Matrix Remodeling Enzymes as Potential Fluid Biomarkers of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease.

This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of plasma biomarkers-specifically, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), CD147, and the MMP-/TIMP-1 ratio in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. The research cohort comprised patients diagnosed with probable AD dementia and a control group of cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Neuroradiological assessments included brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following dementia protocols, with subsequent volumetric analysis.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of dementia.

Dementia is a syndrome characterized by multidomain acquired chronic cognitive impairment that has a profound impact on daily life. Neurogenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or nondegenerative diseases such as vascular dementia are considered to cause dementia. The need for further diagnostic improvement originates from the prevalence of these conditions, especially in developed countries with a predominance of the elderly population.

Prediction of in-hospital mortality after acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: cross-validation of several risk scoring systems.

Objective: We aimed to identify the clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic features associated with in-hospital mortality after acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB), focusing on cross-validation of the Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), full Rockall score (RS), and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Predictive Index (CSMCPI) scoring systems.

Methods: Our prospective cross-sectional study included 156 patients with AUGIB. Several statistical approaches were used to assess the predictive accuracy of the scoring systems.

Data on multiple SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein alignments.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surface glycoproteins deposited to the NCBI GenBank from Europe, by the mid of April 2021 (12.04.2021) were analysed.

Phylogenicity of B.1.1.7 surface glycoprotein, novel distance function and first report of V90T missense mutation in SARS-CoV-2 surface glycoprotein.

Phylogenicity of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.

ASL perfusion in acute ischemic stroke: The value of CBF in outcome prediction.

Objective: The application of novel advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in clinical practice has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy in early detection of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), additionally allowing outcome prediction. The introduction of arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion sequence as a standard in MRI protocols is a significant milestone in neuroradiology. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the potential of ASL sequence for the detection of absolute (aCBF) and relative (rCBF) cerebral blood flow values for an ischemic area and to examine the correlation of the obtained values with the functional outcome of patients.

Video corroboration of player incurred impacts using trunk worn sensors among national ice-hockey team members.

Purpose: Video corroboration of player incurred impacts (PII) using trunk-worn wearable sensors (WS) among national ice-hockey team members.

Methods: 23 members of the U.S.

[Reversible Paraplegia - Favorable Outcome After Delayed Diagnosis].

Reversible Paraplegia - Favorable Outcome After Delayed Diagnosis Abstract. A 74-year-old woman was referred for progressive gait disturbances. On presentation, she had a complete paraplegia (wheelchair-bound for 19 months) and bladder sphincter dyssynergia with sensory sacral sparing.

Apparent diffusion coefficient reproducibility in brain tumors measured on 1.5 and 3 T clinical scanners: A pilot study.

Background: Gradient and coil systems, pulse sequence design, and imaging parameters, as well as different scanners, can influence apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different field strengths on the reproducibility of mean absolute ADC measurements in various primary and secondary brain tumors.

Methods: Fifty patients with histologically proven brain tumors were prospectively examined on two MR scanners from the same vendor, with different field strengths-1.

Early diagnosis and detection of breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. It is often characterized by a lack of early symptoms, which results in late detection of the disease. Detection at advanced stages of the decease implies the treatment is more difficult and uncertain.

Modeling prognostic factors for poor neurological outcome in conservatively treated patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: A focus on TNF-α.

Objective: Prognostic models for Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), mainly based on clinical evaluation, have remained inherently confounded by subjective scoring assessments and limited accuracy. In this study, we aimed at assessing the risk for poor outcome after ICH based on peripheral biochemical markers (TNF-α, glutamate and glucose) and radiological variables (both at admission and five days after patient's care), for modeling purposes of prognostication.

Patients And Methods: The defined initial variables of fifty non-comatose conservatively treated ICH patients without severe complications during the hospitalization process (as intraventricular bleeding, or hematoma expansion) were aligned with the evaluated parameters during re-evaluation (3 months later).

Validation of the ELISA Method for Quantitative Detection of TNF-α in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the sensitivity, reproducibility and validity of the commercial ELISA kits for quantitative detection of TNF-α and their potential application for screening purposes in patients with ICH.

Methods: Analysis of six independent standard series, evaluation of the deviation of the TNF-α concentration in patients with ICH, standard addition and visual analysis of whole UV-Vis spectra were carefully performed.

Results: Low standard deviations of the absorbance were detected for every standard, as well as in the samples of healthy controls and patients with ICH.

Peripheral glutamate and TNF-α levels in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: Their prognostic values and interactions toward the formation of the edemal volume.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic values, contribution and interactions of the peripheral blood plasma glutamate and tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels toward the formation of the perifocal edema in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: Fifty patients with ICH and fifty healthy controls were included in the study. The peripheral markers were detected by high-sensitivity ELISA.

