attenuates kidney injury in an experimental model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Gentamicin, belonging to the aminoglycosides, possesses the greatest nephrotoxic effect of all other antibiotics from this group. On the other hand, pioglitazone, which represents peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist recently showed antiinflamatory, antioxidative effects, amelioration of endothelial dysfunction etc. Therefore, the goal of our study was to investigate the effects of pioglitazone on kidney injury in an experimental model of gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

Experience with developing antibiotic stewardship programs in Serbia: potential model for other Balkan countries?

Aim: Antimicrobial resistance and inappropriate use of antibiotics in children are important issues. Consequently, there is a need to develop comprehensive stewardship programs even in hospitals with limited resources starting with children's hospitals.

Methods: Retrospective observational analysis of antimicrobial utilization and resistance patterns over 5 years in a tertiary care children's hospital in Serbia.

Adaptation and validation of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life (RAQoL) questionnaire for use in Serbia.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory rheumatic diseases. As it is a chronic and a lifelong destructive disease, the aim of the treatment is to reduce disability and improve quality of life. The Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life (RAQoL) questionnaire is a patient-reported outcome measure, specific to RA.

The Efficacy and Safety of Antipsychotic Medications in the Treatment of Psychosis in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Psychotic symptoms are present in up to 50% of patients with Parkinson's disease. These symptoms have detrimental effects on patients' and caregivers' quality of life and may predict mortality. The pathogenesis of psychotic symptoms in Parkinson's disease is complex, but the use of dopaminergic medications is one of the risk factors.

The attitudes of medical students towards rare diseases: A cross-sectional study.

Background/aim: Rare diseases are chronic, degenerative and may lead to permanent disability. We aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of the 3rd and 6th year medical students towards the treatment of rare diseases in Serbia. Methods.

Pharmacotherapy of Pain in the Older Population: The Place of Opioids.

Pain is a common symptom in older people. It is possible that pain is underreported in older persons due to an incorrect belief that it is an inevitable part of aging. Opioid analgesics are potent medications, with confirmed efficacy for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.

Patterns of antihypertensive medication use in kidney transplant recipients.

Aim: This study analyzed the prevalence of hypertension and the pattern of antihypertensive treatment before and after kidney transplantation.

Patients And Methods: The prevalence of hypertension and the class and daily dosage load of antihypertensive medications were analyzed in 116 patients before kidney transplantation and 1, 6, and 12 months after transplantation (67.2 % males, mean age 45.

Prenatal diagnosis of lissencephaly: A case report.

Introduction: Lissencephaly ("smooth brain") forms a major group of brain malformations due to abnormal neuronal migration. It can cause severe intellectual and motor disability and epilepsy in children. The prenatal diagnosis of this malformation is rare.

The Role of Immunosuppressive Medications in the Pathogenesis of Hypertension and Efficacy and Safety of Antihypertensive Agents in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

The purpose of this review is to summarize current data on the role of immunosuppressants in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the efficacy and tolerability of major antihypertensive classes in kidney transplant recipients. Arterial hypertension is a common complication after kidney transplantation and a major risk factor for adverse outcome and graft rejection due to blood pressure elevation by immunosuppressive medications. Calcineurin inhibitors induce hypertension by a mechanism related to the imbalance of vasoactive substances endothelin and nitric oxide, and probably by causing overactivity of thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride-cotransporter.

The antinociceptive efficacy of morphine-ketamine-magnesium combination is influenced by the order of medication administration.

Objective: Ketamine and magnesium, both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists, enhance the antinociceptive effects of opioid analgesics in different animal models of pain, as well as in humans. This study aimed at evaluating whether magnesium sulphate added to morphine-ketamine combination produces a higher level of analgesia.

Materials And Methods: Analgesic activity was assessed by tail-immersion test in male Wistar rats (200-250 g).

A synergistic interaction between magnesium sulphate and ketamine on the inhibition of acute nociception in rats.

Objective: Magnesium is an endogenous voltage-dependent NMDA receptor-channel blocker and ketamine is a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Magnesium may potentiate the effect of ketamine in analgesia and anaesthesia, but may also interact in an opposing manner. This study aimed at evaluating type of the interaction between magnesium sulphate and ketamine administered systemically in rats with an acute nociceptive pain (tail-immersion test).

Acute pretreatment with chloroquine attenuates renal I/R injury in rats.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) still remains an unresolved problem in pharmacotherapy and renal inflammation is a major factor in its development. Chloroquine, a well-known antimalarial drug, posses pleitropic effects as well: antiinflammatory, anticoagulant and vascular actions. The effects of chloroquine on renal function may involve significant increase in urine flow rate, glomerular filtration rate and sodium excretion, as well as stimulation of nitric oxide synthase.

Prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in Serbia.

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Serbia, using the European EULAR project methodology. In a detection phase, a previously translated and validated telephone Questionnaire was used by lay interviewers on 6,213 randomly selected telephone numbers representing urban population from four Serbian towns: Belgrade (north), Cacak, Uzice and Krusevac (south). Patients with suspected RA were called again by a rheumatologist.

Psoriatic arthritis classification criteria: Moll and Wright, ESSG and CASPAR -- a comparative study.

Objectives: to evaluate and compare Moll and Wright, ESSG and CASPAR criteria for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) classification.

Patients And Methods: Study comprised 356 patients (pts): 120 PsA pts in the investigated group, 123 pts with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 113 pts with non-inflammatory musculoskeletal symptoms (NIMS) in two control groups. Clinical diagnosis was the gold standard.

[Juvenile Sjögren's syndrome: case report].

Introduction: Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, clinically manifested by dry eyes (xerophthalmia) and dry mouth (xerostomia). In childhood SS is a rare disease, clinically atypically or asymptomatic and is often unrecognized. We report a girl with asymptomatic, juvenile form of primary Sjögren's syndrome (JSS).

Design of an oximeter based on LED-LED configuration and FPGA technology.

A fully digital photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor and actuator has been developed. The sensing circuit uses one Light Emitting Diode (LED) for emitting light into human tissue and one LED for detecting the reflectance light from human tissue. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is used to control the LEDs and determine the PPG and Blood Oxygen Saturation (S(p)O(2)).

[Ability of the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire in predicting outcome of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis].

Introduction: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated with decreased functional capacity and potentially long-term consequences. The establishment of early prognostic factors could help in the prevention of joint damage and improve the quality of life in children with JIA.

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the functional status of children with JIA by using the Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and to assess its ability in predicting the outcome of the disease.