Slower EEG alpha generation, synchronization and "flow"-possible biomarkers of cognitive impairment and neuropathology of minor stroke.

Background: We investigated EEG rhythms, particularly alpha activity, and their relationship to post-stroke neuropathology and cognitive functions in the subacute and chronic stages of minor strokes.

Methods: We included 10 patients with right middle cerebral artery (MCA) ischemic strokes and 11 healthy controls. All the assessments of stroke patients were done both in the subacute and chronic stages.

Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) as a model of small vessel disease: update on clinical, diagnostic, and management aspects.

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is the most common and best known monogenic small vessel disease. Here, we review the clinical, neuroimaging, neuropathological, genetic, and therapeutic aspects based on the most relevant articles published between 1994 and 2016 and on the personal experience of the authors, all directly involved in CADASIL research and care. We conclude with some suggestions that may help in the clinical practice and management of these patients.

The Rare Painful Phenomena - Chronic Paroxysmal Hemicrania-tic Syndrome as a Clinically Isolated Syndrome of the Central Nervous System.

The association of paroxysmal hemicrania with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) has been described and called paroxysmal hemicrania-tic syndrome (PH-tic). We report the case of a patient diagnosed as having chronic PH-tic (CPH-tic) syndrome as a clinically isolated syndrome of the central nervous system (CNS) (CIS).A forty year old woman was admitted to our hospital suffering from right facial pain for the last 2 years.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of endometrial carcinoma.

Gynecological cancers comprise about 19% of all cancers in women whereas the endometrial cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive organs. The application of modern imaging tools plays an important role in the preoperative assessment of disease extent and allows the selection of a proper and adequate therapeutic approach for each patient. The purpose of this review was to show the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the evaluation of endometrial carcinoma.

Atypical presentation of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Clinical and radiological characteristics in eclamptic patients.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an obstetric emergency frequently occurring in a pregnant or puerperal woman, manifested with an acute headache, consciousness impairment, seizures, and visual deficits and is associated with white matter changes predominantly affecting the posterior parietal and occipital lobes of the brain. Apart from the above-described typical location of the changes, the most common atypical location involves the brain stem and basal ganglia. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive and specific imaging technique compared to computerized tomography, establishing the diagnosis and follow-up in patients with PRES is based mainly on MRI findings.

Perforation of gastric cancer - What should the surgeon do?

Perforation represents a rare and severe complication of gastric cancer (GC) with a large hospital mortality (8-82%). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical-pathological features in patients with perforated gastric cancer (PGC) and to advise the surgical treatment options. A total of 11 patients with PGC were retrospectively reviewed among 376 consecutive cases of GC operated.

Gadolinium deposition within the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus after repeated administrations of gadolinium-based contrast agents-current status.

Introduction: Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been used clinically since 1988 for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI). Generally, GBCAs are considered to have an excellent safety profile. However, GBCA administration has been associated with increased occurrence of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with severely compromised renal function, and several studies have shown evidence of gadolinium deposition in specific brain structures, the globus pallidus and dentate nucleus, in patients with normal renal function.

Apparent diffusion coefficient in the evaluation of cerebral gliomas malignancy.

Background/aim: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a key modality not only for lesion diagnosis, but also to evaluate the extension, type and grade of the tumor. Advanced MRI techniques provide physiologic information that complements the anatomic information available from conventional MRI. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps of intracranial glial tumors and histopathologic findings and whether ADCs can reliably distinguish low-grade from high-grade gliomas.

Breast MRI, digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis: comparison of three methods for early detection of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and early detection is important for its successful treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of three methods for early detection of breast cancer: breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), digital mammography, and breast tomosynthesis in comparison to histopathology, as well as to investigate the intraindividual variability between these modalities. We included 57 breast lesions, each detected by three diagnostic modalities: digital mammography, breast MRI, and breast tomosynthesis, and subsequently confirmed by histopathology.

Aseptic intrafascial and extrafascial abscesses 10 years after a 2-level DIAM insertion procedure.

With the aim to prevent the so-called adjacent-segment disease in spinal fusion surgery and to serve as the primary surgical procedure for the management of low-back pain syndrome or neurogenic claudication in spinal stenosis, the so-called dynamic spine stabilization is applied using specifically designed implants: interspinous spacers, such as DIAM (Device for Intervertebral Assisted Motion), Coflex, and X-stop. It is commonly accepted that interspinous spacers are made from material that is well tolerated by the body, that their placement is simple, that complications are rare, and that they can greatly benefit the patients. So far, there have not been published studies reporting infective or other complications 10 or more years after the placement of DIAM spacers.